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Chances of Control over Hazardous Gaming in Positive Law in the Town of Brno
Holubová, Kristýna ; Holmerová, Iva (advisor) ; Novotný, Josef (referee)
As gambling has always been connected with psychopathological effects, the legal executives of every society have tried with various powers to regulate hazardous gaming. Nevertheless, the regulations on the hazardous gaming also affected the income of the town and state coffers. Between the years 2002-2007 the total amount of money put into all hazardous gaming in the Czech Republic increased from 69 billions to 108 billion CZK, which is an increase by 55%. The largest market share, when evaluated according to value of all placed bets, has the gaming machines with market share of 53%. The technical games, as the interactive video lottery terminals, are at the second place. The present legal regulations enable the town hall executives to control in particular the winning gaming machines. However this is, these machines are being substituted by interactive video lottery terminals and their regulation is not directly required by the lottery law. This situation is not favoured by the municipal representatives of individual Brno districts. The present legal regulations do not allow in higher and clearer impact the control over hazardous gaming in the town of BRNO.
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Interventions using Community-led total sanitation approach (CLTS) in developing countries: an analysis of practical experience
Ficek, František ; Novotný, Josef (advisor) ; Verner, Vladimír (referee)
Interventions using Community-led total sanitation approach (CLTS) in developing countries: an analysis of practical experience Nearly one billion people in developing countries lack an access to basic sanitation facilities and still practice open defecation (OD). In recent years one approach has gained notable popularity among other approaches for improving sanitation, Community-Led Total Sanitation (CLTS), which ultimately aims to establish new social norms that determine behavioral change leading to elimination of OD. While many perceive this approach as a revolutionary way of improving sanitation, it is criticized for its use of unethical practices and its effectiveness has been questioned. This thesis assesses opinions and experience of CLTS implementers obtained via interviews with 19 practitioners from 14 developing countries. Interviews were analyzed using qualitative research methods and evaluated in a context of theoretical knowledge concerning behavioral change, sanitation and hygiene. Obtained insights overall showed that practitioners consider CLTS as an effective tool and are satisfied with its application, but at the same time they are aware of limits and controversies associated with it. They are also aware of needs of a constant improvement and modification depending on the given...
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Factors that influence the use of rainwater harvesting systems for domestic drinking water consumption in rural areas of developing countries
Cahlíková, Markéta ; Novotný, Josef (advisor) ; Lungová, Kristýna (referee)
This thesis discusses rainwater harvesting systems (RWH systems). It particularly focuses on systems collecting rainwater for domestic consumption in rural areas of developing countries. The main aim of the thesis is to identify factors, which influence the willingness and ability of people to adopt and use properly these RWH systems. I began with a brief introduction into the topic of the good-quality drinking water scarcity and with a discussion of relevant information about the RWH systems. The method used for the research was a systematic review. The relevant literature was systematically searched, selected, evaluated, and the relevant material was then processed with regards to the importance of particular factors influencing the RWH systems adption and utilization. Altogether, 26 influential factors were identified and discussed.
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Political Nepotism
Šebek, Jiří ; Znoj, Milan (advisor) ; Profant, Martin (referee) ; Novotný, Josef (referee)
There is circumstantial and scientific evidence of nepotism in Europe and USA, and among politicians, judges and other elites. Despite this, an access to positions of power in a liberal democracy is restricted in the sense that occupational following in the offices is subject to public scrutiny. There is a conflict between a personal obligation to promote one's kin and a public obligation to promote liberty. This public duty emerges from a duty to allow access to offices of power to those who have the misfortune of not being born as dynastic followers. It is based on John Rawls's original position which is a thought experiment establishing an impartial environment to detect chief principles adjudicating conflicts of moral doctrines, fairly. In it, the condition of impartiality is achieved by means which are found in this dissertation to be excessive. Its blanked ban on biases immolates even those biases which contribute to fairness, despite their partiality. When nepotism is partly considered an expression of altruism, it shows a capacity to increase cohesion, impede free-driving and improve economy. In order to preserve these virtues, an improved condition of impartiality is offered to enhance Rawls's theory and to classify instances of nepotism according to their effects on improving or hampering...
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The Natural Resource Course? Regional Level Analysis
Burdych, Tomáš ; Novotný, Josef (advisor) ; Tichý, Lukáš (referee)
The thesis deals with the existence or absence of a curse of mineral resource (more closely specified in the form of so-called curse of natural resources) namely on the most important mining regions of the selected group of developing countries with significant mining sector. The aim is to capture the regional benefits of mining, or its negative impact with the help of indicator of the relative position of the quality of life of the mining region (relativized to the other regions of watched country). You can see the greatest benefits of the work in this approach of monitoring the impacts of a possible curse (or benefit) of mineral resources at the regional level, as the majority of similar thesis is devoted to the comparison of countries, or the individual studies. The reader finds an overview of the basic mechanisms and factors affecting the use, benefit or a curse of mineral resources, as well as partial specifically aimed analyzes watched mining countries, including the determination of mining regions and finally a summary of reclaimed pieces of knowledgee, including the attempt of interpretation. The thesis also specifies the factors and mechanisms that underlie the curse, or the benefits of mineral resources among the group of countries and their mining regions. Key Words: Nature Resource...
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Software approaches for development hygiene and sanitation in developing countries and influencing factors
Kačmáčková, Kamila ; Novotný, Josef (advisor) ; Preis, Jiří (referee)
Jméno a příjmení autora: Bc. Kamila Kačmáčková Název bakalářské práce: Software approaches for development hygiene and sanitation in developing countries and influencing factors Katedra: sociální geografie a regionálního rozvoje Vedoucí bakalářské práce: Doc. RNDr. Josef Novotný, Ph.D. Rok obhajoby: 2015 Abstrakt The subject of this master thesis are software approaches for development right sanitation behavior. First part - theoretical describes hygiene and sanitation section and specific type of development projects - software approaches. Practical part of the thesis based on the systematic review describes external factors influencing sanitation behaviors. Result is summary of influencing external factors categorized into five groups: socio-cultural, economic, political, and physical-geographic and factors of current sanitation conditions Keywords Hygiene and sanitation, development countries, software approaches, behavior change, factors, context
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Possibility of developing the motivation of current pupils in the 1.st grade of primary school
Třasáková, Daniela ; Mazáčová, Nataša (advisor) ; Novotný, Josef (referee)
Processing of my thesis is focused on the possibilities of support of the first grade scholars on primary school. In this theoretical part deals with the general characteristics of pupil motivation 1st grade of primary school learning. More detailed characteristics of individual innovative teaching strategies that help to increase pupils motivation for learning, and their importance in education. In the practical part deals with research to determine how teachers think about the motivation of students in relation to the use of innovative teaching strategies and identify innovative teaching strategies and approaches used in teaching. The survey is carried out through a questionnaire completed by the teachers of the first grade of primary school.
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Spatial behaviour of immigrants: analysis of spatial relatedness between migration groups
Hasman, Jiří ; Novotný, Josef (advisor) ; Baláž, Vladimír (referee) ; Netrdová, Pavlína (referee)
The entry of immigrants into their incoming country as well as their subsequent spread over the country's territory occurs through processes that have a strong spatial bias. The specific migration groups (here defined as the set of immigrants with the same country of origin) tend to reveal different levels and patterns of their spatial concentrations. The understanding of these similarities and dissimilarities in spatial behaviour is important task from both academic and policy perspective. This thesis has a quantitative character and it is based on the study of "spatial relatedness" of migration groups, which is defined as a rate, how much do given migration groups concentrate into the same regions. The thesis is based on a simple assumption that the spatial relatedness mirrors mutual proximity or similarity between these groups in other respects (e.g. cultural or economical). Plenty of datasets describing spatial distribution of migrants within 32 territorial systems on various scales (from global to local) are analysed. These systems will be analysed separately at first and then a synthesis of these partial results will be done with the aim to discover prevailing pattern of the spatial relatedness of migration groups. The assessments consists of several steps, which include particularly calculation of...
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