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Automated area measurement of precipitation intensity via a network of microwave links
Bubniak, Milan ; Pospíšil, Ondřej (referee) ; Musil, Petr (advisor)
Point-to-point microwave links can be utilized as a large sensor network to measure rainfall. This work deals with the application of this procedure in practice. The first part of the thesis deals with atmospheric precipitation in general and standard methods of their measurement; and the propagation of the microwave signal and various causes of its attenuation, focusing on the attenuation caused by rain and the recommendation ITU-R P.838. This is followed by a state of the art summarization of the measurement of rainfall by microwave links. In the second part of the work, a manual procedure for calculating rainfall from microwave link data is performed, taking wet antenna attenuation into account. Then the creation of a support tool in the C# language is being described, which supply the data to the functions of the RAINLINK rainfall calculation library. Several rainfall calculations that are validated by physical rain gauges are performed. Furthermore, the own Telcorain application for rainfall calculation is created in the Python language, based on the pycomlink library. It has a graphical user interface created in PyQt. Several rainfall calculations validated by rain gauges are performed again, and the results are compared with the RAINLINK library.
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HW platform for surveillance over maritime container transport
Roško, Tomáš ; Možný, Radek (referee) ; Musil, Petr (advisor)
The complexity of international transportation is increasing, and with that, the logistics requirements also increase: such as the need to monitor containers’ location or measure inside conditions. Despite these demands, marine transportation faces specific technical problems, such as the need for sending data precisely, often, and with low energy consumption. This paper aims to create a monitoring device that meets the demands of marine transportation. The device combines satellite and mobile networks to control the container location and, at the same time, allows for precise pinpointing of place and availability of access while having low battery consumption. The theoretical part of the paper explains the process of selecting components and justification of the process with regard to market options. The practical part contains a diagram of the connection of the modules and sensors. Next, the design and manufacture of the printed circuit board and custom 3D printed box are discussed. The software part deals with data protocol and the description of the application, which is then tested with a particular focus on measuring and transmitting the values onto the server.
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Hardware acceleration of object detection in images
Musil, Petr ; Chalmers, Alan (referee) ; Kadlec, Jiří (referee) ; Zemčík, Pavel (advisor)
V dnešní době je patrný nárůst počtu kamer a dohledových systémů ve veřejném prostoru. Množství informací které tato zařízení produkují je enormní a není v lidských silách je všechny vyhodnotit a interpretovat. Použití výpočetních technologií je nezbytné. Moderní algoritmy počítačového vidění již dosahují skvělých výsledků, jejich širšímu použití v praxi zatím brání nízký výkon zařízení a vysoké požadavky na výpočetní zdroje a energii. Jednou z možností je využití vysokého paraelního výkonu FPGA pro efektivní zpracování těchto algoritmů. Cílem této disertační práce je představit navržené metody optimalizace detektoru objektů v obraze běžících na FPGA. Tyto detektory využívají boostovatelné soft kaskády klasifikátorů spolu s lokálními obrazovými příznaky, které slouží jako slabé klasifikátory. Navržené postupy využívají sekvenční vyhodnocení slabých klasifikátoru. Pro zvýšení výkonu detekce je vyhodnocováno současně více pozic v obraze. Je navržen nový přístup pro detekci objektů různé velikosti nevyžadující externí paměť. Vytvořené detektory byly experimentálně ověřeny na úlohách detekce obličejů a poznávacích značek automobilů. Dosažená výsledky překonávají současný stav poznání, umožňují vytvořit detektory objektů s vyšším detekčním výkonem, lepším poměrem výkonu a spotřebovaných zdrojů FPGA a s lepší přesností detekce.
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International system of football: international migration of Czech football players and the role of players' agents
Musil, Petr ; Novotný, Josef (advisor) ; Flemr, Libor (referee)
The aim of the thesis is to bring more insight into the international organization of football. The scope of the analysis is the institutional framework of football and migration of professional football players. And in particular functioning and struggle between and within the world's football governing body FIFA and the EU. More stress is devoted to the process of migration of players at the global as well as European levels, and the structural development of the migration of the Czech players abroad. The former is analyzed for the last few years, while the latter between the seasons of 1993/94 and 2007/08. The focus is also given to the study of mechanism of international migration, which tries to reveal the role of the FIFA player's agents in the international transfers of the Czech players. The results of this work are based on data obtained from the internet databases containing information about foreign engagement of players and on a number of interviews with the Czech FIFA players' agents and their assistants. These were organized by the author during his original research. The analysis shows that the football's labour markets are more of regional than global character and are determined by the geographic, cultural and historical conditions. Moreover the analysis depicts that for the structure of...
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Incubation effort in Common Pochard and its determinants
Drekslerová, Šárka ; Hořák, David (advisor) ; Musil, Petr (referee)
Incubation of avian eggs is an energy demanding process. Incubating parent faces a conflict between investment into optimal thermal conditions for developig embryos and meeting of own energy requirements. This applies especially in uniparental incubators such as ducks. During incubation, female utilizes energy from fat storage or actual food intake. The proportion of energy used from food than may reflect the time spent by female on the nest. The utilizing of these both sources ratio plays a role in time spent on nest. The aim of the thesis was to describe an incubation rhythm in females of Common Pochard (Aythya ferina) and relate them to climatic variables and changes in body mass. Data were collecetd for three years in the Poodříí Landscape Protected Area at free-living females. We placed a weighting mechanism under the nest with conected datalogger recording voltage variations, which offered me an information about female body mass and time and duration of recesses. Incubation rhytm of females was described by time spent on time ("incubation constancy"), recess frequency and recess duration. Females left the nest most grequently at night-time and during dawn and dusk. Probable explanation of this pattern is better food availability in the night-time and lower risk of nest predation by predators...
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The long-term changes in migration and movements of Greylag Goose
Podhrazský, Michal ; Musil, Petr (advisor) ; Šťastný, Karel (referee)
8 Abstract PODHRAZSKÝ, M. 2010: The long-term changes in migration and movements of Greylag Goose (Anser anser) in the Czech Republic. MSc thesis. Faculty of Sciences, Charles Univrsity, Prague. Greylag Goose have been ringed in the Czech Republic regularly since 1950. Up to now, 4559 recoveries from 1277 individuals were sampled in 1934 - July 2010. The significant changes in migratory behaviour were found in the last 20 years. Greylag Goose ringed and banded in the Czech Republic skip wintering in Spain, Tunisia and Algeria. There was confirmed north-ward shift in wintering range. Moreover, Atlantic-flyway loses importance for Greylag Goose ringed in the Czech Republic. Spring arrival was recorded early and it was affected by climatic conditions. Nevertheless, also earlier autumn departure of birds ringed in the Czech Republic was confirmed. Hunting scheme (i.e. beginning and closing) of hunting season does not affect migratory distance as well as arrival and departure of Greylag Goose in the Czech Republic. Adult birds arrived early than sub-adult birds, whereas there were no differences in survival rate of those groups. Keywords: Greylag Goose (Anser anser), migration and movements, change in migration, arrival on breeding place, abundance, distribution, survival 1. Úvod Práci o ptačí migraci nelze...
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Supplementations of the Mallard and their impact on wild populations
Pechmanová, Hana ; Musil, Petr (advisor) ; Kreisinger, Jakub (referee)
The Mallard (Anas platyrhynchos) is quite a popular game bird species. In many states, particularly in Europe and North America, captive-rearing and releasing of mallards has become common practice in wildlife management. The aim of these supplementations is to boost the size of hunted populations. More than three million Mallards are released each year. This paper aims to summarize and assess the potential effects of captivity-reared Mallards on the wild populations. Supplementations of mallards pose a threat to the genetic identity and variability of wild populations and may potentially lead to morphological and behavioral changes. Breeding facilities can be source of many pathogens, so supplementations may lead to transmission of these pathogens into wild populations. All the factors mentioned above may thus affect the fitness and population dynamics of wild Mallards. This paper also briefly considers how the releases can affect other species and the environment. This issue is not well studied so more studies and appropriate monitoring are needed for an assessment of the rate of these processes.
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Conspecific brood parasitism: a case study on the common pochard and the barn swallow
Petrželková, Adéla ; Hořák, David (advisor) ; Musil, Petr (referee) ; Guillemain, Matthieu (referee)
Presented thesis is mainly concerned with the conspecific brood parasitism (CBP) in birds. CBP is an alternative reproductive strategy when a parasitic female lay egg or eggs to other (host) female's nest of the same species. Then the parasitic female leaves the host's nest and does not provide any energetic investment in a subsequent parental care. Distinguish parasitic eggs or young is problematic because there are no obvious morphological differences. Thus, the use of molecular method is crucial for proper determination of CBP. CBP can be used as 'a best-of-bad-job' when female does not have her own nest or lost her nest for example through predation. Other option is that female can increase her fecundity ('fecundity enhancement' hypothesis) when she lay parasitic egg/eggs and care about her own clutch afterward. Two different model species were studied. The first one was a precocial diving duck - the common pochard (Aythya ferina; Anseriformes; Anatidae). Protein fingerprinting was used for detection of CBP and for distinguishing between eggs of individual females. It was found that the rate of CBP was relatively high in this species (91%, 72%; Chapter 1, 4). Further results indicated that the host clutch size decreased with the number of parasitic eggs in the clutch. The study of individual...
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