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Phosphates and accessory oxides in selected granitoids and paragneisses of the Moldanubian area in southeastern and southern Bohemia
Procházka, Václav ; Matějka, Dobroslav (advisor) ; Štemprok, Miroslav (referee) ; Petrík, Igor (referee)
The thesis deals with granites and paragneisses prevalently in the area of northern Moldanubian Batholith (especially the Melechov massif). The main object are accessory minerals, also some information replenishing the knowledge about geochemistry and petrography of studied rocks has been obtained. The research has been focused mainly on phosphates and Fe-Ti oxides. Fluorapatite (only "apatite" in the following text) is common in all granitoids as well as paragneisses. In metamorphic rocks and in little fractionated granites (the Lipnice and Pavlov types), apatite is very homogeneous and only exceptionally corroded. In more fractionated granites, complicated evolution of apatite has been documented with the usage of cathodoluminescence. The cathodoluminescence is influenced mainly with admixtures of Fe, Mn, Y and REE, as documented in literature. In addition, irradiation (mainly from monazite inclusions) darkens the luminescence, and the influence of uneven surface is also significant. The contents of Na, Fe, Mn, Y and REE are higher in the interior of unaltered crystals. Trace-elemnt determination (LA-ICP-MS) in apatite in granites of Melechov massif also shows that the unaltered primary apatite has also higher U and lower Sr content, deeper negative Eu-anomaly, and more pronounced M-type tetrad...
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Geological guide to the Pilsen region for teachers
Fleissig, Petr ; Matějka, Dobroslav (advisor) ; Coufalová, Vlasta (referee)
This thesis describes the didactic background of geology, especially the issue of field exercises in geology at primary school. It presents a brief geological characteristic of the Pilsen region. The theoretical knowledges are the basis for a pilot proposal of a geological guide for teachers in the Pilsen region. Based on the guidebook's model examples, a three-day excursion focusing on the region's mineral wealth is created, which includes geological characteristics, methodological comments for teachers and a range of tasks for first and second grade of primary school pupils in the form of research diaries. The excursion was pilot-tested with a sample of primary and secondary school pupils.
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Students' questions about geological map
Flašar, Jan ; Hanus, Martin (advisor) ; Matějka, Dobroslav (referee)
The analysis of student-generated questions (SGQ) is a method to investigate the way of understanding and solving a problem. The style, frequency, type, etc. of the questions can help analyze the target topic, but we can also study differences in understanding and way of thinking among individual groups of respondents. This study was focused on the analysis of the questions generated by high school students working with the geological map of the Czech Republic and the local geological map (map of Prague). The main goal of this study was to find out whether the questions generated by students differ between individual groups of respondents (according to their age, gender, grade, etc.) and whether they differ for individual types of maps. The questions obtained were classified into categories and the frequency of questions in different categories was determined. Furthermore, individual questions were assigned to the corresponding map skills that are necessary for the formulation of the question. Younger students were found to ask significantly more questions about the map display; while older students are also interested in the geological content and the way the map was created. There was also a difference between the geological map of the Czech Republic and Prague. The students were able to obtain...
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Garnet group minerals from selected localities of granitic pegmatites in the Moldanubicum
Kamenský, Jan ; Matějka, Dobroslav (advisor) ; Kulhánek, Jan (referee)
This bachelor thesis deals with the issue of garnets from selected localities of granitic pegmatites in the Moldanubian unit. The first studied garnets are from pegmatite near the village of Strážek and the second is from pegmatite near Přibyslavice. Pegmatite near Strážek forms a zonal body enclosed in the pararules of the Strážek Moldanubian and is characterized as anatectic. Garnet crystals usually reach dimensions of up to 1 cm and come from the miarol block unit and the edge of the quartz core of pegmatite. The garnets were studied using electron and optical microscopy. The chemistry of garnets is around the boundary almandine47-67-spessartine29-53. These garnets are zonal. The results were compared with the diploma thesis of H. Kupská (Kupská 2015). One of the garnet grains also contains inclusions of barite and oxides and hydroxides of Fe and Mn. The studied garnets from the Přibyslavice locality come from the contact of aplite and pegmatite. The measured garnet grain shows a predominance of the almandine component and coresponds to the chemical composition of almandine64-78-spessartin14-34 and is not zonal. These results from an electron microscope were compared with a representative analysis by R. Nováček (Nováček 1931). The specificity of these garnets is that they contain abundant quartz...
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Low-temperature evolution of granulites in the Moldanubian Zone of the southern Bohemian Massif
Kořínková, Dagmar ; Svojtka, Martin (advisor) ; Matějka, Dobroslav (referee)
The Variscan orogeny occured during Devonian to Carboniferous convergence between peri- Gondwanan crustal segments and the northern European plate (Baltica). Due to the convergence, Bohemian Massif represents the easternmost and largest exposure in the European Variscan belt. In the southern part of the Bohemian Massif, the Moldanubian Zone consists of several crustal segments with different polyphase tectonometamorphic histories. Moldanubian Zone is considered to represent the Variscan orogenic root, being surrounded by rigid and less metamorphosed blocks to the NW and SE. Structurally highest unit of the Moldanubian Zone is the Gföhl Unit, which is built by heterogeneous assemblage of high-pressure crustal and upper-mantle rocks comprising granulites, peridotites, pyroxenites and eclogites exhumed during Variscan orogeny. The apatite samples studied in my diploma thesis come from different types of granulites from the Blanský les granulite massif (BLGM) located SW of the town of České Budějovice. BLGM is the largest granulite body of the southern Bohemian Massif, is an integral part of the Gföhl Unit. BLGM consists mainly of calc-alkaline high-pressure felsic garnet ± kyanite granulites, which enclose up to several kilometers long lenses of ultrabasic rocks, numerous boudins of mafic...
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Turquoise and its imitation
Stárková, Petra ; Matějka, Dobroslav (advisor) ; Černý, Petr (referee)
This bachelor thesis provides information about the history of turquoise stone, the use, etymology of its name and spreading of this stone in ancient cultures. It includes general knowledge about mineralogy of turquoise, its structure, chemical and physical qualities and also approaches of gemological aspects. The work expands on the genesis of turquoise and its occurrence in the world. The minerals and other materials, which are nowadays used for its imitation and characteristics of differences between each other, are described further. The work also elaborates on the treatment of turquoise, its care and his protection against harmful effects. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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Mineralogy in the School curricula
Kálalová, Anna ; Matějka, Dobroslav (advisor) ; Ziegler, Václav (referee)
This bachelor thesis is focused on teaching geology and mainly mineralogy on grammar schools. Questionnaire was made for purposes of this bachelor thesis. Objective of this questionnaire was to ascertain information about organization teaching geology and mineralogy on these types of schools and their inclusion in the school curricula. The questionnaire results showed that each school is very different in organization of teaching geology. Mineralogy is most often taught in first classes of four-year, or an equivalent multi-year study. Mineralogy is at some schools taught only in classes corresponding to an elementary school. Optional subject in which is the geology taught students may choose only to nearly forty percent of surveyed schools. Schools use a lot of sorts of material - textbooks for elementary and secondary schools, university textbooks, professional books and Internet resources. The most common tools used in the teaching of geology are collections of samples. Very frequent are also models of crystals and the geological maps. Fewer common are paintings, photographs and films with a geological theme. Uncommon are tools for microscopy and geological compass. 48 % of grammar schools incorporate to education laboratory work and geological or mineralogical excursion, 4 % only laboratory...
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Industrial quartz
Pacák, Karel ; Matějka, Dobroslav (advisor) ; Faltus, Miloš (referee)
This thesis deals with SiO2 minerals, with main focus on the mineral quartz, which is one of the most common crust forming minerals. It informs about various SiO2 modifications, describing internal structure, physical and chemical characteristics, which give the SiO2 minerals their valuable properties in industrial use. Thesis also tracks abundance of these minerals in nature and describes qualitative criteria used to classify them in the manufacturing industry. There are several industrial applications of these minerals described.
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