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Unique exposure system for the whole body inhalation experiments with small animals
Večeřa, Zbyněk ; Mikuška, Pavel ; Dočekal, Bohumil ; Vojta, Šimon ; Míšek, Ivan ; Moravec, Pavel ; Smolík, Jiří
The especially inhalation chamber is constructed for chronic exposure studies of small animals to nanoparticles under strictly controlled conditions in frame of project „Study of transport of inhalated nano-sized particles (Pb, Cd) and their allocation in organs“. The inhalation chamber builds from a glass and stainless steel and makes possible long-term inhalation procedures (up to 60 days, 24 hours/day) with up to four discrete groups of mice population (up to 60 individuals each) or of rats population (up to 20 individuals each) under controlled illumination, temperature, relative humidity, doses (0.5 x 106 - 5 x 106 particles/cm3) and size (10-60 nm) of nano-sized particles which are synthesized via aerosol route in a hot wall tube flow reactor using metal organic precursors.
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Fish Welfare in Aquaculture.
MORAVEC, Pavel
Welfare of fish in aquaculture is a review. This study is focused on full evaluation of the welfare. In the first part of the study is dedicated to the welfare expression and to the gradual historic development of the problems. In next parts, the study deals with the fish welfare, which has been rapidly developed recently. The fundamental question for the welfare of fish is disussed - if fish can feel pain and suffering. Next chapter turns attention to stress, which serves as one of the indicators for the welfare quality. The thesis sums basic ways of fish welfare measurement among which belongs, for example, a cortisol and glucose coefficient in fish blood, which is changing due to the size of stress factors. There are mentioned some different approaches to measuring the welfare. A large part of the thesis is devoted to the potential places of threat to welfare. There are described critical points in fish handling and transportation. This study also analyzes water quality, stocking density and killing fish. The last part is devoted to the welfare of fish in different systems. Welfare of fish is here observed in different areas such as sport fishing, aquaculture, fish in aquariums, scientific research and fish in open waters. The end of the thesis provides some suggestions for further scientific research into fish welfare.
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Aerosol Nanoparticles Formed during Plasma Deposition
Ždímal, Vladimír ; Moravec, Pavel ; Doležal, B. ; Brožek, Vlastimil ; Neufuss, Karel
Results of pilot-plant experiments on a plasmatron WSPR constructed at the Institute of IPP AS CR are shown in this paper, dealing with plasma deposition of the ultrafine and fine aerosol fractions of some metallic materials. In this work we concentrated on its side-product investigating the ultrafine particles released during the process into the aerosol phase. The aerosol particle size distribution was studied in a near real time using the state-of-the-art aerosol spectrometers operated by the ICPF AS CR. It was verified that these instruments are able to take aerosol samples in the close vicinity of a high-temperature plasma and still provide sensible results. In the present work we discussed the possibility to produce aerosol nanoparticles of a defined composition and properties by the plasmatron technique.
Fulltext:  PDF
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Nonequilibrium condensation processes in steam turbines in the light of new measurements of heterogeneous particles
Hrubý, Jan ; Kolovratník, M. ; Ždímal, Vladimír ; Bartoš, Ondřej ; Moravec, Pavel ; Jiříček, I.
In a steam turbine, droplets are formed either homogeneously or via heterogeneous nucleation on pre-existing heterogeneous particles. In a pioneering work, the present team developed a system to measure the number and size of heterogeneous particles down to diameter of 3 nm. This work reports on measurements at Power Plant Prunéřov II. For the first time, the data is at higher parameters (0.27 MPa, 250°C), and the diffusion battery was used to determine the size distribuition of the particles, showing count-mean diameter of about 13 nm.
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