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The Evolution of the position of the enclitic se in Bohumil Hrabal's short story collections
Jelínková, Kristýna ; Mareš, Petr (advisor) ; Adam, Robert (referee)
This thesis tries to describe the evolution of the position of the encliticon se in Bohumil Hrabal's short story collections from two different periods of his literary production, specifically in Perlička na dně (collection of 1963, "Pearl at the bottom") and Krasosmutnění (collection of 1979, "Beautiful sadness"). The thesis should complete and evolve already existing observations that find Hrabal's substandard usage of enclitics an important attribute of his writing style and also that this usage gives his prose an aspect of spoken language. The first part of the thesis encapsulates main characteristics of his author's style - my summary leans on several studies from important literary theorists such as Milan Jankovič or Josef Štěpán. The next part serves also as summary, but this time it epitomizes studies about the unmarked position of enclitics, not only Jacob Wackernagel's Über ein Gesetz der indogermanischen Wortstellung (On a Law of Indo-European Word Order) but also some studies from Czech linguists, such as František Trávníček, Ludmila Uhlířová or Václav Ertl. The thesis uses electronic corpora as the base for the quantitative and qualitative analyses and draws conclusions on the usage of the enclitics se in both phases of Bohumil Hrabal's literary work. Key words: encliticon se, position...
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PM2.5 concentration field in the air of Zadni Treban village during heating season
Wallenfelsová, Karolína ; Hovorka, Jan (advisor) ; Mareš, Petr (referee)
This bachelor thesis evaluates the impact of local heating on PM2,5 concentrations mo- nitored in a village Zadní Třebaň in Central Bohemia between 21. 12. 2021 and 3. 2. 2022. It also examines the effect wind speed and temperature have on the PM2,5 concentrations. The PM2,5 concentrations were measured using both stationary and mobile monitoring. For the stationary monitoring, 7 DustTrak 8520 monitors (integration time 1 min) were used. A network of these monitors was built to cover different settlement (village edge, village center) as well as geological types of locations (valley, hill). The mobile monitoring took place 31. 1. 2022 over the course of 7 walks during which PM2,5 and PNC concentration were measured. Portable monitors were used for mobile mea- surements - DustTrak DRX for measuring PM2,5 concentrations and P-Trak for measuring particle number concentrations (PNC). The integration time for both of these monitors was 1 s. The aim of the mobile monitoring was to supplement knowledge gained from the stationary monitoring. The highest average 24h PM2,5 concentrations were measured on the 22. and 23. 12. 2021. On the 22nd the US EPA limit of 35 µg · m−3 was exceeded on almost all measuring sites except Stations 4 and 7. On the 23rd the limit was exceeded on all measuring sites except...
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Style comparison of scientific and popular science texts
Benediktová, Soňa ; Mareš, Petr (advisor) ; Hošnová, Eva (referee)
V dnešní době stále vzrůstá význam odborného sdělování. Prvky odborného stylu pronikají do ostatních stylových oblastí a zároveň dochází s rozvojem věd ke vzniku stále více specializovaných vědeckých oborů. S růstem úlohy vzdělání a věd ve společnosti roste i zájem o publikace popularizační!, které mají poznatky vědy zpřístupnit širšímu publiku, a to srozumitelnou a atraktivní formou. Vychází velké množství popularizujících knih a pro úplnost dodejme, že popularizace má své místo i v televizi a rozhlase. Ačkoli se styl popularizační v posledních desetiletích značně rozvíjí, není mu v odborné literatuře věnován adekvátní prostor. Pozornost jazykovědy je soustředěna spíše na vývoj a proměny vyjadřování vědeckého a charakteristiky popularizačního stylu jsou víceméně rozptýleny v souhrnných pracích stylistických či v pojednáních o odborném stylu obecně. Prací zaměřených na popularizační styl existuje minimum. Pokusili jsme se tedy touto prací přispět k podrobnějšímu poznání prostředků textů popularizačních a zároveň také prostředků textů vědeckých jejich vzájemným porovnáním. Styl popularizační a styl vědecký jsou dva protipóly v rámci odborného stylu, je tedy zajímavé položit si otázku: jaké jsou shody a rozdíly ve zpracování téže problematiky v textech stylu vědeckého a stylu popularizačního? Jak se ve volbě...
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Linguistic analysis of the magazine Dirtbiker
Žáková, Denisa ; Šebesta, Karel (advisor) ; Mareš, Petr (referee)
The thesis deals with language in the magazine Dirtbiker. It introduces and describes Dirtbiker as a media product and a part ofthe Czech media scene, then it focuses on the content and specific genres ofthe magazine (namely reportage). A special attention is paid to the linguistic analysis and the description of style. The expressivity, enriching the lexicon of the magazine with neologisms, anglicisms and slang are exemplified. The function of profane language is also observed. The thesis follows the way in which men and boys use language and deals with the construction of masculinity in the magazine. The methods of critical discourse analysis are also used. These methods allow us to focus on ideology and the mistakes in argumentation.
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Text messages and e-mails. Stylistic and pragmalinguistic analysis
Voňková, Karolina ; Šebesta, Karel (advisor) ; Mareš, Petr (referee)
My thesis deals with the subject of text messaging and e-mail from the point of view of stylistics and pragmatics and I view these phenomena as part of human communication, correspondence. At present, text messaging and e-mail are the most prevalent form of electronic communication and written correspondence as such. They mostly fulfill practical purposes, which are nevertheless substantially associated with the need of human contact. This work includes their general linguistic description, the stylistic problems it focuses on include the issues af spoken and written language, their characteristics from the point of view of monologue and dialogue, and it also touches upon other stylistic factors. The pragmatic aspect includes speech acts, the principles of verbal communicatian, self-stylization, politeness and misunderstanding. Text messages and e-mails have characteristic linguistic features -conciseness, more pronounced in case of SMS messages, carelessness, using emoticons and other devices in an effort to substitute verbal communication. In this type of electronic communication, the instrumental and phatic discourses are combined - phatic discourse is more frequent in text messages and vice versa. Higher and lower degree of spoken language features manifests here. It is higher in case of text messages....
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Language and Style of Underground Children's Books
Kubová, Kateřina ; Mareš, Petr (advisor) ; Vaňková, Irena (referee)
Kubova, Katerina: Language and Style of Underground Children's Books: The Thesis. Prague: The Faculty of Arts of The Charles University, Institute of Czech Language and Theory of Communication, 2011. Thesis Advisor: Prof. PhDr. Petr Mares, CSc. This thesis aims to examine the linguistic and stylistic aspects of Czech underground literature for children. In the first part, it focuses on the specifics of children's literature and on the term "child aspect" which serves as a criterion for further analysis of selected texts. The thesis also presents selected writers of children's literature and their work. The linguistic and stylistic analysis is largely based on the book Současná stylistika (The Contemporary Czech Stylistics), which characterizes the individual linguistic levels of a fictional text. Texts for children, written by Egond Bondy and Ivan Martin Jirous, the most prominent figures of the Czech cultural underground of the 1970's and 1980's, are analyzed. Finally, the linguistic and stylistic features of the samizdat anthology Čert má kopyto… (The Devil Has a Hoof…), which represents a sum of the Czech underground literature for children, are examined, determining texts that meet both the criterion of the children's literature and the criterion of the underground poetics, and therefore...
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Legal language - its specific features in written and spoken communication
Kosová, Hana ; Nebeská, Iva (advisor) ; Mareš, Petr (referee)
This thesis' main focus is the legal language usage. It covers a very wide area of the interdisciplinary subject of legal language and its practical usefulness for legal professionals as well as general public. The first part of the work tries to describe the specific features of the Czech legal language as a functional entity within general language. The description is divided according to the distinct language levels (morphological, stylistic; lexical and semantic, textual) and those parts are connected with the related legal theory issues (theory of legal semantics, legal concepts and their expressions in the text, problems of prescriptive v. descriptive clauses, possibility of misinterpretation of the originally intended meaning). This part is also accompanied by a terminological chapter explaining the linguistic expressions used herein. The following parts explore various areas of applied linguistics. The following subjects are dealt with: language and grammatical interpretation of statutes (practical usage of it, examples of cases from Constitutional Court of the Czech Republic and examples of enquiries from lawyers as well as from general public to the Czech Language Office of the Czech Academy of Sciences concerning meaning of legal expressions), creating of legal texts, legal informatics and...
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Multilingualism in K. M. Čapek Chod's prose
Klímová, Ivana ; Mareš, Petr (advisor) ; Hošnová, Eva (referee)
The theme of this work is multilingualism in prose of K. M. Čapek Chod, author, who wrote his romans and stories at the turn of 19th and 20th century. It shows various methods how to work with foreign-language elements, whether in replications of characters or in narrator's zone. It tries to describe assorted functions of these elements (function of characterization, documentation, constitution of atmosphere and other). Attention is also paid totranslation. For mentioned purpose this work results from literature which is engaged in this phenomenom, especially in monograph "Also, nazdar!" by P. Mareš.
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Verbal aspect in Czech-German and German-Czech dictionaries
Schleiff, Ute ; Mareš, Petr (advisor) ; Pešička, Jiří (referee)
The present bachelor thesis is focused on dealing with verbal aspect (perfectiveness and imperfectiveness) in contemporary Czech-German and German-Czech dictionaries. This category, which occurs in the Czech language, unlike in German, is on the boundary of grammar and semantics. The theoretical part of this thesis summarizes the general concept of this verbal aspect and the ways of expressing it in German. The extent to which dictionaries deal with this category depends on the target groups of dictionary users. After the introduction to the problem of bilingual dictionaries, three currently used Czech-German and German-Czech dictionaries were chosen for the detail analysis. The present research of verbal aspect as it is tackled in these dictionaries, the Czech verbal perfectiveness and imperfectiveness, and their counterparts in German dictionary entries may lead to the improvement in the usage of correct forms. The German user needs information both on relevant aspectual forms (perfective and imperfective) and on semantic differences between them.
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