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Screening for systemic amyloidoses in endoscopic biopsy samples.
Květoň, Martin ; Nachtigal, Petr (advisor) ; Němečková, Ivana (referee)
Charles University in Prague Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Biological and Medical Sciences Diploma thesis Candidate: Bc. Martin Květoň Branch of study: Specialist in Laboratory Methods Supervisor: prof. PharmDr. Petr Nachtigal, Ph.D. Title: Screening for systemic amyloidoses in endoscopic biopsy samples BACKGROUND Systemic amyloidoses constitute a complex and heterogeneous group of serious diseases that result from protein misfolding and whose common feature is the deposition of pathological protein substances (amyloid) in the extracellular space of tissues. Diagnostics of amyloidoses is based on histopathological examination of tissue samples and direct demonstration of the presence of amyloid deposits. The overall purpose of this diploma thesis was to create, apply and subsequently evaluate a screening program focused on systemic amyloidoses. METHODS In the first part of the experimental study, available staining techniques used for the detection of amyloid deposits in the tissue were compared. The second part of the experimental study consisted of performing screening examinations on endoscopic biopsy samples of the gastrointestinal tract. RESULTS Based on the results of comparison, a method employing the Sirius red F3B dye was chosen as a suitable screening technique....
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Soluble endoglin effects on endothelial dysfunction markers in mice
Bountalis, Konstantinos - Spyridon ; Nachtigal, Petr (advisor) ; Prašnická, Alena (referee)
Charles University Department of Biological and Medical Sciences Candidate: Konstantinos Bountalis Supervisor: prof. PharmDr. Petr Nachtigal, Ph.D. Title of diploma thesis: Soluble endoglin effects on endothelial dysfunction markers in mice Endothelial dysfunction is associated with modification of endothelial cells amount failing to maintain vascular homeostasis and result in variable pathological inflammatory states as well as in progression of vascular damage. Particularly its state is characterized by high expression of cell adhesion molecules, reduction of vasodilation and accumulation of cholesterol molecules. The purpose of this study is to detect soluble endoglin effects on the expression of VCAM-1 and ICAM-1 in aorta in mice. The experiment was accomplished utilizing specific immunohistochemical methods for the detection of expression of selected adhesion molecules. High fat diet administration resulted in development of mild hypercholesterolemia in mice in both groups. High levels of soluble endoglin however did not significantly affect the expression of VCAM-1 and ICAM-1 in aortic endothelium when compared to mice with low levels of soluble endoglin. The results of this study did not show pro-inflammatory effects of soluble endoglin in aorta in mice.
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Exercise as Medicine. Growth Hormone Response to High-intensity Interval Training
Bažantová, Michaela ; Nachtigal, Petr (advisor) ; Hronek, Miloslav (referee)
Charles University Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Kralove Department of Biological and Medical Sciences Student: Michaela Bažantová Supervisor: Ass. Prof. Petr Nachtigal, Ph.D. Title of Diploma thesis: Exercise as Medicine: Growth Hormone Response to High- -intensity Interval Training The present research focused on growth hormone response to exercise is part of a wider project related to the beneficial effect of high-intensity interval training and therefore is related to the topic of "exercise as medicine". We hypothesized that as shown by Booth et al, in several systems of our organism (such as the cardiovascular system, skeletal system etc.) our genome is maladapted, because of our reduced physical activity compared to our ancestors. Therefore, also the growth hormone response (GH) to exercise is decreased. Several mechanisms, such as increased lactate concentration in blood, increased hydrogen ion concentration in the blood, afferent signals from muscle metabolic receptors etc., have been proposed as stimuli for the GH response to exercise. The aim of the present research is the study of a possible metabolic stimulus of a relative muscular hypoxia, which is the ratio between energy demand and oxygen availability, as the main regulator of the growth hormone production.
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Screening for systemic amyloidoses in endoscopic biopsy samples.
Květoň, Martin ; Nachtigal, Petr (advisor) ; Němečková, Ivana (referee)
Charles University in Prague Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Biological and Medical Sciences Diploma thesis Candidate: Bc. Martin Květoň Branch of study: Specialist in Laboratory Methods Supervisor: prof. PharmDr. Petr Nachtigal, Ph.D. Title: Screening for systemic amyloidoses in endoscopic biopsy samples BACKGROUND Systemic amyloidoses constitute a complex and heterogeneous group of serious diseases that result from protein misfolding and whose common feature is the deposition of pathological protein substances (amyloid) in the extracellular space of tissues. Diagnostics of amyloidoses is based on histopathological examination of tissue samples and direct demonstration of the presence of amyloid deposits. The overall purpose of this diploma thesis was to create, apply and subsequently evaluate a screening program focused on systemic amyloidoses. METHODS In the first part of the experimental study, available staining techniques used for the detection of amyloid deposits in the tissue were compared. The second part of the experimental study consisted of performing screening examinations on endoscopic biopsy samples of the gastrointestinal tract. RESULTS Based on the results of comparison, a method employing the Sirius red F3B dye was chosen as a suitable screening technique....
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Soluble endoglin effects on endothelial dysfunction markers in mice
Bountalis, Konstantinos - Spyridon ; Nachtigal, Petr (advisor) ; Prašnická, Alena (referee)
Charles University Department of Biological and Medical Sciences Candidate: Konstantinos Bountalis Supervisor: prof. PharmDr. Petr Nachtigal, Ph.D. Title of diploma thesis: Soluble endoglin effects on endothelial dysfunction markers in mice Endothelial dysfunction is associated with modification of endothelial cells amount failing to maintain vascular homeostasis and result in variable pathological inflammatory states as well as in progression of vascular damage. Particularly its state is characterized by high expression of cell adhesion molecules, reduction of vasodilation and accumulation of cholesterol molecules. The purpose of this study is to detect soluble endoglin effects on the expression of VCAM-1 and ICAM-1 in aorta in mice. The experiment was accomplished utilizing specific immunohistochemical methods for the detection of expression of selected adhesion molecules. High fat diet administration resulted in development of mild hypercholesterolemia in mice in both groups. High levels of soluble endoglin however did not significantly affect the expression of VCAM-1 and ICAM-1 in aortic endothelium when compared to mice with low levels of soluble endoglin. The results of this study did not show pro-inflammatory effects of soluble endoglin in aorta in mice.
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Diagnostics of Hodgkin's lymphoma
Gabriel, Kamila ; Nachtigal, Petr (advisor) ; Němečková, Ivana (referee)
AUTHOR Kamila Gabriel TITLE Diagnosis of Hodgkin's lymphoma DEPARTMENT Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Biological and Medical Sciences SUPERVISOR prof. PharmDr. Petr Nachtigal, Ph.D. ABSTRACT In 2015, almost three thousand of new cases of leukemias and lymphomas were reported and 1751 patients died from these cancers in the Czech Republic. Out of these, 277 cases (9 %) and 60 deaths (3.5 %) were related to Hodgkin's lymphoma (HL). In Hodgkin's lymphoma the tumor cells comprise only a small minority of the involved tissue. Two distinct groups of HL are recognized: Classical Hodgkin's Lymphoma (CHL), further divided into four subtypes, and Nodular Lymphocyte-Predominant Hodgkin's Lymphoma (NLPHL). CHL affects primarily cervical lymph nodes of young adults and may spread to other sites. The prognosis is very good with 80-90 % of patients being cured by radiotherapy and multiagent chemotherapy. However, these patients are at a significant risk of secondary malignancies. NLPHL, which constitutes about 5 % of HL, affects primarily cervical and axillary lymph nodes of patients between 30 and 40 years of age. Usually, the progression is slow and the tumor shows excellent sensitivity to therapy. When a suspicion of lymphoproliferative disease arises it is recommended...
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Early changes in eNOS and ICAM-1 expression in mice aorta after administration of high fat diet.
Stehlíková, Tereza ; Nachtigal, Petr (advisor) ; Blažíčková, Kateřina (referee)
Charles University Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Kralove Department of Biological and Medical Sciences Consultant: Associate Professor, Petr Nachtigal, Ph.D. Candidate: Tereza Stehlíková Title of Thesis: Early changes in eNOS and ICAM-1 expression in mice aorta after administration of high fat diet Background: The aim of this thesis was to observe changes in eNOS a ICAM-1 expression after administration of high fat diet in comparison with the control group, which was fed with the chow diet. Method: C57BL/6J female mice were used for the experiment. 6 mice were fed with the high fat diet (experimental group), which contains 1,25 % of cholesterol and 40 % of fat, for the period of 3 months. Six mice (representing control group) were fed with the chow diet the whole time. Immunohistochemical analysis was performed by means of avidin-biotin complex method. Results: The expression of eNOS was visible on the vascular endothelium but there were no differences between the control group and the experimental group. Similarly, ICAM-1 expression was detected only in endothelium in aorta but no differences in the expression between control and experimental group were visible. Conclusions: Administration of high fat diet with 1,25 % of cholesterol and 40 % of fat for 3 months had no effect on the expression of...
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Western blot analysis of selected inflammatory markers in aorta of apoE/LDLR deficient mice
Krejcarová, Jana ; Rathouská, Jana (advisor) ; Nachtigal, Petr (referee)
Charles University in Prague Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Biological and Medical Sciences Title of Diploma Thesis: Western blot analysis of selected inflammatory markers in aorta of apoE/LDLR deficient mice Author: Jana Krejcarová Supervisor: PharmDr. Jana Rathouská, Ph.D. Background: This thesis was focused on the detection and subsequent evaluation of the expression of adhesion molecules ICAM-1, VCAM-1 and COX-2 and P-selectin in mouse aortas. Control and monitored group of mice differed in the genetic material, where monitored group of mice had unfunctional genes for apolipoprotein E and LDL receptor (apoE−/− /LDLR−/− ). Methods: For the study, two months old male mice of the C57BL/6J strain were used. Males were divided into two groups - control and monitored with unfunctional receptor for low- density lipoprotein and for apolipoprotein E. Both groups were fed by a standard diet for rodents. For detection and subsequent quantification of the expression of the markers VCAM-1, ICAM-1, COX-2 and P-selectin, Western blot analysis was used. Levels of soluble ICAM-1 and P-selectin in plasma were assessed by Luminex®. Results: Western blot analysis showed no significant difference in the expression of VCAM-1, ICAM-1, COX-2 and P-selectin between both groups of mice. Using the...
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Monitoring the effect of statins and soluble endoglin on markers of endothelial dysfunction in selected cell line and culture.
Vařejčková, Michala ; Nachtigal, Petr (advisor) ; Štěrba, Martin (referee) ; Mladěnka, Přemysl (referee)
Charles University Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Kralove Department of Biological and Medical Sciences Candidate: Mgr. Michala Vařejčková Supervisor: Prof. PharmDr. Petr Nachtigal, Ph.D. Title of Doctoral Thesis: Monitoring the effect of statins and soluble endoglin on markers of endothelial dysfunction in selected cell line and culture. This doctoral thesis studied the effect of soluble endoglin on endothelial dysfunction markers in vitro in primary cell culture HUVEC and cell line HEK293T. Some experiments included in this thesis were made in cooperation in the laboratory of prof. Carmelo Bernabeu in the research center Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas (CIB) in Madrid. Endothelial dysfunction is damage of endothelium when the balance between vasoconstrictor and vasodilatory mechanisms is disrupted, it's leading to platelet aggregation, leukocyte adhesion and increased permeability of the endothelium. All these events represent the first step in the development of atherosclerosis and they are part of other cardiovascular diseases such as preeclampsia, type 2 diabetes mellitus, familial hypercholesterolemia. An important role in these diseases play endoglin, eNOS and soluble endoglin (sEng), which is cleaved by MMP- 14 from the membrane endoglin and released into the circulation. It was found...
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Tissue and soluble endoglin relation to the endothelial dysfunction and possible treatment
Blažíčková, Kateřina ; Nachtigal, Petr (advisor) ; Blaha, Vladimír (referee) ; Mičuda, Stanislav (referee)
Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Biological and Medical Sciences Candidate: Msc. Katerina Blazickova Supervisor: Assoc. Prof. PharmDr. Petr Nachtigal, Ph.D. Title of Doctoral Thesis: Tissue and soluble endoglin relation to the endothelial dysfunction and possible treatment Atherosclerosis is a complex inflammatory disease and it represents a major source of morbidity and mortality in the world as a part of cardiovascular diseases. Endothelial dysfunction represents the first step in the development of atherosclerosis and it is characterized by disruption of endothelial homeostasis. Statins are drugs of choice in the treatment of atherosclerosis and they can decrease LDL cholesterol levels and positively affect levels of HDL cholesterol. Statins, however have a wide range of other effects, which are referred to non-lipid or pleotropic effects. The most important non-lipid effects of statins are lipid- independent modulation of endothelial function, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antithrombogenic and antiproliferative effects. The most widely used animal model for the study of atherosclerosis is the mouse model. Thanks to a high fat diet and genetic modification, we are able to modify lipid profile in mice and induce atherosclerotic changes even at...
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