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The Story of Kullervo by J. R. R. Tolkien: translation and stylistic analysis
Tylová, Michaela ; Ženíšek, Jakub (advisor) ; Pípalová, Renata (referee)
This bachelor thesis consists of three parts - the introduction, the translation of The Story of Kullervo and stylistic analysis of the translation. The first part focuses on the introduction of the short story and the author's inspiration taken from the Finnish mythology. It also contains notes on the difficulties and errors in the original text, which are important for the better understanding of the story. The practical part consists of the original text and its Czech translation and the third part analyses the process of the translation, supported by the relevant theories.
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Language and Ageing - Cognitive and Educational Aspects in the Elderly with Special Focus on Cognitive Training in a Foreign Language in People with Dementia
Veltruská Šmídová, Kateřina ; Pípalová, Renata (advisor) ; Lancová, Klára (referee)
The thesis explores cognitive as well as educational aspects in elderly people. The main emphasis is put on investigating the influence of cognitive training carried out in a foreign language on the elderly suffering from dementia. Having described the basic anatomy of the nervous system, neurolinguistic theories as well as ageing and having dealt with cognitive aspects in relation to language learning, the thesis aims at performing an experiment that should help dementia clients to broaden their vocabulary in a foreign language. This is to be achieved through individual therapy- like units using worksheets created specifically for these purposes. The results indicate that cognitive training in a foreign language is beneficial to dementia clients and could be used more extensively. The worksheets were redesigned in order to facilitate their further use by specialised teachers or lectures working with mentally healthy seniors. Key words ageing, dementia, language, cognitive training, neurolinguistics, geragogy
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Role and Use of Speech Acts in the Dialogues of the Novel Pride and Prejudice by Jane Austen
Pellar, Jan ; Pípalová, Renata (advisor) ; Richterová, Jana (referee)
This work from the field of pragmatics introduces the application of the concept of speech acts (see J. L. Austin, J. Searle) to the literary sample of 15 chosen dialogues i.e. 1122 sentences from the novel Pride and Prejudice by the classical English author Jane Austen. It introduces an eight-member modified classification of speech acts: representatives, assertives, directives, connissives, expressives, interrogatives, requestives and daclarations. There are eight literary characters included in the research together with marginally Charlotte Lucas, who use speech acts to express their communicative intentions. The main heroine Elizabeth occurring in 12 dialogues uses mostly representatives, assertives and expressives. The remaining three dialogues involve Mrs Bennet and her husband Mr Bennet. Jane Austen's language is very rich and complex, with frequent occurrence of politeness turns of phrase. Some mixed and multiple categories also add to this complexity (there are 55.8% of simple ones; 39.1% of double, 4.6% of triple, quadruple only 0.5 % of the 969 sentences counted). This work also contains some comments on stylistic analysis featuring selected interesting literary and pragmatic aspects of the dialogical samples.
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Situational Parameters and Formality Scale: Multiaspectual Analysis of Authentic Discourse Samples
Svobodová, Denisa ; Pípalová, Renata (advisor) ; Matuchová, Klára (referee)
The thesis aims to investigate the influence of situational parameters on the choice of lexicogrammatical units of language producers. The main focus is placed on the register of language and individual aspects of it are introduced. The phenomenon of human language use is approached specifically from the point of view of sociolinguistics in order to prove the importance of the role of language in social interaction. The practical part of the diploma thesis is dedicated to the multiaspectual analysis of three authentic discourse samples, which differ from one another in the contexts they take place in. Based on the proportion of individual parts of speech in each of these samples, a scale of formality is finally designed in order to determine the most and the least formal of them.
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Analysis of Selected Linguistic Aspects of Simplified Fiction as against the Originals
Romanenko, Elena ; Pípalová, Renata (advisor) ; Dvořák, Bohuslav (referee)
The thesis presents a multi-aspectual analysis of simplified fiction at the B2 and C1 levels and their original counterparts. It aims to explore the simplification and language transformation performed on authentic texts to adapt them to particular CEFR levels. The thesis also endeavors to provide an insight into whether there are common linguistic features that characterize authentic and adapted texts of different levels, thus helping teachers and learners justify their choice between original and simplified texts. Based on the theoretical framework, the thesis provides an analysis of a specialized corpus of six texts which is comprised of the first chapters of the two original novels and their simplified versions adapted to the B2 and C1 levels by two different publishers. Each sample was subjected to scrutiny of selected linguistic features, thus unveiling the tendencies in the language, discourse, and information control in the graded readers. Consequently, the results of the text analysis were contrasted with CEFR to compare the actual text complexity with its assigned CEFR level. The results of the analysis seem to indicate certain discrepancies in this respect. Keywords: CEFR, specialized corpus, graded readers, authentic texts, simplification, language control, discourse control,...
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On the Interface between Thematic Progressions and Cohesive Ties in Selected Modern Short Stories and a Fairy Tale
Malá, Lucie ; Pípalová, Renata (advisor) ; Matuchová, Klára (referee)
This thesis focuses on the comparison of two short stories by Angela Carter with the fairy tale on which they are based. It attempts to discern to what extent the author preserved the structure of the fairy tale, as viewed from a linguistic point of view, in her short stories. The thesis also suggests an interpretation of the motivation and effect of the divergences of the structure of the short stories from that of the fairy tale. The three texts are analysed from three points of view: thematic progressions, discourse subjects and cohesive chains, and cohesive ties. Attention is payed first to the description of the individual texts, and then to the comparison of the three texts. The comparison puts emphasis on the distinction between the shorts stories on one hand and the fairy tale on the other hand. The comparison shows that the structure of the fairy tale is to a large extent retained in the short stories, as they share characteristics on all the three levels of analysis. The short stories were found to differ from the fairy tale in two main respects, connected to each other, which influence the differences in their structure: the age of the intended reader, and the context and setting of the story.
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Some Features of Persuasive Language in Selected Presidential Campaign Speeches of Two Candidates
Šlesingrová, Pavlína ; Pípalová, Renata (advisor) ; Topolovská, Tereza (referee)
The diploma thesis "Some Features of Persuasive Language in Selected Presidential Campaign Speeches of Two Candidates" aims to investigate how the rhetorical device of conceptual metaphor is employed in the election campaign speeches of Barack Obama and Mitt Romney addressed mainly to the Hispanic voters to develop the myth of the American Dream. The political speeches were analyzed under the theoretical framework of the critical metaphor analysis and critical discourse analysis. Besides the analysis of the metaphorical concepts that support the myth creation, other rhetorical devices were examined in the selected corpus of the both speeches for their persuasive function.
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Pragmatic and stylistic aspects of expressions of futurality in professional economic text and their didactic consequences
Mikuláš, Martin ; Pípalová, Renata (advisor) ; Povolná, Renata (referee) ; Malá, Markéta (referee)
The dissertation surveys the use of expressions of futurality in professional economic texts (the linguistic part). In addition, it investigates didactic aspects of futurality in the process of English as a second language acquisition, focusing on undergraduates in the study programme B 6208 - Economy and Management (the didactic part). The topic was chosen on the basis of the author's empirical experience and the results of pre-tests in the target group. The research is based on a corpus-based linguistic study. Seven representative monographs written by native speakers were selected as a source of relevant information about the use of futural constructions in a written economic text. All the sources were explored by means of corpus query software and instances of selected futural constructions (will, shall, be going to, be about to, be on the point of, be (due) to and the present tense) were excerpted. Functions of the futural constructions were elaborted on the basis of the numerous excerpts and confronted with English for specific (economic) purpose textbooks that are used widely at Czech economic universities. To prove or disaprove their mutual interdependence, the correlation of general language and specific language proficiencies of undergraduates from two universities was measured....
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Pre-fortis shortening in Czech English
Hrychová, Helena ; Červinková Poesová, Kristýna (advisor) ; Pípalová, Renata (referee)
This bachelor thesis examines the role of a phenomenon called pre-fortis shortening in Czech English. This term is used by phoneticians to represent the shortening of vowels before fortis consonants. It is not characteristic only of English, Matthew Chen even suggested that it could be a language-universal phenomenon. In English it is a very significant feature since English vowel duration was proven by various experiments to serve as a cue to the perception of the voicing characteristic of the following consonant. This thesis advances our understanding of pre-fortis shortening in Czech English where vowel duration was hypothesized to correlate with the speaker's proficiency in English. As a result, this work aims to examine the extent to which 20 Czech students divided into two categories depending on their English level (A2, C1) exploit this phenomenon and whether their proficiency has an impact on vowel durations before fortis and lenis consonants. They were recorded while reading 40 English sentences and their vowel durations were compared to those obtained from two native English speakers.
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