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The connection between value orientation and wellbeing of university students
MAREŠ, Jiří
In the theoretical part of this bachelor's thesis, the historical development of values and well-being as a contruct in psychology is briefly described. The thesis focuses on the values and well-being of university students and the findings presented here are also related to adolescents and young adults beyond the general level. Furthermore, it desfine the psychological constructs of value and well-being as they are approached in theories used in standardized methods, and in general these will be defined for the purposes of the work. The empirical part of the work tries to find out any connection between the results of the SWLS (Satisfaction with life survey), PVQ (Portrait value questionnaire) and PWBS (Psychological well-being survey) questionnaires. The research sample consists of N = 195 respondents from universities across the Czech Republic from various faculties. The aim of the thesis is to find out the differences in value orientation and the level of well-being among students of different universities and different fields of study and to discover a possible correlation between certain values and well-being.
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Pach vítězství: role feromonů v interakcích raků
MAREŠ, Josef
Analysis of communication, hierarchy, and role of pheromones in crayfish is an interesting area that constantly brings new knowledge and can help us understand some facts that may be valid not only for crayfish but also other crustaceans. In this work, it was therefore studied how the offspring of two females behave in a one tank. After the dominance establishment in females (after a series of contacts and fights), the offspring of preferred a dominant female only, regardless of if their own or a unfamiliar mother. The dominant female, that successfully fought the fights, collected juveniles by its active movement, and they followed its movements. The subordinate female accepted her position, tried to avoid contacts, and reduced its activity. The juveniles practically ignored the subordinate mother at this stage of the experiment. Within the diploma thesis, all set goals were achieved and the newly discovered facts may be an important part of further follow-up experiments. We were able to respond positively to all primary hypotheses when: 1 / Females of marbled crayfish in one tank always established a relationship of the dominant and subordinate one, 2 / marbled crayfish juveniles always chose only one mother in a common tank, and 3 / it was in all cases the dominant one. The results show that dominance (whether communicated chemically or by visual stimuli) is a more important factor for juvenile crayfish than the specific brood pheromeone of their mother. The results bring significant knowledge to the issue of the hierarchy of various chemical and visual signals in crayfish communication. Thus, certain communication signals seem to be superior to others. The "winner odours" are probably stronger than such a strong stimulus as the brood pheromone responsible for recognizing the offspring and the mother. On the other hand, it is not possible to rule out a possible effect of the unattractiveness of the subordinate mother. How the relationships among the subordinate female, dominant female and their offspring would develop in remains opened to further research hypotheses.
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Kdo je boss teď? aneb dopad farmaka sertralinu na hierarchii raků
MAREŠ, Josef
Pharmaceuticals' pollution of open waters is a current threat to aquatic organisms. The development of pharmacies and increased consumption of drugs leads to a burden on the aquatic environment with dangerous pollutants. Due to the fast and stressful lifestyle, the consumption of antidepressants increases significantly in the majority of the human population. After consumption and excretion, antidepressants and other drugs enter groundwater and surface water through wastewater treatment plants, which can have a secondary effect on non-target organisms. This master thesis assesses the possible impact of the commonly used antidepressant sertraline on the mutual social behavior of marbled crayfish (Procambarus virginalis). The experiment was based on monitoring the behavior of different pairs of different crayfish. The created dyads assessed mutual interactions between control crayfish, crayfish exposed to sertraline, and reciprocally between both crayfish groups. Three weeks before monitoring, crayfish were exposed to an environmentally relevant sertraline concentration of 1 g?l-1. The results were evaluated by sensory assessment according to available methods, and subsequently, the statistics were assessed. No group of crayfish observed showed a significant difference in behavior. Thanks to the initial phase of experiments of this type, we cannot determine with certainty from the results that sertraline does not affect the social behavior of marbled crayfish. However, along with other antidepressants, sertraline, a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor, is undoubtedly a potential threat to the environment.
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Smart Grid - pokročilé řízení energetických sítí
MAREŠ, Jan
The subject of this master thesis is the characterization of an intelligent networks so-called Smart Grids in the energy industry and the realization of testing scenarios in a power grid simulator. The theoretical part maps the main specifications, communication principles, and architecture of Smart grid. The practical part describes the simulation of the power grid of small suburban area and the effect of electric vehicles and renewable resources on the grid. The results of the thesis are network status assessment and design of steps required for a successful wide deployment of electric vehicles and renewable energy resources.
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Soil evaporation and its controlling factors
Fröhlich, Lukáš ; Slavík, Martin (advisor) ; Mareš, Jakub (referee)
Evaporation is one of the basic members of water cycle, affecting a wide range of natural processes. The importance of the study of evaporation is even greater under conditions of climate change. This bachelor thesis focuses on soil evaporation and its controlling factors. The way in which water moves in porous media is described, and the terms evaporation, transpiration and evapotranspiration are defined. The division of the soil evaporation process into three phases is described and relative evaporation rates characteristic for the different phases are summarized. The relationship between evaporation and the spatial distribution of moisture inside soil is explained. The influence of internal and external factors on the evaporation rate is then described. It is assessed whether these factors contribute to higher or lower evaporation rates and under which conditions this occurs. It is evaluated whether the degree of influence of these factors is constant or whether it varies according to the circumstances and the evaporation phase in which the factors operate. Key words: evaporation, transpiration, evapotranspiration, evaporation phases, flow of underground water, external and internal factors of evaporation
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Research report on the occurence and composition of autotrophic communities in Lakes Milada and Most.
Znachor, Petr ; Bešta, Tomáš ; Čapková, Kateřina ; Mareš, Jan ; Řeháková, Klára ; Čtvrtlíková, Martina ; Kučerová, Andrea
The limnological measurement and research of periphyton and aquatic macrophytes were conducted in the framework of 'Strategy AV 21, post-mining landscape restoration' in 2020. Despite the good ecological potential in Lakes Milada and Most, there are several indications of possible future deterioration of water quality (e.g., the occurrence of subsurface cyanobacterial maxima in Lake Most, excessive growth of periphyton mats in both lakes, strong bottom anoxia in Lake Milada).
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Marking of rainbow trout with Alizarin
Halačka, Karel ; Mareš, J. ; Poštulková, E. ; Malý, O.
Method of using alizarin red (ARS) for mass-marking of rainbow trout was verified and optimized. Based on the results, it was possible to create methodological recommendations for marking individuals of rainbow trout using ARS: 1. Marking can be used shortly after hatching (around 14 days) since the fin rays are sufficiently developed or calcified. The standard application time and solution concentration (1 hour, 150 mg/l) can be used if the expected detection time of marker is around 4-5 weeks. It is necessary to increase the application time on 3 hours in order to distinguish individuals 2-3 months after marking. There was no evidence of a negative effect of the dye on rainbow trout individuals (mortality) or a change in chemistry (pH, conductivity, oxygen saturation of water) within standard concentrations and application time and economic parameters. The use of Alizarin red can significantly reduce financial (around 1 CZK/individual) and time requirements for fish marking. When compared with other types of marking, costs can be reduced to 10 percent (or less) and time-consuming (meaning labor costs) can be reduced to several percent. Another advantage that is difficult to quantify is benefit from information obtained by marking on the farms.
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Mucus collection in fish
Halačka, Karel ; Mareš, J.
The aim of the methodology is to acquaint the professional public and users with the information obtained and the evaluation of basic methods of mucus collection in fish. Based on the knowledge and evaluation, to enable the most efficient collection of material for subsequent research. The target group of the methodology are mainly persons from veterinary practice and ichthyologists dealing with the issue of fish integument, both in relation to their health status or developmental-anatomical studies. Representatives of different taxonomic groups were preferred in the selection of fish species for verification.
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Quality of life in vitiligo patients
Stoklasová, Daniela ; Mareš, Jiří (advisor) ; Kutnohorská, Jana (referee)
Author: Daniela Stoklasová Institution: Department of non-medical studies Faculty od Medicine in Hradec Králové Title: Quality of life in vitiligo patients Supervisor: prof. PhDr. Jiří Mareš, CSc. Number of pages: 106 Year of defense: 2022 Keywords: vitiligo, quality of life, skin, multifactorial disease, nursing care The bachelor's thesis deals with the quality of life of patients with vitiligo. The theoretical part deals with the anatomy and function of the skin. Furthermore, the problems of vitiligo, the causes of this disease, the clinical picture, diagnosis, treatment, similar diseases and autoimmune diseases associated with vitiligo are explained. It also deals with nursing care for these patients and their self-care. Lastly, it clarifies the concept of quality of life, its history, how we generally evaluate quality of life and how we can evaluate it in patients with vitiligo, and also what effect this disease has on the patient's quality of life. The empirical part describes the results of quantitative research, which took place in 52 patients using the Czech version of the VitiQoL questionnaire, which was translated into Czech with the consent of foreign authors. Besides the overall quality of life, this bachelor's thesis focuses on specific areas of quality of life that are highly relevant...
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