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The Influence of the Point System on the Behavior of drivers in the Czech Republic
Ungr, Ondřej ; Bolcha, Peter (advisor) ; Mirvald, Michal (referee)
This bachelor thesis should research the changes in drivers' behaviour caused by the introduction of the demerit point system in the Czech Republic. The theoretical part deals with an explanation of reactions of drivers and police officers on each other as a result of the tightening of the rules. Based on statistical data, the analysis examines the influence of the demerit point system and the individual factors on death. The analysis disproves a positive influence of the demerit point system implementation on both death rate and the number of traffic violences committed.
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Theory of the Phillip`s curve and its application in selected EU countries
Hladík, Ondřej ; Mirvald, Michal (advisor) ; Chytil, Zdeněk (referee)
This bachelor project deal with practical usage of Phillip`s curve. In theoretical part of my project I will focus on description and development of this economic model. Empirical part will investigate relation between inflation rate and rate of unemployment in choice EU countries and in the Czech Republic during years 1998 -- 2009. I will compare results and try to answer on the question, if it is possible to use Samuelson`s a Solow`s version of Phillip`s curve in current economies. At created graphs I will examine possible similarity with this concept in single periods and I`ll mention similarity with other concepts, too. Final part of bachelor project will be creation of econometric model, which I`ll compare with modified version of Phillip`s curve (Samuelson, Solow) and find out, whether exist interdependence between inflation rate and rate of unemployment, eventually I`ll try to explain model by integration of the other quantity (e.g. adaptive expectation).
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Forecast of the Future Development of the Current Business Crisis Using Tools of the Austrian School of Economics
Sehnalová, Tereza ; Svoboda, Miroslav (advisor) ; Mirvald, Michal (referee)
This paper is based on the theoretical framework given by the Austrian Business Cycle Theory. This theory explains clearly the causes, process and consequences of trade cycles that are inevitable parts of modern economies. Based on this framework, there was built a model trying to illustrate the impact of indicators standing behind the origin of business cycles on production structure of the USA examined on monthly data from years 1984 to 2009. The results of this model are conformable with predictions given by the Austrian Business Cycle Theory. Despite this, it is not possible to predict the future development of the US economy till the end of 2010 using this model, due to many problems that minimize relevance of such forecast. Nevertheless, it is possible to make prediction using the theory explained by the Austrian school of economics.
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Jezdí Sam Peltzman i na motorce?
Šeneklová, Zuzana ; Bartoň, Petr (advisor) ; Mirvald, Michal (referee)
This thesis analyzes an overall impact of regulation prescribing mandatory use of motorcycle helmets on relative frequency of fatal accidents in Lousiana. The estimate of the impact is performed by using modified method "Difference in Differences", assuming common trend of treated and control group and the assumption of exogeneity of change in regulation. Covered period is between years 1994 and 2008, during which two major changes were applied to law in Louisiana -- in 1999 the regulation for bikers aged 18 years had been abolished and in 2004 reestablished. The thesis focuses mainly on the effect of the abolition of the regulation and leads to a result, that the change in regulation had a significant effect on increasing number of fatal accidents. The second part focuses on Peltzman's effect, especially on expression of inverted Peltzmans effect in response to same surveilled change in regulation. It focuses on whether the bikers after the abolition of regulation, which increased driving safety, adjusted to this increased risk by reducing an average speed. Observations show that bikers adjust only immediatly after the change in regulation, after that it is followed by slow but sustained growth in average speed which leads to accidents.
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Impact on GDP and inflation connected with euro adoption
Makovec, Petr ; Mirvald, Michal (advisor) ; Chytil, Zdeněk (referee)
This thesis is focused on year to date performance of common currency euro. Especialy it's impact on main macroeconomic indicators -- GDP and inflation. Analytical part of this study compairs long-term developement of this indicators in countries, which has adopted euro and those who has not. Objective of this thesis is formulation of conclusions, regarding benefits of euro adoption in light of GDP and inflation.
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Milk production quotas and milk vending machines
Veselá, Anna ; Mičúch, Marek (advisor) ; Mirvald, Michal (referee)
The thesis focuses on the regulation of the dairy market. The reason why production quotas were introduced was cost reduction within CAP, as the overproduction was still present and costs of storage were too high. The result of this regulation was reduction in number of cows and shut down of many farms. Besides this low prices of milk were reason as well. Now the price the farmers sell the milk for is about 2 CZK lower than is the production cost. Some farmers decided to purchase a vending machine for milk, where they can sell one litre of milk for 13 -- 15 CZK. I investigate if this investment can help them to improve their economic situation. I come to a conclusion that this way of selling milk is suitable only for small farms.
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The role of the central bank within the framework of endogenous money
Horváthová, Kateřina ; Chytil, Zdeněk (advisor) ; Mirvald, Michal (referee)
Abstract This bachelor thesis discusses the role of the central bank within the framework of the theory of endogenous money. The first part of the thesis gives an overview of the historical development concerning the theory of money: From the quantity theory of money to the new quantity theory of Milton Friedman, concluding with the Keynesain theory of money. The second part focuses on the endogenous theory of money. The third part discusses the role of the central bank in terms of this theory.
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The economics of suburbanization
Třísková, Julie ; Šťastný, Daniel (advisor) ; Mirvald, Michal (referee)
My bachelor thesis focuses on the socio-economical aspects of the development of suburban areas, especially of the recently developed suburbs around bigger cities. This phenomenon (suburbanization) will be investigated in terms of assumtions and incentives on its participants side, but primarily in terms of its impacts. According to the fact that some of the impacts are generally considered as negative, the question is whether it is appropriate to intervene in this process. The aim of this thesis is to find an answer to the question: Is it possible or even appropriate to allow the process of suburbanization to develop without intereventions and if not, how much interevention needed? This thesis will be based on both the studies and surveys from the Czech Republic and observations from the United States where suburbanization has progressed more rapidly.
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Correlation of the economic growth and consumption in the Czech Republic
Škorpil, Marek ; Čermáková, Klára (advisor) ; Mirvald, Michal (referee)
The topic of this work is the correlation of the economic growth and final consumption of households in the Czech Republic during the years 2000 - 2008. This work is concerned with the creation of income and consequent consumer behaviour of households. At the dawn of this period is possible to observe ambiguous trend of average propensity to consume (save) but from the 2004 the average propensity to consume (save) has declined (grown). The aim was to confirm the thesis that household derives its consumption not only from the income level, but also from the nominal interest rates. The presumption was not proved probably due to incorrect specification of the model. In this work, the relation between consumption and GDP is not tested directly, but by using the disposable income. On the basis of the successful testing of dependence between particular variables, this work tries to create a model of consumption dependent on the GDP and disposable income. Due to high collinearity between the independent variables, the presumption wasn't confirmed.
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Vliv OPEC na cenu ropy
Jonák, Ondřej ; Zajíček, Miroslav (advisor) ; Mirvald, Michal (referee)
Tato práce se zabývá schopností Organizace zemí vyvážející ropu (OPEC) ovlivnit cenu ropy. Zabývá se zažitým mýtem, že OPEC dokáže automaticky změnou produkce měnit cenu ropu. Práce se snaží studiem časových řad relevantních pro trh s ropou tento mýtus vyvrátit. Toto studium probíhá ve dvou úrovních ? v krátkém a dlouhém období. V tom krátkém je zkoumán relativní přírůstek ceny ropy jako následku změny kvóty. Je analyzována úspěšnost změn kvót. V dlouhém období je zkoumán korelační koeficient časových řad významných na trhu ropy v období let 1991 ? 2005.
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