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Providing nursing care of patients with mental disorders during the pandemic.
MARKOVÁ, Monika
Current status: In January 2020, the World Health Organization declared an outbreak of a new coronavirus disease, covid-19, a public health threat. Two months later, it was determined that it could be classified as a pandemic. Social isolation, anxiety, fear of contagion, insecurity, chronic stress and economic hardship can lead to the emergence of mental disorders in vulnerable populations or the worsening of pre-existing disorders (e.g. depression, anxiety). Psychiatric conditions related to stress, mood changes and substance use may also be associated with suicidal behaviour. The covid-19 disease may increase suicide rates during and after a pandemic. Therefore, providing nursing care to patients is a constant challenge not only because of the increasing need for it but also because of the increased mental health burden and limited social contact. Aims of the study: 1. To investigate the impact of the pandemic on the provision of nursing care to patients with a mental disorder. 2. To investigate nurses' experience of providing nursing care to patients with a mental disorder during a pandemic. Methodology: The empirical part of the study was done through qualitative research inquiry. A survey method was used, and a semi-structured interview was the data collection technique. The data collected was analyzed by open coding, pencil and paper method. Based on this analysis, four categories and seven sub-categories emerged. The research part: The research population consisted of 17 nurses from different regions in the Czech Republic. Specifically, eight nurses worked in inpatient care, five worked in outpatient care, and four worked in community care. The selection of nurses was deliberate. Results: The research showed that the pandemic had a widespread impact on providing nursing care to patients with mental disorders. Due to anti-epidemic measures, care was limited, some wards were closed entirely, and there was also a risk of deterioration in the quality of care. Nurses consider the benefits of the pandemic to be the newly gained experience and an even more close-knit team. Among the specifics of the care provided during the pandemic, nurses mentioned wearing protective equipment, limiting contact, testing staff and increased disinfection of areas. Complications and shortcomings in care delivery most frequently cited included inadequate amounts of protective equipment, poor communication with clients, little support from management, and lack of additional staff. Tele-nursing was also used in providing nursing care, especially by nurses in outpatient care. Application to practice: The findings will contribute to mapping the specificities in providing nursing care to patients with mental disorders during a pandemic. The thesis results can be used as study material for non-medical students and practising nurses.
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Problematic of nursing care for the covid of a positive patient
MARKOVÁ, Monika
The Bachelor thesis deals with the problematic of nursing care for the covid positive pacient. Covid-19 is a highly infectious respiratory disease transferred from human-to-human by airborne droplets with SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus. The first symptoms may appear as a common cold in the form of coughs and runny nose. In case of dyspnea and difficulty with breathing, hospitalization is necessary. The aim of the bachelor thesis was to map the problems in the care of a covid-19 positive patient. The practical part was processed using qualitative research. The research group consisted of seven nurses who care for the covid-19 positive patients. Data were collected using a semi-structured interview. Questions were created for the nurses with focus on the chalanges that the nurses perceived in the area of biological, psychological and social needs of covid positive patients. Based on the conducted interviews and the collected data, the results were processed by open coding into seven categories. The results of the research survey found that the biggest obstacle in the care of a Covid positive patient is the lack of communication between staff and patients in the area of psychological needs. In the area of social needs, the need for social contact between positive patients and their loved ones and the complete lack of it is the biggest problem. Nursing care itself is very specific. Strict principles of barrier nursing care must be followed in covid-positive patient environment. According to the research results, in the area of biological needs, the respiratory care and the patient's airway care are the most crucial. According to the informants, it is possible to use positioning, where the patient changes his position at regular intervals and consequently relieves himself from shortness of breath. Based on these results is created seminar material for medical staff caring for patients with covid-19. The seminar is focused on caring for the needs of covid positive patinents.
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Care for patient with infective endocarditis.
MARKOVÁ, Monika
The bachelor thesis deals with nursing care of a patient with infective endocarditis. Infective endocarditis is an inflammatory disease of the heart that affects the heart valves or their replacements. Valves with a defect or calcifications are most often affected, exceptionally also those with short-circuit defects. The patient usually develops a fever, fatigue, weight loss or chest pain. Treatment is with antibiotics and lasts approximately 4 to 6 weeks. In certain cases, patients are indicated for surgery, such as valve implantation. The aim of the empirical part was to find out the specifics of nursing care of patients with infective endocarditis. A qualitative research survey was chosen for processing. Research group A consisted of 11 patients with infective endocarditis and research group B consisted of 9 nurses working in the cardiology department. A semi-structured interview was created for data collection. For nurses, there were prepared questions focusing on information about infective endocarditis, specific care and the patient's needs during hospitalization. This was followed by questions for patients focused on their information about infective endocarditis, needs and feelings during long-term hospitalization. The results were divided into categories and then into subcategories based on the interviews. The results showed that nurses, considering the causes of invective endocarditis, often forget for nosocomial infections, rather they focus only on the causes of the patient him/herself. Patients with infective endocarditis have different care than other patients in the cardiology department. Nurses see a difference in length of hospital stay, antibiotics, rest, and number of examinations. They perceive the relationship formed with the patient during their hospital stay rather individually. Patients tolerate hospitalization itself well, and most often their family helps them to do so. Patients usually mentioned in their needs family and friends who they missed during hospitalization. They also mentioned privacy, pet or exercise. Regarding the patient's needs, the nurses focused more on practical activities such as sleep or hygiene assistance. Based on these results, information material on infective endocarditis was created. The informational material will serve for easier orientation during the disease for all patients with infective endocarditis.
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Prenatal, natal and postnatal care issues with a focus on Vietnamese women
Doležalová, Petra ; Marková, Monika (advisor) ; Tollarová, Blanka (referee)
The thesis is focused on issues concerning prenatal, natal and postnatal medical care, which is being provided to Vietnamese women. The core subject of the research is defined as "How do the Vietnamese women reflect upon or respond to health care which is ordinarily provided to them during the pregnancy and labor period as well as the postnatal stage in the Czech republic?" The objective was not just to find out how do the Vietnamese women reflect upon their experience with the care they receive, but also to investigate factors, which could have an effect on their perception and experience. The body of the thesis is divided into a theoretical and empirical part. The theoretical part is devoted to a brief description of the background of the Vietnamese women, including their culture, traditions and the health care system. Different traditions associated with the pregnancy, labor, and postnatal period are described in a separate chapter. It should be noted that findings gathered from expert literature have been enriched with information which comes directly from the author's own research. This part of the thesis is then followed by a short treatise about the history of Vietnamese immigration to our country and the last chapter deals with the system of payments for health care in the Czech Republic,...
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Current forms of care focused on dying people in a home environment
Hoblová, Petra ; Krejčí, Jiří (advisor) ; Marková, Monika (referee)
After 1989, we have seen a great development of hospice and palliative care in the Czech Republic. At that period, the first hospice institutions came into being which later broadened their concepts on providing also the at-home care. The main aim of this thesis is to characterize the available concepts of the care of the dying patients in their home environment in the Czech Republic. The initial theoretical section introduces the definitions of the basic concepts of palliative and hospice care; the characteristics of the key institutions providing the at-home care; and deals with the hospice and palliative care legislative. The practical part, based on the use of the qaulitative research design and semi-structured interviews, helps to show the experience of various providers of palliative services. The analytic part depicts two concepts of the care of the dying people, which were identified on the base of the linterviews and which are currently available to patients. Keywords: hospic care, palliative care, mobile hospic, specialized mobile palliative care general practitioner, home care, social services, care of the dying patients, dying, death
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Reviewing the decision on an administrative delict
Marková, Monika ; Prášková, Helena (advisor) ; Millerová, Ivana (referee)
Reviewing the decision on an administrative delict Abstract This diploma thesis deals with the reviewing the decision on an administrative delict, i.e. the reviewing performed by administrative authorities, but also by courts. The objective of this thesis is to define the basic terms and principles used in the reviewing the decisions on an administrative delict, and to further focus on individual means that allow the reviewing the decisions on an administrative delict. These individual means are discussed in the thesis, and there are also outlined their problematic aspects. The partial objective is to think about the current legislation in connection with the matter, whether such amount of various means is needed and whether this purposefully ensures the fulfilment and protection of rights. This thesis is divided into four basic parts. The first chapter is dedicated to sources of legislation and the influence of international and criminal law on the reviewing the decisions on an administrative delict. In the second chapter, there are defined the basic terms of the reviewing the decisions on an administrative delict, and there are further elaborated the principles that manifest themselves in the reviewing the decisions on an administrative delict. The means allowing the reviewing the decisions on an...
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Activities and potential of social workers in hospitals
Ševicová, Andrea ; Havrdová, Zuzana (advisor) ; Marková, Monika (referee)
This diploma thesis focuses on the medical social work which is known as a subdiscipline of social work. The main goal of this thesis is to show how medical social work looks like these days in a hospitals and what potential does it have. Theoretical part shows historical context of medical social work, nowadays form of medical social work in the Czech Republic and inspiration from abroad. In the research part qualitative research has been realised trough interviews with medical social workers or social workers working in faculty hospitals, regional hospitals or district hospitals. The goal of the research is to describe the current form of social work in the hospitals and to point out possible shortcomings of social work in the hospitals. The main findings of the research points to the inconsistent education and unclear compentecies of social workers in the hospitals. As a biggest barrier in the area of social work development was the lack of time and the lack of social workers, insufficient follow-up care and social services, and the disconnection of the health and social sector. Keywords: Medical social work, social work in the hospital, activities of medical social worker, qualitative research, social work specialization
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Physiotherapy after anatomical shoulder replacement
MARKOVÁ, Monika
For my bachelor thesis I have chosen the topic "Physiotherapy after anatomical shoulder replacement". I have made this choice because of my own interest in this issue. During my study of physiotherapy I encountered literature describing the replacement of the knee and hip joints countless times and also in practice I met many patients after these operations. However, when I came into contact with a patient after shoulder replacement, I found out that I did not have much information about this type of surgery and the issue is not much described in available literature. Because of this reason I decided to focus on this issue and to gather necessary information. In the theoretical part I deal with anatomy and kinesiology of shoulder complex. The important chapter is total shoulder replacement, where I focused specifically on anatomical shoulder replacement. The most important one is the chapter "Rehabilitation", where I described the techniques and methods mostly used after anatomical shoulder replacement. In the practical part I did qualitative research which I divided into two parts. The research was carried out in eight weeks. The research sample consisted of four patients after anatomical shoulder replacement. The first part of the research was performed with two patients. The results were processed by using input and output of kinesiological analysis and clinical examination of the shoulder. This part was focused on chronic problems occurring in a connection with shoulder replacement so I chose the patients who were more than 5 months after the operation. The second part was focused on mapping of the condition before surgery and on the first days after surgery. This part was also performed with two patients at the department of orthopaedic surgery in Nemocnice České Budějovice a.s. The first kinesiological analysis was made the day before the operation, the therapy was done at the department every day from the operation day to the day of discharge. I gave a brochure to the patients with information and description of the physiotherapy after operation. I have found out from the research that regular exercise has increased the range of movement, muscle strength and stability in the shoulder joint. I observe the improvement especially during the examination of goniometry and muscle test. Positive results are also in appearance of ADL (activities of daily living). Conversely, some pathological stereotypes still persist or they are just slightly changed. This bachelor thesis can be used as a study material for orthopaedic staff and physiotherapy students. The brochure can be used for patients after anatomical shoulder replacement.
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Volunteer Management in Hospices
Sobotová, Zdeňka ; Tollarová, Blanka (advisor) ; Marková, Monika (referee)
TITLE: Volunteer Management in Hospices AUTHOR: Bc. Zdeňka Sobotová KEY WORDS: hospice, palliative care, volunteering, volunteer management, Volunteer Service Manager This thesis deals with the management of the volunteer program in hospice, mainly from the perspective of the Volunteer Service Managers (VSMs). In the empirical part it brings description of the problems and issues VSMs are facing in eight Czech hospices. Among the main findings of the author are that volunteering in hospices deals with little support from management, lack of finance and difficult acceptance by the staff. The time VSMs can devote to volunteers is too little or too vaguely defined, which does not allow them to really develop the volunteer program. In none of the hospices visited volunteer program evaluation does not take place. Mobile hospices are facing concerns about the responsibilities of volunteers and difficulties in communication with families, which in some hospices lead to the fact that the volunteers in direct care are not involved. In the theoretical part of this work the author offers answers that bring literature to the problems described by her research. Together with the best advice received from respondents of her research are then summarized in the form of a practical handbook for VSMs, which can be...
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Readiness preschoolers to write in first grade
MARKOVÁ, Monika
The thesis deals with the formation of the initial graphomotor skills in the last year of kindergarten education with connection to the system of teaching writing in the first grade of primary school. The work consists of two parts. The theoretical part is generally aimed at preschool age and a system of preschoolers preparation, especially in the formation of hygiene and work habits. It also deals with the issue of left-handedness. The second part of my thesis is based on research of practical use. The research was conducted in kindergarten schools with a focus on the health and work habits (proper grip and pen direction for right-handers and left-handers, proper seating, etc.). The attention was also paid to uppercase block letters (mirror writing) and graphomotor development (graphomotor exercises). The results are compared with theoretical part and supported by extensive appendix.
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