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Use of Botanical Garden of faculty of science Charles University in Prague in teaching biology and natural history
Nováková, Eliška ; Rajsiglová, Jiřina (advisor) ; Dvořáková, Radka (referee)
This diploma thesis is focusing on use of Botanical garden of Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague by teachers as a destination for class field trips. Teachers use this garden with different objectives and different intensity. This diploma thesis provides a summary of this using by the processing of the survey, which took place in elementary school teachers and high school teachers. This work is testing the following hypotheses: 1. Teachers with length of practice above twenty years use the field trip less than teachers with length of practice under twenty years. 2. Men use guided tours more than women. 3. High school teachers use geopark for tour more than elementary school teachers. 4. Teachers with length of practice above twenty years visit gardens other than Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague and the Botanical Garden in Prague Troja less than teachers with length of practice under twenty years. The thesis summarizes basic information about the field trip as an organizational form. The thesis also deals with the Botanical Garden of faculty of science Charles University in Prague, its collections, history, and possibilities of using in schools.
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Non-voters in elections to Chamber of Deputies of the Czech Republic 2013 and their motivation to electoral absence
Nováková, Eliška ; Vinopal, Jiří (advisor) ; Sedláčková, Markéta (referee)
The issue of this thesis is to chart the motivations of non-voters for not attending the election to the Chamber of Deputies of the Czech Republic. This election had the second lowest turnout in the history of the Czech Republic in this type of election which is considered by the citizens to be the most important type of election. A decreasing turnout can be a threat to a proper functioning of democracy. In the theoretical part of the paper, the theory of functioning democracy and the theory explaining the decreasing turnout are introduced. According to several studies, there is a difference between younger and older generation, so I decided to explore this difference. Therefore, fifteen semi-structured interviews with non-voters have been conducted to detect the cause of this situation. Collected sample contains nine younger non-voters and six older ones. The data were analyzed according to the rules of grounded theory. The product of this analysis is a typology of non-voters and their main motivations for non-voting and a scheme of participating factors. The result of the analysis suggests that there is a difference between younger and older generation. Keywords: Non-voters, election behavior, politics, motivations
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Examination of caesium concentration trends in extracts from cement blocks simulating radioactive waste
Straka, Marek ; Hraníček, Jakub (advisor) ; Nováková, Eliška (referee)
Cement is widely used as a solidification material of low and intermediate level radioactive waste containing caesium before shallow land burial. The aim of this thesis was to extract caesium out of 17 cement samples with 6 different cement binder compositions, by extraction with deionized water, then determine the amount of caesium in the extracts and look for trends in the extract Cs concentrations with various extraction duration. Cement samples, with stable caesium nuclide, were used to simulate retention of caesium in immobilized radioactive waste. Ten extractions from each sample in total were made with time ranging from 2 to 1032 hours. Atomic absorption spectrometry with flame atomization, using acetylene as fuel and air as oxidant, was used for caesium determination. This method was optimized and the addition of KCl serving as ionization buffer for better results was explored and compared. Keywords Atomic absorption spectrometry, flame atomization, caesium, extraction,
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Interferences in determination of antimony by electrochemical generation of volatile compounds and atomic fluorescence spectrometry
Kostúrová, Dominika ; Červený, Václav (advisor) ; Nováková, Eliška (referee)
Antimony is a highly toxic element that enters the environment through natural processes and human activities as well. It is necessary to determine its ultra-trace amounts in various materials such as water, soil and biological samples. Due to the heterogeneity of sample matrices, the determination of antimony is problematic because of frequent interactions. The aim of this work was to investigate the effects of various interferents on the determination of antimony by electrochemical generation of volatile compounds and atomic fluorescence spectrometry. In total, 18 interference dependencies were measured in the determination of Sb(III) and Sb(V). The following ions were selected for the interference study: SO4 2- , Cl- , NO3 - , NO2 - , Fe3+ , Fe2+ , As3+ , Se4+ and Bi3+ . The As3+ ion had the most interesting course of all the interferents and could be used as a suitable additive to increase the sensitivity of antimony determination.
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Development of HPLC separation of astaxanthin, β-carotene and lutein
Hrubcová, Kateřina ; Nováková, Eliška (advisor) ; Kozlík, Petr (referee)
This bachelor's thesis deals with the development of a method for the separation of carotenoid pigments, especially astaxanthin, β-carotene and lutein, produced by the microscopic green alga Tetracystis pulchra. The work compares published methods for the separation of carotenoid pigments and attempts to optimize a method suitable for the analysis of pigment extracts from Tetracystis pulchra cells. Optimized conditions for HPLC-DAD separation of carotenoid pigments were as follows: mobile phase A - ACN/MeOH/0,05M Tris-HCl buffer (pH = 8,0): 94/2/4, mobile phase B - MeOH/EtOAc: 68/32 under gradient elution, flow rate 0,25 ml min˗1 , column temperature 28 řC. The column used was Kinetex C18 (100 × 2,1 mm, 2,6 µm), injection volume was 20 µl and UV detection was performed at 470 nm. Total analysis time was 23 minutes. Key words: HPLC, astaxanthin, β-carotene, lutein
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Photochemical vapor generation of rhenium with a detection by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry
Hašlová, Karolína ; Musil, Stanislav (advisor) ; Nováková, Eliška (referee)
This bachelor thesis deals with an optimization of the conditions of photochemical vapor generation of rhenium with detection by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Photochemical vapor generation was realized using an ultraviolet irradiation in a high-efficiency photochemical reactor with an inner reaction channel from a formic acid based medium in presence of reaction modifiers. Optimizations of parameters affecting the generation efficiency was implemented step by step - reaction medium flow rate (irradiation time), formic acid concentration, addition of acetic acid and reaction modifiers (transition metals) and carrier gas flow rate. The addition of an appropriate combination of reaction modifiers - cadmium(II) and iron(II) ions, had a key impact on photochemical generation of volatile species of Re and led to more than 40-fold increase in generation efficiency. A further (2-fold) increase in generation efficiency was achieved by wrapping the high-efficiency photochemical reactor with an aluminum foil, probably due to more efficient irradiation of the sample in the generator. The limit of detection and quantification were determined as 0.24 ng dm-3 and 0.80 ng dm-3 Re, respectively. The repeatability of the method 100 ng dm-3 Re was 4.8%. Key words photochemical vapor generation,...
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Determination of selected metals in tea samples and bag materials
Hlávka, Jan ; Nováková, Eliška (advisor) ; Hraníček, Jakub (referee)
This bachelor thesis is dealing with determination of antimony in materials modern pyramid-shape tea bags. Possible presence of antimony in these materials, e.g. polyethylene terephthalate (PET) or mixed materials, is caused by using it like catalyst in production of polyethylene terphthalete. The goal of this bachelor thesis is the verification of hypothesis, that antimony is present in materials of pyramide tea bags and that it is released to consumed drink, if higher concentration of antimony is present, and that it could pose a health risk to the consumer. At the same time, I studied if tea leaves are contaminated by other toxic elements, from which some can result from intesive agricultural production. They can be used as pesticides or be presnet in industrial fertilizers. In this thesis I examined the content of As, Cd, Cu, Sb and Zn in tea leaves sold in pyramide bags. These pyramide bags were purchased in local supermarkets and shops. The content of Sb in bags was determined too. The applied method included the decomposition of samples in a microwave decomposition device and analysis of the composition of the resulting solution by the ICP-MS method. Determined contents of the investigated elements were expressed like content of element in the sample in dry mass and the results were compared...
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Generation of zinc volatile species for determination by atomic spectrometry
Dlouhá, Kateřina ; Nováková, Eliška (advisor) ; Kratzer, Jan (referee)
This diploma thesis deals with the determination of zinc by volatile species generation with detection by atomic absorption or fluorescence spectrometry. Volatile zinc species are generated using hydrochloric acid and sodium borohydride stabilized with sodium hydroxide. Conditions influencing the generation and atomization of volatile species were optimized, namely hydrochloric acid concentration, sodium borohydride concentration, sodium hydroxide concentration, hydrochloric acid flow rate, sample loop volume, reaction coil volume, frit porosity in a gas-liquid separator, argon and hydrogen flow rates, and last, the temperature to which the quartz atomizer is heated. Under the optimal conditions, the detection limit of 33 μg·l−1 and the limit of determination of 110 μg·l−1 were reached. It was found that the addition of various reagents (especially 8-hydroxyquinoline) can increase the generation efficiency. With the addition of 1 % (m/V) 8-hydroxyquinoline to the standard/sample the limit of detection was 4 μg·l−1 and the limit of quantification was 12 μg·l−1 . Using an atomic fluorescence spectrophotometer as the detector, the standard reference material was analyzed and good match with the certified concentration value was found, the certified zinc concentration value in the reference material is...
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Job satisfaction of teaching staff at primary and secondary schools in the Vysočina region
Nováková, Eliška ; Tureckiová, Michaela (advisor) ; Šafránková, Jana Marie (referee)
The diploma thesis deals with the job satisfaction of pedagogical employees working in elementary and high schools in the Vysočina Region. The main goal of the thesis is to ascertain how are the pedagogical employees in the elementary and high schools of the Vysočina District overall satisfied with individual aspects of the selected outside factors of job satisfaction. The next goal of the thesis is to compare job satisfaction of pedagogical employees in the individual aspects of the selected outside factors. In the theoretical part, the thesis is focused on the theories of job satisfactions and the relationship between job satisfaction and work performance. Furthermore, the thesis deals with selected outside factors, which influence job satisfaction. The investigation is carried out in the selected elementary and high schools in the Vysočina Region. To obtain the necessary data, a non-standardized questionnaire of job satisfaction was created, which was then filled in by 149 teachers of both elementary and high schools in the Vysočina Region. The statistical compilation of the data showed, that the teachers of the selected elementary and high schools of the Vysočina Region are satisfied in their job. On the other hand, the research confirmed differences in the degree of satisfaction based of the...
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