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Shaping the identity of a place in relation to historical consciousness
Fojtová, Romana ; Blaive, Muriel (advisor) ; Maur, Eduard (referee) ; Havelka, Miloš (referee)
This thesis deals with Zelów as a place of live of Protestants, whose ancestors left the Czech land after the 1740. The group identified with the Czech Reformed tradition. By the end of the 19 century, they were discovered such as the communitie of fellow countrymen, and therefore the thesis focuses on their descriptions in the press and books. The visits of Jan Auerhan, Vladimír Míčan or Josef Folprecht illustrate the approach of the assistance to fellow countrymen, who perceived them as a lost branch of the Czechs. However, their interpretations were affected by the sight of national glasses, and at the same time they decided to support them in order to avoid assimilation. The second part of the work focused on the repatriation action from Poland to Czechoslovakia. Based on extensive archival research, we interpret the situation and activities of the Society of the Czech Exiles and Returnees from Poland, which helped Czech evangelicals abroad who, despite their wishes, were not settled in one place, but on the contrary scattered to the border area. The last part of the dissertation presents an interpretation of the term "exile tradition" by Edita Štěříková and several Diaries, in which we show how life in Zelów was remembered, how they described it, what they emphasized. At the same time, in the...
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Thirty Years War and development of the countryside social structure on the manor of Brandýs nad Labem in 16th-18th century
Šulc, Jaroslav ; Maur, Eduard (advisor) ; Čechura, Jaroslav (referee)
Výzkum venkovské společnosti v období raného novověku náleží již více než jedno století k frekventovaným tématům českého dějepisectví a v jeho vývoji lze vymezit několik etap. Nelze se přitom omezovat jen na nástin proměn heuristické základny, interpretačních modelů a metodické výbavy agrárních dějepisců, ale ve stejné míře je třeba věnovat pozornost také širšímu sociokulturnímu rámci, v němž historická věda a její představitelé ve své době působili, a který více či méně předurčoval tematickou skladbu výzkumu i způsoby konstruování jeho výsledkú. Pevné zakotvení historiografie v dobových společenských procesech se již od první fáze soustavného zájmu o agrární problematiku projevovalo v periodizaci a konceptualizaci jejího výkladu, který, ať už souhlasně či polemicky, navazoval na dualistickou dějinnou koncepci Františka Palackého, a byl tak od počátku svázán s procesem politické emancipace českého národa a jeho ideovou legitimizací. 1 Výsledkem bylo, že se ústředním tématem či alespoň pozadím takřka všech diskusí stala otázka degradace sociální pozice venkovského obyvatelstva, příčin tohoto jevu, jeho časového prúběhu a obsahové náplně. Rozdílné postoje k řešení této otázky u jednotlivých badatelú pak byly zpúsobeny proměnami situačního kontextu, dúrazem na váhu rúzných kulturních prvků, ale také...
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Lesser nobility in the region of Kostelec nad Černými lesy in the era of early modern period
Mrvík, Vladimír Jakub ; Čechura, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Maur, Eduard (referee)
This study should help to recognize the social and economic conditions of life of the lesser nobility in Bohemian Kingdom in the era 1500-1728(1739) shown on the example of lesser nobility in historical region of Kostelec nad Černými lesy near Prague. The common developmental trends, problems and first of all reasons of the dying out of this social group were observed there. Those conclusions were compared with analogical researches from other Bohemian regions. Herewith in present Czech historiography there are very few studies about the pauperisation of bohemian nobility in the late 17th and first of all in 18th century. Finally this study surveys local history of the named region and the micro-historical relationships of the environment of typical aristocratic dominion and its officers. Our observed lesser nobility could be divided into two quality levels - the clerical nobility and the landed nobility.
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History of the town of Janovice nad Úhlavou till 1848. Historical monograph
Lhoták, Jan ; Ebelová, Ivana (advisor) ; Maur, Eduard (referee)
The offered thesis deals with the history of the town Janovice nad Úhlavou until the year 1848, it is the locality situated in the southwestem Bohernia not far from Klatovy. In the first chapter, the author presents a basic overview of the study of the regional history in the Czech countries and its further prospects, then he expands on the heuristic basis, from which he proceeded when elaborating the monograph. After evaluating the geographical conditions of the locality, a prehistoric development of the Klatovy region is observed, which is up to this day impeded by the lack of executed archeological researches. The second chapter deals with medieval colonization of the whole Klatovy region, in which the accent is put on the significance of historical communications which it also describes and evaluates in the framework of the region being explored. On the basis of acquired facts, it subsequently outlines the basic contours of the settlement progress. The fifth chapter already refers directly to the history of the town in the Middle Ages. The appearance of the surrounding country in the past is observed and especially the medieval history of the knight order of Janovští z Janovic. Both the basic farnily line, which owned Janovice nad Úhlavou and builded here a church and a castle, and main features of...
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Monasteries in Danger. Disputes about Liquidation of Czech and Moravian Monasteries of the "Old Orders" in the Period before the Battle of White Mountain
Chládek, Oldřich ; Čechura, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Maur, Eduard (referee) ; x, (referee)
Liquidation of monasteries in the era of Reformations is a phenomenon which has been studied only to a certain level. There were very many cases of abolished or liquidated monasteries. The author concentrates only on two cases (Augustinian canonries in Kłodzko and Olomouc) where efforts to liquidate a monastery were met with resistance from the community or monastic structures. It is a multilayered topic, requiring a thorough analysis. Due to the fact that these disputes were interfered by a number of influential personalities (supreme provincial officials, nuncios, bishops, superiors of monastic orders etc.), it represents an ideal material to study the relationships within the high society in the era before the Battle of White Mountain. Besides the high politics we can also focus on other aspects - such as legal arguments of the conflicting parties or linguistic, art historical or theological layer. After research not only in Czech, but also in foreign archives (e.g. Rome, Kraków, Kłodzko, Wrocław, Vienna), the author refills or corrects older conclusions (Jan Tenora, Aloys Bach etc.). He also tries to verify the theory that within the Catholic Church those monasteries were abolished which were - in the economic and also spiritual layer - in a state of deep crisis.
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The conflict between the town of Turnov and the counts of Waldstein at the beginning of the 18th century. A contribution to the study of subjugate-authority relationships
Boháček, Jan ; Maur, Eduard (advisor) ; Čechura, Jaroslav (referee)
The relationships between subjects and authorities are well observable in times of their mutual conflict. That was when controversial and conflicting topics had to be defined; moreover, an open dispute left a more evident trace in the written sources. An extensive body of literature already exists on disputes between subjects and authorities in rural contexts. Considerable focus has been on the serf rebellions in the 17th and 18th centuries. To the contrary, little research has been done into the topic of the relationships between tributary towns and their authorities in the Post-Bílá Hora period. The fundamental obstruction has been the individual conditions in the respective towns, the more complex social structures of towns compared to the countryside, and last but not least, the amount of sources that remain yet to be worked on.
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Czech baroque coronations
Hrbek, Jiří ; Maur, Eduard (advisor) ; Hojda, Zdeněk (referee)
The Bohemian coronations in the baroque period certainly ranked among the most significant politi cal events in the entire Habsburg monarchy in the 17th and 18th centuries. In my study, I tried to compare the coronations of Ferdinand III. (1627), of his two sons Ferdinand IV. (1646) and Leopold I. (1656) and of Leopolďs son Charles Vl. (1723). I discussed four spheres, in which we can see these events. The first one was the political sphere: after the battle on the White Mountain, Bohemia became a hereditary monarchy, so it was never more necessary for Habsburgs to deal with the Bohemian estates, when the son of the King should be coronated. But the vote of the new king was only one limitation of the King's power, another limitations, which originated from the early modem political philosophy, continued further in the baroque period. There was no responsibility to the estates, but King was responsible to the God and to this effect he took an oath during the coronation mass before the unction. When the archbishop of Prague as a consecrator was pouring the holy oil with balsam ( chrisma) on the head of the King, he received the Goď s Grace like the jewish kings of the Old Testament (David, Salomon). The coronation connected the politics with the religion and only after the unction the King could receive the...
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Inventories of inheritance of the early modem period nobility in the Principate of Opava and Krnov as a source of history of every-dayness (1650-1740)
Mašitová, Petra ; Čechura, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Fukala, Radek (referee) ; Maur, Eduard (referee)
Inventories of inheritance of the early modem period nobility in the Principate of Opava and Krnov as a source ofhistory of every-dayness The universa! analysis and comparison of nobility's inventories of inheritance is an object of the work. Concemed inventories were built in years 1650-1740, the bottom limit is given by the end of Thirty Y ears' War (late leave of Swedish garrisons from north Moravian and Salesian region) and the top limit corresponds with dividing of Salesian principalities after the lost War of the Austrian Succession. Time definition of the work deliberately ignores year 1620, which is much too stressed as an important marker by Czech historiography. From geographical point of view we cover the region of Czech Silesia, namely historie principalities of Opava and Krnov. The resources' base consists of agenda, which is located in Land archive in Opava, in the fund District executive of Opava-Krnov's principality in Opava 1507-1784. There are over 300 inventory numbers in the aforementioned fund, which contains inheritance and trusteeship cases from the 16th to 18th century. I am interested in 20 inventories of persons, whose houses acted in the area of Upper Silesia: Eichendorf, Vlčkové of Dobrá Zemice, Bokové of Burgvice, Bruntálští of Vrbno, Hodicové of Hodice, Brixové of Moncle and...
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Strašín - village in Šumava
Novák, Jiří ; Maur, Eduard (advisor) ; Beneš, Zdeněk (referee)
In his thesis Jiří Novák is interested in a small villade Strašín naer Sušice. A concise history of Strašín is focused on modern age. The author is concerned with national architecture, special characteristics of this landscape, it means a special naming of houses and people (so called names after houses) and the art of music of local inhabitants, who worked like musicians and worker (so called men of the world) by world - famous circuses. Strašín was also a place of pilgrimage in the baroque period. Different points of view are added with a demografy study for years 1668 - 1698. Jiří Novák tries to combinate many sources with regional literature, belles - lettres and maps. Advantage of the author is a good personal knowledge of a describing place.
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