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Libeř. Transformation of microsocial, agricultural, and ecological structure of the village in the Central Bohemia region in the Early modern period
Kucrová, Veronika ; Čechura, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Maur, Eduard (referee)
This Thesis puts mind to population and natural development of village Libeř in Central Bohemia. The first part focuses on demography and follow nuptiality, natality and mortality from the end of 16th till the middle of 19th century. Selected developments are compared with similar and other locality. Fragments offers look to everydayness of Libeř's villagers - strategy of partners selection, choice of childern's names and godfathers, most frequent causes of death in individual age categories etc. The most important fountains for historical demography are church registers and old land registers. Confessional and memorial books are complementary to partial details to concrete people. In this chapter is short development of parishs, which partakes of spiritual government in Libeř. The 2.th. part of Thesis studies changes of natural territory and his usage, formation village borders and image of rural zone. Among monitored problems pertains patrimonial competency to parcels and changes, too. Base of documents are above all written and cartographic fountains - the old land registers, cadasters (Theresian Register, Josephinian Register) and memorial books. From map basis are there the so called Indication Scheme and so called 1.military surveying, digital geologic, aquiculturing and cadastral map sets. Research...
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Information to be found in folk chronicles at the foothills of the Orlické Hory mountains in the 18th century
Svobodová, Ilona ; Maur, Eduard (advisor) ; Horský, Jan (referee)
The goal ofthis Degree Work is to show (through an analysis of eleven folk chronicles originating from the foothi11s of the Orlické Hory Mountains) how country people of that time coped with the rapid course of events in the 18th century - what impression was left on their minds by numerous armed conflicts (the War of Austrian Succession, the Seven Years' War, the Prussian Invasion in 1778 to 1779) that often hit this region, how the people responded to famines, climate fluctuations, celestial phenomena, how they faced up to the disturbance of their traditional way of life and to the disturbance of natural development of the society by the rapid changes caused by the Enlightenment reforms, and last but not least, what they were interested in and what they were thinking about in periods of re1ative quiet. Folk chronic1es are valuable, but for the time being, often neglected sources ofhistorical information that can help lift a little the veil ofless know aspects ofhuman history. By their character, they are subjective, private and unprofessional works often created by people with limited education, of various professions, various social positions, residences (towns, villages), etc. which considerably influenced their records. The beginnings of the interest of the Czech historiography in folk chronicles date...
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Marital migration in urban environment: Náchod 1550-1750
Matyska, Jan ; Zdichynec, Jan (advisor) ; Maur, Eduard (referee)
Presented diploma thesis deals with issues of marital migration in early modern town milieu. By quantitative analysis of written records of marriage contracts and parish registers from Náchod domain (Eastern Bohemia), marriages of Nachod burghers with persons from other localities are tracked. Initially the town itself and the domain of the same name, constituting its hinterland, is characterized by their population and administrative and economic conditions. Then the marital migration is examined by sex and marital status of immigrants, distance and legal status of the place of their origin, or proportion of migration across the boundary of the domain. Apart from the pursuite to describe the main features of the migration phenomenon, the attention is focused on its consequences, which are the issues of integration of immigrant into the community of the town. The final part of the thesis deals with some qualitative aspects of marital migration and its reflection in contemporary ego-documents. Keywords: marital migration; Náchod; town; country; integration; burghers; parish registers; marital contracts; early modern period
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Population development at the manor of Škvorec at the turn of 18th and 19th century
Kuprová, Barbora ; Fialová, Ludmila (advisor) ; Maur, Eduard (referee)
Population development at the manor of Škvorec at the turn of 18th and 19th century Abstract The intention of this study is to analyze the development of natural change of population at the manor of Škvorec at the turn of 18th and 19th century (nuptiality and fertility in the years 1780-1819 and mortality in the years 1780-1869) and to characterize the basic demographic indicators. The nominal excerpts from parish registers was made to find numbers of births, marriages and deaths. Family reconstitution method (based on marriges from the years 1780-1819) was used for these data. The development of natural change at the manor is compared with the results of studies developed for the localities of the Czech lands and particularly with the development of the parish Lochenice and at Budyně nad Ohří. The conclusions mostly confirmed the development in the Czech lands. Comparison with results of Budyně nad Ohří confirmed the different population development in urban and rural areas. Keywords: development of natural change, parish registers, family reconstitution, manor of Škvorec.
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The Testamentary Practice in Jihlava in the Years 1578 - 1624 (Wills as Sources for the History of Family Structures, Historical Demography and Sociotopography)
Jirková, Pavla ; Maur, Eduard (advisor) ; Horský, Jan (referee) ; Sulitková, Ludmila (referee)
THESIS ABSTRACT The subject of the research - the Early Modern burgher will - is viewed in the thesis from the standpoint of family structures, historical demography and sociotopography. The sample of 968 Jihlava wills from the period 1578-1624 were subjected to statistical analysis. Moreover, from a methodological perspective the nature of this research is similar to micro-historical and prosopographical approaches. The aforementioned theme was compared to conclusions of the literature concerning historical demography and family structures (especially English) as well as foreign sociological and anthropological studies. The results of this research were evaluated from the point of view of the annual number of wills as possible indicators of the chief trends in mortality, and possible connections were traced between the number of children named in the testaments and the inheritance system. Given the numerous marriage contracts concluded by testators, the study also looked into the "marriage market" and the duration of marriages. Other questions discussed in the thesis include, for example, family and household positions, disabled people, gender studies and intergenerational property transfer. Finally, in terms of the sociotopographical study, the houses of sorted testators were located within the framework...
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The baroque Waldsteine in Bohemia (1640-1740)
Hrbek, Jiří ; Maur, Eduard (advisor) ; Petráň, Josef (referee) ; Vlnas, Vít (referee)
My thesis describes the evolution of the Waldstein clan in the age of one hundred years after the Thirty Years War. Both termini which I have chosen (1640 and 1740) are not exactly kept because of logic of my constructions. I aspire to commit an integrated and compact view of activities of Waldstein clan, which belonged to an aristocratic class through its property, political power and an amount of social relations. It was one of the most famous and most powerful family structures in early modern Bohemia and in the whole Habsburg monarchy as well. My method combines a lot of approaches including biography (prosopography) and structure analysis. I want to inquire the relations between the Waldstein family and the changing social and political structures, in which they acted. The first part concerns stories of the personalities growing from the clan, their activities in the frame of early modern state and its administration. In the time of 17th and 18th centuries, this activity was connected with the fealty to the ruler and the service for the ruler was an essential assumption for making the career. As courtiers, diplomats and officers, the Waldsteine came up to expectations of their estate. The models of aristocratic careers I have related to the life cycle and I have described the making of...
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Prague's Archbishop Johann Friedrich von Waldstein and his controversy on the Turkish wars taxes (1682-1694)
Havlík, Jiří ; Čornejová, Ivana (advisor) ; Vlnas, Vít (referee) ; Maur, Eduard (referee)
The ann of this thesis of archbishop of Prague Johann Friedrich von Waldstein (1642 - 1694; archbishop 1675-1694) consists in description of conflicts with Czech land assembly and state apparatus in the years 1678, 1679, 1682-1686 and 1691-1694. The last and most important continued also after his death (3'^'* June 1694). That time Czech clergy sent two deputies (further archbishop Daniel Ignatius Mayer of Mayem and abbot of monastery in Plasy Andreas Troyer) to Vienna, to arrange adjustment of a dispount, which culminated on the beginning of the year 1694. Principal chapters of this thesis deal with conflicts in the years 1682-1686 and 1691- 1694 (chapters 4-7). These are based on detailed archive research, especially of sources of 1®' department of National Archives in Czech republic (Archives of archiepiscopate in Prague), Family archives of Waldstein, located in The Regional State Archives in Prague and Archivio Segreto Vaticano in Cittá del Vaticano. Some subsidiary sources I have found also in Archivům Romanům Societatis Jesu, The Regional State Archives in Litoměřice or in Archivio di Pontificia Universita Gregoriana in Italy, Main issue of the thesis shapes four points: First one was the description of main events of the history of Prague archiepiscopate (and in part also of Litoměřice episcopate),...
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The dissolving of the Cistercian monastery in Sedlec (1783-1799)
Snopek, Lukáš ; Maur, Eduard (advisor) ; Tinková, Daniela (referee)
The Cistercian Monastery in Sedlec existed with intermissions in the years 1143-1783/99. The Convent Church of Virgin Mary and St. John the Baptist belongs from 1995 to World Cultural Heritage of UNESCO. During the 20th century were many Czech historians for example Jaromír Čelakovský, Jaroslav Čechura, Kateřina Charvátová, Josef Nuhlíček, Pavel Zahradník and art historians Mojmír Horyna, Karel Chytil, Viktor Kotrba, Jiří Kuthan, Petr Macek, Jaromír Neumann, Zdeněk Wirth interested in history of Sedlec. As for the joungest generation it is possible to mention for exmaple Jana Hynková and Štěpán Vácha. Through the first chapter of the thesis we want to introduce the history of the Monastery as a whole. The last part of the chapter obtains a brief essay about the economic progress. In 1760 Sedlec had around 450 000 rheinisch gulden in debts. The great debts of Monastery were the important cause of the Emperors Josef II decision to cease it (8th August 1783). The second chapter is dealing with the process of the rise of the anti-monastic social atmosphere during the 18th century. Monks lifestyle became incomprehensible especially for the followers of philosophical enlightenment. The economic theoretics thought that the monasteries injured national economy. Inside the Church shared the above said process the so...
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Prevent the big water. Flood control measures issued by public administrative bodies in the late 18th century Bohemia.
Hudeček, Ondřej ; Himl, Pavel (advisor) ; Tinková, Daniela (referee) ; Maur, Eduard (referee)
During the winter of 1783-1784, practically all European states were struck by severe floods. These natural disasters challenged the state bodies and their ability to cope with exceptional situations. At the time, administrative bodies in the Czech lands were undergoing numerous and substantial reforms designed in the spirit of enlightened absolutism to improve efficiency and thus contribute to the "greater good". The aim of all these reforms was to bring security to the lives of people and promote its quality, because this brought advantages for the whole state. Based on an analysis of the preserved archive sources and newspapers examines present dissertation the formation of the state flood prevention in Bohemia in the late eighteen century. From general point of view the aim of my dissertation is to help to better understand the modernisation process in the era of Enlightenment. It departs, i.a. from the findings of French philosopher Michel Foucault and his concept of biopolitics. The dissertation analyses some concrete examples of this biopolitics, such as the struggle of state bodies against every possible irregularity, contingency and risk, that could endangered the wealth of state and its inhabitants, health of people and the social order, promotion of "love for human beings"...
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NATIONAL IDEAS IN THE BAROQUE ERA - IN THE WORKS OF HERMANN CONRING AND BOHUSLAV BALBÍN
Procházková, Dana ; Maur, Eduard (advisor) ; Himl, Pavel (referee) ; Hojda, Zdeněk (referee)
The theme of the dissertation is nationalism in the Early Modern Age and the issue of national identity, its origin and its strengthening in this era, as exemplified by the German and Czech nations. The author concentrates on the manifestations of patriotism in the works of two significant authors - Bohuslav Balbín and Hermann Conring. Both are considered to be significant scholars of the Baroque period, thought to be the intellectual elite of their time. Their works were repeatedly published and greatly influenced contemporary and later scholars, and through them the greater public, as well. The author compares both personalities, i.e. two different nations and beliefs stemming from previous traditions and humanistic scholarship. At the same time, the author concentrated on examples of nationalism from the perspective of general characteristics.
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