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Item analysis as a tool for the evaluation of didactic tests: the example of the course Statistics for geographers
Novotná, Kateřina ; Netrdová, Pavlína (advisor) ; Pěnička, Jaroslav (referee)
In today's education system, we often encounter poorly created didactic tests that do not actually test the knowledge and skills acquired through teaching, or only test them to a limited extent. For example, if items for closed-ended questions are unprofessionally created, students may even guess the correct answers without having any knowledge and skills in the subject area. The aim of the bachelor's thesis is to evaluate the quality of closed-ended questions with a range of possible answers on the example of the final tests of the course Statistics for Geographers and, based on the obtained results, to recommend adjustments to specific items. The evaluation will be done based on item analysis using the ShinyItemAnalysis web application. In the case of poorly functioning questions, based on the results of the analysis, their modifications will be proposed so that they are more suitable for didactic testing. In the theoretical part, the bachelor's thesis will focus on the didactic test as a specific evaluation tool, its forms, individual types of test tasks and recommendations for their creation. Everything will be supplemented with specific examples from the field of statistics. The space will also be devoted to techniques of guessing answers, characteristics of test tasks and test theories....
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Concept of a succsessful pupil at a primary school at inclusive education from the point of view of a teacher
Šlégrová, Linda ; Hejlová, Helena (advisor) ; Pěnička, Jaroslav (referee)
This Master's thesis is focused on concept of a succsessful pupil at a primary school at inclusive education from the point of view of a teacher. Thesis is devided on a theoretic and practical part. First part of the thesis involves theoretical basis for concept of a successful student. Qualitative research was utilized to answer the research questions through interviews with a small group of respondents who were teachers from elementary school and were divided into two groups by teaching experience. The research was supplemented with questions about my self-reflection of developments regarding the concept of a successful student. It was found out how primary school teachers perceive a successful student and how strong the influence of the school environment on this conception. Keywords younger school age pupil, teacher, school success, school failure, inclusive education, inclusion
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Comparison of EUR and 5E, the instructional models
Oktábcová, Jitka ; Voda, Jan (advisor) ; Pěnička, Jaroslav (referee)
This diploma thesis deals with the comparison of two schemes for students learning. Those are a three-phase E-R-R model, the parts of which are called Evocation, Realization of Meaning, Reflection. The second model is five-phase learning model 5Es, with the following parts: Engage, Explore, Explain, Elaborate, Evaluate. Comparison of the models was done by the method of action research at the Magic Hill Elementary School in Říčany during a complex student practicum in 2017. The research lasted for two weeks and involved two fourth grade classes. In total, 31 pupils participated in the research. The research was conducted alternately in both classes. On one topic, two lessons were always prepared, each of which was based on one of the comparative pedagogical models. Each day, one subject was taught in both classes, with class 4.A being done with E-U-R and class 4.B with 5E. Lectured subjects were Czech language and mathematics. The research has shown that the compared pedagogical models are very similar, although they differ in their structure and particularly in the number of phases. The E-R-R model is better suited to shorter learning units, while model 5E requires longer units for its efficiency. Both models can be modified according to the needs of the teacher, pupil, subject, etc., whereas...
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Cooperation of teachers on small school with composite classes: case study
Plavcová, Eliška ; Pěnička, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Stará, Jana (referee)
v anglickém jazyce ABSTRACT This thesis aims to analyze and describe how the cooperation of pedagogical workers in selected a Little Class School, how cooperation works in practice. The theoretical part deals mainly with characteristic of Little Class school in the Czech republic, further focuses on teacher's personality, on the school climate and its environment where pedagogical employees work together. In the last chapter of theoretical part, cooperation as a topic is mentioned. It defines the basic concepts that are related to cooperation between educators. These concepts include Little Class school, teacher personality, professional development, climate and school environment, cooperation. In the theoretical part, cooperation between teacher and teaching assistant is also mentioned. The empirical part of the thesis contains a case study of a selected a Little Class school and how the cooperation takes place at this school. In the diploma thesis, these collection methods were used: observation, interview and questionnaire. Following is an analysis of the data collected and an assessment of the situation. This research showed interesting results. In the empirical part of diploma thesis are used knowledge from the theoretical part. KEYWORDS school climate, teaching staff, school management,...
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Specificity of education for children from a children's home
Pilátová, Hana ; Hejlová, Helena (advisor) ; Pěnička, Jaroslav (referee)
1 ABSTRACT The diploma thesis, "Specifics of education of children from a children's home" has a theoretical and empirical character and it is focused on the education of primary school pupils who are placed in a children's home. The first, theoretical part, gathers expert knowledge related to the social and legal protection of children and selected cases where the rights of the child are not respected. It describes institutions operating in institutional and protective education, which are under control of the Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports of the Czech Republic. It captures the negative effects of institutional education on the child. In the context of inclusive education, it characterizes a pupil from an orphanage as an endangered child with special educational needs. The purpose of the theoretical part was to describe, on the basis of professional literature, the most common obstacles that a pupil from a children's home encounters (or may face) during education and what are their causes. Outline the life situation of a pupil from an orphanage. The second, empirical part, contains the results of a qualitative survey, the aim of which was to map the supporting network of cooperating actors involved in the education of children from a particular children's home in order to find out who is involved...
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Teaching as a second career
Zajíčková, Martina ; Krčmářová, Tereza (advisor) ; Pěnička, Jaroslav (referee)
The thesis deals with the personality of a primary school teacher for which teaching is a second career. The theoretical part is focused on general demands placed on teacher's personality, defines the term 'second career teacher', describes professional development of a teacher, gives potential motivators influencing the choice to become a teacher and also briefly introduces the system of professional training of primary school teachers in Czech Republic and some other European countries. The aim of qualitative survey performed by deep semi- structured discussions with 5 teachers about their live stories was to answer the research question: "What is the second career teacher like?" By means of partial questions the survey has uncovered the reasons that brought those teachers to career change, which benefits and difficulties following their decision they perceived, which gains from previous profession they can use in their new teaching career. Finally, the thesis brings the point of view of the respondents on their studies at pedagogical faculty. The analysis of the data enabled to investigate the decision-making process about changing the career from non-teaching to teaching one and identify the key moments which can influence the decision. It was found that internal and external motivators play a...
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Assesment of learning outcomes in inclusive educatin at a primary school
Mužíková, Tereza ; Hejlová, Helena (advisor) ; Pěnička, Jaroslav (referee)
This Master's thesis is focused on assessment of learning outcomes in inclusive education at primary school. First part of the thesis involves theoretical basis for learning assessment in inclusive education. This theoretical basis is further applied in the practical part. In the practical part, a set of research questions was presented, which were subsequently subjected to qualitative research. To answer the questions, action research supplemented with interviews and questionnaires submitted to teachers and parents were used. Samples of questionnaires are included in the annexes. The research questions were answered at the end of the research. KEYWORDS assessment, formative assessment, inclusive education, inclusion, social development, socialization, younger school age
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Origin and developement of Scioschools
Trzaskaliková, Aneta ; Poche Kargerová, Jana (advisor) ; Pěnička, Jaroslav (referee)
The Master's thesis deals with origin and development of ScioSchools. The theoretical part explains the key concepts. It points to the issues associated with the transformation in education in the world and in our country. Introduces the concepts of alternative, innovative and democratic school. It briefly characterizes the best-known representatives of these types of schools - schools of reform pedagogy, religious schools, modern alternative schools, democratic schools Summerhill and Sudbury Valley. It describes the establishment of ScioSchools, their gradual expansion and introduces the founders. It focuses on main characteristics of ScioSchools with the primary attention on pedagogical principles and values. It explains also the role of guides and the process of their recruitment. Last but not least, the theoretical part describes the cooperation and sharing in the school environment while introducing some of the methods applied. With the use of quantitative and qualitative research the empirical part analyses the collaboration and sharing among ScioSchools with regard to their gradual development. From the perspective of the founder it maps the development of forms used in this system of schools during their existence. By means of questionnaires it evaluates the satisfaction of employees with...
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Work with children with postponement of school entrance in current practice of pre-school education
Žáková, Petra ; Loudová Stralczynská, Barbora (advisor) ; Pěnička, Jaroslav (referee)
In my bachelor's thesis I am dealing with issues related to the postponement of compulsory school attendance. I have researched the topic in accordance to the new conditions - the introduction of the compulsory pre-school education of five-year-old childern. The thesis is divided into two main parts − a theoretical part and a practical one. The purpose of the theoretical part is to introduce the topic. The development of the view on the concepts of school maturity, readiness and competence, and the legislative legalisation of the postponement of beginning of the schol attendance is presented here. It also outlines the development of postponements of school attendance from approximately, the middle od the 20th century to the present, and a brief comparison of the Czech Republic and some other European countries concerning the issue of school attendance. Since the rate of postponements of compulsory school attendance in the Czech Republic is relatively high, the countries where the share of posponements is lower, we used for the comaprison. The aim of practical part is to find out how are the childern with postponed school attendance in selected kindergartes in the Vysočina region and Prague being prepared and supported fot the future school attendance. A semi-structured questionnaire with...
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The cooperation between family and school at the beginning of schooling in the Pelhřimov district
Brothánková, Aneta ; Poche Kargerová, Jana (advisor) ; Pěnička, Jaroslav (referee)
This diploma thesis deals with the current situation in the area of cooperation between family and school in the elementary schools of the current educational stream of the Pelhřimov district. The aim of the thesis is to bring basic information about the issue and to find out the degree of cooperation between the mentioned actors by parents, teachers in the Pelhřimov district.The thesis is divided into theoretical and empirical part. The theoretical part is based on analysis of professional literature, clarifies the concept of communication, cooperation, pupil and teacher. The empirical part presents a research investigation, which was carried out at the first level of basic schools of the common educational stream in the Pelhřimov district among the parents of the first class pupils, among the teachers of these schools. The research was conceived by the method of quantitative investigation using non-standardized questionnaires of own construction. In conclusion, the obtained data are presented. KEYWORDS family, communication, school, pupil
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