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Melnik during the Thirty Years' War
Kilián, Jan ; Maur, Eduard (advisor) ; Ledvinka, Václav (referee) ; Korbelářová, Irena (referee)
The objective of this work has been to provide a comprehensive micro-analytical perspective on a small royal town in centra} Bohemia which has been influenced by its position in the landscape at the convergence of two of the most important rivers in the Czech Republic- the Vltava and Elbe rivers. The focus is on the years between 1618 and 1648, with considerable attention devoted to the developmental aspects of the pre-war and post-war periods. This has been made possible by the exceptional degree of preservation of the town archives, which in contrast to the archives of other Czech towns have not been affected by wide-spread document destruction or shredding. Consequently, the town has preserved for modem times a remarkable material legacy, literally offering the insatiated scholar an opportunity for detailed exploration. The analysis of these materials, primarily divided into books and official documents, has been the focus of attention right from the first chapter, supplemented by alternative sources that are housed in other locations in the Czech Republic. Subsequently, the reader is invited to observe the town of Mělník on the brink of a turbulent period, to become acquainted with its position, monuments, fortifications, the buildings within the town and in the surrounding areas, as well as its...
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History of the town of Janovice nad Úhlavou till 1848. Historical monograph
Lhoták, Jan ; Ebelová, Ivana (advisor) ; Maur, Eduard (referee)
The offered thesis deals with the history of the town Janovice nad Úhlavou until the year 1848, it is the locality situated in the southwestem Bohernia not far from Klatovy. In the first chapter, the author presents a basic overview of the study of the regional history in the Czech countries and its further prospects, then he expands on the heuristic basis, from which he proceeded when elaborating the monograph. After evaluating the geographical conditions of the locality, a prehistoric development of the Klatovy region is observed, which is up to this day impeded by the lack of executed archeological researches. The second chapter deals with medieval colonization of the whole Klatovy region, in which the accent is put on the significance of historical communications which it also describes and evaluates in the framework of the region being explored. On the basis of acquired facts, it subsequently outlines the basic contours of the settlement progress. The fifth chapter already refers directly to the history of the town in the Middle Ages. The appearance of the surrounding country in the past is observed and especially the medieval history of the knight order of Janovští z Janovic. Both the basic farnily line, which owned Janovice nad Úhlavou and builded here a church and a castle, and main features of...
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"He has paid and owes nothing." Aspects of the transaction with the serf estate in the town of Mělník in the 17th century
Koumar, Jiří ; Čechura, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Maur, Eduard (referee) ; Chocholáč, Bronislav (referee)
The thesis deals with the issue of property transfer of servile real estates in the Estate of Melnik during the 17 century. As the main resource material was used the collection of Melnik Books of Land Ownership founded during the 80s of the 16 century. After the Thirty Years' War these books were restored in connection with the afterwar reconstruction of the Estate of Melnik and were published in a new edition until the turn of the 17 and 18 century. Besides these Books of Land Ownership we also studied other kinds of resources such as land and duties registers, land-registries, inventories and estimations which originated in the 17 century with respect to this Estate. In the end of the 17 century was formed a uniquely preserved register of serfs which enables us not only to have better knowledge of the structure of settled farmers themselves but also create the first picture of general structure of servile population in the Estate. In the introduction I tried to place the Estate of Melnik in the structure of Early Modern Times country estates. With the size ranging from medium to smaller the Estate of Melnik was formally as a chamber estate in possession of the Czech king for the most of its development in the period of Early Modern Times. Nevertheless in reality the Estate as a pawned land was held by...
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Pietas bohemica transformata. The transformation of Czech popular religiosity and its sources in the 18th and 19th centuries with special focus on the region of Eastern Bohemia
Nešpor, Zdeněk ; Maur, Eduard (advisor)
The thesis is concemed with the study of Czech popular religiosity during the transition from a "pre-modem", heteroreferential society, through enlightened modemisation transformations, to the beginnings of a modem, autoreferential society. It is because of this, together with the importance of extemal institutional changes, that the author has chosen the period from the so-called Rebellion of Opocno (1732) to the issue of the Protestant Decree (1861), which equalised Protestant churches with those of the Catholics. This period of interest includes the issue of the Tolerance Decree, the development of the Czech national movement, the revolution of 1848, and the issue of the so-called Protestant Provisory. The thesis focuses mainly on the region of Eastem Bohemia, since this contained the highest concentration of secret non-Catholics in the pre-Tolerance period, together with high concentrations of the allowed Protestant confessions (Augsburg and Reformed confessions) and unallowed sectarians later; moreover this area become the most important source of small Protestant churches and transformed the sectarian movement later on. The research has combined historico-sociological and historico-anthropological approaches in order to gain a deeper understanding of the religious ideas of unprivileged sections of the...
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Lesser nobility in the region of Kostelec nad Černými lesy in the era of early modern period
Mrvík, Vladimír Jakub ; Čechura, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Maur, Eduard (referee)
This study should help to recognize the social and economic conditions of life of the lesser nobility in Bohemian Kingdom in the era 1500-1728(1739) shown on the example of lesser nobility in historical region of Kostelec nad Černými lesy near Prague. The common developmental trends, problems and first of all reasons of the dying out of this social group were observed there. Those conclusions were compared with analogical researches from other Bohemian regions. Herewith in present Czech historiography there are very few studies about the pauperisation of bohemian nobility in the late 17th and first of all in 18th century. Finally this study surveys local history of the named region and the micro-historical relationships of the environment of typical aristocratic dominion and its officers. Our observed lesser nobility could be divided into two quality levels - the clerical nobility and the landed nobility.
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Josef Vítězslav Šimák (His life and work with special view to historical homeland study)
Kábová, Hana ; Beneš, Zdeněk (advisor) ; Maur, Eduard (referee) ; Blüml, Josef (referee)
disertační práce KÁBOVÁ, Hana. Josef Vítězslav Šimák (Jeho život a dílo se zvláštním zřetelem k historické vlastivědě // Josef Vítězslav Šimák (His life and work with special view to historical homeland study). Praha: Univerzita Karlova v Praze, Filozofická fakulta, Ústav českých dějin, 2011. Abstract: The academic dissertation includes a detailed biography of J.V. Šimák and a thematic analysis of his work, based on exhaustive study of archival sources and literature. Special attention is paid to the issue of institutionalizing the historical homeland study in the Czech lands and the phenomenon of cultural regionalism, as well as the methodology and institutional bases of the historiography development (university, scientific societies and associations). The academic dissertation deepens and extends current knowledge of the Czech historiography at the end of the 19th and the first half of the 20th centuries. It includes bibliography of Šimák's scientific books, studies, articles, reviews, popularization essays and newspaper contributions. A list of his university and popularization lectures is also attached. Keywords: Czech historiography - historical homeland study - Josef Vítězslav Šimák.
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In the Track of Culture, Nature and Cognition. Foreign Journeys of Bohemian and Austrian Nobility in the Second Half of the 18th and at the Beginning of the 19th Centuries
Binder, Filip ; Maur, Eduard (referee)
This thesis deals with selected foreign journeys of Czech and Austrian nobility in the second half of the 18th and at the beginning 19th centuries and their influences and impacts. In addition to the general passages devoted to the travelling of nobility from the 16th to the middle of the 18th centuries and to the expeditions carried out during the period under review, attention is paid to five persons who have been divided into three groups based on their activities influenced by experience gained in foreign countries. The first of the circuits is connected with creating of landscape parks inspired by the ideas of 18th -century philosophy and expeditions to Great Britain and German territory, where the first picturesque gardens appeared. The relationship between travel and landscaping of the second half of the 18th and early 19th centuries is illustrated by the example of Johann Rudolf Czernin of Chudenice and his parks in Krásný Dvůr, Jemčina, Chudenice and Petrohrad or Alois I. Josef of Liechtenstein, whose name is connected with the arrangement of Lednice-Valtice area. Scientific motivated journeys represent the second group. Leopold I. Berchtold of Uherčice, who collected his knowledge of medicine and actively helped others during his journeys, was chosen as a suitable representative. The...
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The population in the Central Bohemian manor of Škvorec from the middle of the 18th to the end of the 19th century. Knowledge gained using traditional and advanced methods of historical demography and methods of historical sociology.
Janáková Kuprová, Barbora ; Fialová, Ludmila (advisor) ; Maur, Eduard (referee) ; Velková, Alice (referee)
The population in the Central Bohemian manor of Škvorec from the middle of the 18th to the end of the 19th century. Abstract The aim of this study is to analyze the reproductive behavior (nuptiality, natality, female and male fertility, mortality) and the social structure of selected groups of the population of the Škvorec manor in the 18th and 19th century. The Škvorec manor which is located in the territory of today's Central Bohemia was an important agricultural area in given period. The complete nominal excerpts from parish registers were used to find numbers of all births, marriages and deaths. In addition to traditional historical- demography methods (especially the family reconstitution method and subsequent calculation of demographic indicators from family leaves), advanced statistical methods (survival analysis, Cox regression model) were also used for data analysis. These approaches are new in Czech historical demography and bring many advantages, which are presented in the work. The natural change of population development at the manor is compared with the Czech lands as a whole and in more detail with selected rural and urban localities. The results mostly correspond with the population development which was observed in the Czech lands. The number of inhabitants of the manor in the years...
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In the Track of Culture, Nature and Cognition. Foreign Journeys of Bohemian and Austrian Nobility in the Second Half of the 18th and at the Beginning of the 19th Centuries
Binder, Filip ; Maur, Eduard (referee)
This thesis deals with selected foreign journeys of Czech and Austrian nobility in the second half of the 18th and at the beginning 19th centuries and their influences and impacts. In addition to the general passages devoted to the travelling of nobility from the 16th to the middle of the 18th centuries and to the expeditions carried out during the period under review, attention is paid to five persons who have been divided into three groups based on their activities influenced by experience gained in foreign countries. The first of the circuits is connected with creating of landscape parks inspired by the ideas of 18th -century philosophy and expeditions to Great Britain and German territory, where the first picturesque gardens appeared. The relationship between travel and landscaping of the second half of the 18th and early 19th centuries is illustrated by the example of Johann Rudolf Czernin of Chudenice and his parks in Krásný Dvůr, Jemčina, Chudenice and Petrohrad or Alois I. Josef of Liechtenstein, whose name is connected with the arrangement of Lednice-Valtice area. Scientific motivated journeys represent the second group. Leopold I. Berchtold of Uherčice, who collected his knowledge of medicine and actively helped others during his journeys, was chosen as a suitable representative. The...
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