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Development of the Hindi short story. Psychological short story on its way from pre-nayi kahani to nayi kahani
Svobodová, Renata ; Marková, Dagmar (advisor) ; Knotková, Blanka (referee) ; Kostič, Svetislav (referee)
The subject matter of the dissertation is the development of the Hindi psychological short story from the 1920s till the 1960s. For the purpose of this work I have divided the short story texts into three groups. I call the first one, represented by Premcand, Sudarśan, and Prabhkar the "older" period, the 1930s and 1940s - the story writing of Jainendrakumr, Ajey, Yaśpl, and Amt Ry - is seen as a transitory period, and the work of the younger authors: Rkeś, Ydav, Kamleśvar, Varm and Shn is called in accordance with the usual terms as the New Short Story - nay kahn. There is no strict border line between the nay kahn and pre-nay kahn writing. Some of the 1930s and 1940s short stories show in some respects features present in both the periods. That is why I decided to put these stories into a special group, which I call "the stories on their way from the older to the new one." The aim of the theses is a comparison of characteristic features of nay kahn and pre-nay kahn writing. I have compared the stories on the basis of the analysis and interpretation of the collection of representative Hindi texts of the period. I have researched into the subject matter and narrative structure and searched for the differences between the way of writing of the older authors and those, who started to write after the...
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Hindi and the language policy of the Republic of India
Nagy, Peter ; Kostič, Svetislav (advisor) ; Marková, Dagmar (referee)
This work deals with Hindi as the officiallanguage of India. It starts from its status as an officiallanguage as early as the colonial period. AIso deals with various ideas for promoting Hindi as a national and later an officiallanguage oflndia. It analyses it in the Constitution and the State Languages Act, concisely the most important government agencies for the promotion and dissemination of Hindi. It also focuses on its application in everyday life, especially in education. Further outlines the issues that are related to its use as official language in non-hindi States and why their possible causes persist. The work is based on the laws governing the status and application of Hindi as well as various books and magazines resources and here and there on online resources.
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Religious conversion and reconversion in contemporary India
Štipl, Zdeněk ; Vavroušková, Stanislava (advisor) ; Marková, Dagmar (referee)
Ve své diplomové práci jsem se za pomoci sekundární literatury pokusil vystihnout základní problémové okruhy náboženské konverze v Indii v jejím dějinném vývoji. Značná obsahová šíře daného tématu pochopitelně vybízí k dalšímu zpracování z mnoha odlišných úhlů pohledu a s daleko detailnějším zaměřením na konkrétní aspekty konfliktního soužití indických náboženských komunit. Tato práce se zabývala toliko vztahem křesťanství a hinduismu, a tak by jistě zásadně rozdílné, třebaže neméně pozoruhodné postřehy přineslo studium problematiky náboženských konverzí z perspektivy nejpočetnější náboženské minority v zemi - indických muslimů. Zásadním tématem, s náboženskými konverzemi a křesťanskými misiemi úzce souvisejícím, na jehož zpracování indické křesťanství po několik desetiletí stále marně čeká, se zdá být domácí systematická teologie, která bude muset reflektovat existenci minoritní křesťanské obce v prostředí, jež je nábožensky i kulturně vyhraněné a prosycené hlubokými tradicemi. Pozoruhodné poznatky zajisté také přinese pokračující dlouhodobé sledování osudů indických křesťanů ve 21. století, jakož i neustále se vyvíjející indické sekulární demokracie a vztahu politických stran k problémům místních náboženských menšin. Na téma konfliktní i obohacující interakce křesťanství a hinduismu bych rád navázal v...
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The symbolism of flowers in the Hindu ritual
Duda, Petr ; Vacek, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Marková, Dagmar (referee)
Plants and flowers play a relatively important role in the Hindu ritual and the elaborated system of rules concerning the suitability and unsuitability of particular flowers for particular gods offers an interesting subject of study in the field of ritual symbolism. This thesis attempts to describe the use of plants in the Hindu pj ritual and their possible symbolic functions. After summing up the present knowledge about the origin of the worship of deities in India in the last centuries of the period of Brahmanism within the Vedic domestic ritual tradition and stating the general similarities and differences between the temple and the domestic versions of the studied ritual, the thesis focuses on the latter, simpler version. A comparison of several primary materials has shown that the structure of the individual ritual acts during the ceremony is fixed and identical for all deities. The pjs for the individual gods and goddesses primarily differ on the level of the pronounced mantras. However, some specifics can be found with the offerings as well, while the most extensive instructions concerning the suitable and unsuitable offerings are those dealing with flowers. The analysis of more than three dozens of such passages has shown that besides a group of flowers which can be used for the worship of deities...
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Consensual Violence as a Cultural Element of Sexuality
Špráchalová, Lucie ; Buriánek, Jiří (advisor) ; Vrhel, František (referee) ; Marková, Dagmar (referee)
The present doctoral thesis is focused on consensual forms of sexual violence. In both theoretical and empirical aspects, it is based on existing information available in Czech as well as foreign research. Furthermore, this thesis utilises general findings of research on partner violence, as this topic has a long tradition at the Department of Sociology of the Faculty of Arts at Charles University. The selected topic is understood as a social phenomenon that is gradually becoming a part of culture. It includes a number of medical, psychological and legal aspects; the sociological approach, however, is central, both in employed methodology and in the utilisation of partial sociological theories. This thesis endeavours to assess to what extent the issue of consensual sexual violence becomes a part of culture and to what extent there is a shift from the sphere of intimate relationships and communities to a more or less open market environment and the Internet. Given the breadth of scope and the highly specific nature of the topic, the present thesis makes use of several sources of both quantitative and qualitative data from 2015- 2019. The paper explores in detail especially the attitudes and the degree of tolerance in the Czech population towards selected forms of violence, including consensual...
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Characters of Indian Muslims in the short stories by Hindi writer Nasira Sharma
Čvančarová, Lenka ; Marková, Dagmar (advisor) ; Melnikova, Nora (referee)
The thesis aims to describe and evaluate the depiction of Indian Muslims in the series of short stories by Nasira Sharma. The writer is one of the Muslim authors who chose to write in Hindi. In her works, Sharma shares in detail but also in discretion her unique insight into the private matters of Muslim families and their coexistence with the Hindu majority on various levels. Rather than focusing on politics, she inspects the human nature and the difficulties the Muslim communities face. As a minority, they live in more challenging conditions compared to the population of purely Muslim countries. Sharma repeatedly draws attention to the root of many of these difficulties, i.e. the voluntary isolation of Islamic communities and their strict observance of traditions. Key words: Muslims, India, Islam, Nasira Sharma, Hindu literature, short story
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Arabic and Persian influence on Hindi and Urdu
Stahl, Matěj ; Strnad, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Marková, Dagmar (referee)
The aim of the thesis is to characterize and divide the Arab-Persian components of Hindi and Urdu languages, as well as to describe the linguistic relationship between Hindi and Urdu and how Hindi translations of the same Urdu text differ. The first part of the thesis deals with the characteristics of the context of the language exchange on the Indian subcontinent, especially the Arab-Persian influence and the linguistic spheres, which were affected the most. The second part is an analysis of the Urdu text, tangibly Manto's short story Ṭoba Ṭek Sing and parallel Hindi translations, to help delineate and define the boundaries of Arab-Persian influence between Urdu and Hindi and within Hindi itself. It was discovered that the boundaries among Hindi translations can not be defined and the degree of borrowing acceptance varies depending on the translator.
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Characters of women -mothers in tales of chosen hindu authors
Lomičková Sučanová, Barbora ; Marková, Dagmar (advisor) ; Melnikova, Nora (referee)
The diploma thesis deals with reflection of a picture of women- mothers in chosen hindu tales. Deals about motherhood in India on the base of literal characters of woman- mothers, analyses significant aspects of motherhood in India. Pays attention to influences of surrounding society and how they struggle with it. The thesis sources from original literature in hindi language and from other translations with taking account of original verses.
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Medieval Hindi Literature and Sikhism
Čvančarová, Lenka ; Kostič, Svetislav (advisor) ; Marková, Dagmar (referee)
This paper deals with the Sikh society. History, the creation of this company. Its traditions, rituals and teachings. The main part is devoted to the sacred book of the Sikhs Guru Granth and the ten gurus, each contributed their thoughts and actions to the formation of the Sikh community, as we know it today. Part of the Guru Granth The contributions are Muslimand Hindu holy men, who are heavily involved in shaping this book. And their benefits will not be neglected in this work.
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Language features of the modern Hindi short story in diaspora
Khadimetova, Nilufar ; Kostič, Svetislav (advisor) ; Marková, Dagmar (referee)
Charles University, the Faculty of Philosophy Department of South and Central Asia Diploma Thesis Student: Nilufar Khadimetová Language features of the modern Hindi short-story in diaspora Annotation The objective of the thesis is a description of the language of modern Hindī short- stories by Indian authors who live and write in diaspora. Analysis and description are made on a limited sample of short-stories that have been written since the beginning of the 21st century. Philological analysis includes both the lexical borrowings and the way of word formation and phraseology. It focuses on onomasiological phenomena such as "loan translation" or calc and creation of hybrid words as well as syntagmas. No less attention is devoted to syntax which we can assume that may be affected by English or another language in which the authors write. In conclusion we set out the main features of the English language influences on literary Hindī as reflected in selected stories, and indicate further possibilities for research in this area. Key words: Hindī, diaspora, modern hindī short story, language contact, code switching or mixing, language impacts, lexical borrowings, onomasiology, phraseology, verbo-nominal expressions, verb syntagmas etc.
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