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Identification of new potent inhibitors of selected mycobacterial enzyme
Komrsková, Jitka ; Novotná, Eva (advisor) ; Matoušková, Petra (referee)
Charles University in Prague Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Biochemical Sciences Candidate: Bc. Jitka Komrsková Supervisor: Mgr. Eva Novotná, Ph.D. Title of Diploma Thesis: Identification of new potent inhibitors of selected mycobacterial enzyme Mycobacterium tuberculosis remains one of the deadly pathogens, which are threat for people around the world. The combination of antituberculotic drugs is effective but the treatment is prolonged and sometimes it is not successful because of multiresistant forms of tuberculosis and also co-infection with HIV, that are the problems in last a few years. Therefore, it is necessity to find a new drug against tuberculosis, which will be effective against resistant forms of mycobacterium and can be used for HIV therapy. Enzyme isocitratelyase performs a potentially drug target against Mycobacterium tuberculosis. This enzyme plays a key role of glyoxylate pathway, where catalyzes the conversion of isocitrate to succinate and glyoxylate. This enzyme is necessary for mycobacterial survive during acute phase of the infection. The aim of this work is to determine that the activity of isocitratelyase is inhibited by S-benzylisothiosemicarbazones and flavonoids and so they could be new potentially antituberculotic drugs. Activity of this enzyme was...
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Selected traditional chinese medicinal plants containing compounds with carbonyl group
Pohanková, Lucie ; Novotná, Eva (advisor) ; Chlebek, Jakub (referee)
Charles University Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department od Biochemical Sciences Candidate: Lucie Pohanková Supervisor: RNDr. Eva Novotná, Ph.D. Title of diploma thesis: Selected traditional Chinese medicinal plants containing compounds with carbonyl group Plants are part and parcel of the traditional Chinese herbal medicine. New and modern pharmacological researches have proved that plant's bioactive constituents are the key to prevention and treatment of the wide range of diseases. The chemical constituents and the metabolites of the plant, which originate in a human body, are responsible for their medicinal effects. Recently, many researches have been conducted in order to isolate, determine, and clarify the effects of the plant's bioactive compounds. This diploma thesis deals with the plants used in the traditional Chinese medicine, which are part of the herbal mixture and also the majority of them are available in the Czech Republic. Furthermore, the thesis focuses on the compounds with the functional carbonyl group. The aim of the thesis is to create small database of the compounds, to summarize their biological effects, and their usage not only in the field of medicine. Keywords traditional Chinese medicinal plants, compounds with carbonyl group, phytotherapy
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Spectrophotometric determination of cholinesterase activity using carbamate inhibitors
Keresteš, Ondřej ; Kučerová, Marta (advisor) ; Novotná, Eva (referee)
Charles University, Faculty o Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Analysis Student: Ondřej Keresteš Supervisor: PharmDr. Marta Kučerová, Ph.D. Consultant: pplk. prof. RNDr. Miroslav Pohanka, Ph.D., DSc. Title of bachelor's thesis: Spectrophotometric determination of cholinesterase activity using carbamate inhibitors Nowadays, two types of cholinesterase are known. Acetylcholinesterase is the first one (AChE, EC 3.1.1.7), whose function is the cleavage bond of acetylcholine to cholinergic receptors in the central and peripheral nervous system. The second type is butyrylcholinesterase (BChE, EC 3.1.1.8), sometimes called plasmatic cholinesterase or pseudocholinesterase. Whole function of BChE is yet not fully understood. Carbamate inhibitors belong to reversible cholinesterase inhibitors. Their effect decreases in time due to their own hydrolysis into inactive compounds. The goal of this experimental work was to obtain the kinetic parameters of AChE and BChE, and optimize the method for determination of selected carbamate inhibitors - carbofuran and physostigmine/eserine. Determination of cholinesterase activity was made with Ellman method. It turned out, firstly, that both of inhibitors act very similarly, time to reach maximum of inhibition was about...
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Emerging treatment options for the mucopolysaccharidoses
Petrášová, Kristína ; Novotná, Eva (advisor) ; Dršata, Jaroslav (referee)
Charles University Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Biochemical Sciences Candidate: Supervisor: Title of diploma thesis: Kristína Petrášová RNDr. Eva Novotná, Ph.D. Emerging treatment options for the mucopolysaccharidoses This thesis provides a summary of knowledge about rare disease named mucopolysaccharidoses and about treatment options. Due to the low incidence in the population is in the common literature the disease mentioned only sporadically. The thesis is processed as a search, the primary method of work is collecting data by studying literature. The first part deals with general aspects of disease occurrence in the Czech Republic and abroad and mucopolysaccharides, in the second part are itemized in detail all known types of MPS, their clinical manifestations as well as a treatment that is currently quite problematic and unsatisfactory. In the treatment I focused mainly on the form of MPS III, because this form is the most widespread in the Czech Republic. Key words: mucopolysaccharidosis, glycosaminoglycans, lysosomal storage disease, enzyme replacement therapy, substrate reduction therapy
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Criminal proceedings against legal entities
Novotná, Eva ; Jelínek, Jiří (advisor) ; Vanduchová, Marie (referee)
This diploma thesis discusses the criminal proceedings against legal persons. The main idea of this diploma thesis is to describe single juridical institute of criminal procedure which is specific for proceedings against legal persons. For better understanding is necessary to find and understate all the sources of law. The primary authorities which will be used in the criminal proceedings are above all Act of Criminal Procedure against Legal Persons, Rules of Criminal Procedure and also Constitution of the Czech Republic and Charter of Fundamental Rights and Freedoms. It is also important to looking the sources at international level. Fundamental source is European Convention on Human Rights. The thesis deals with institutes of criminal law specific for legal entities, like imputability, a person committing a crime or enumeration of criminal acts for which can be affected legal entities. The main chapter contains analysis of each section from special part of Act of Criminal Procedure against Legal Persons. Subchapters discuss some of elemental principles in criminal proceedings as local jurisdiction in criminal proceedings and principle of joint trial of a criminal case, then provisional and protective measures, procedure for the cancellation, termination and conversion of the legal entity during...
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