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Displaced Persons after World War II. in Europe: The Czechoslovakian Perspective
Kasíková, Jana ; Čechurová, Jana (advisor) ; Kocian, Jiří (referee) ; Maršálek, Zdenko (referee)
This dissertation explores the phenomenon of Post-World War II Displaced Persons, i.e. persons who were relocated due to the events of World War II. Following international research on the issue, this thesis examines it in the Czechoslovak context, both in terms of how the authorities in Czechoslovakia approached the problem and by directing attention to the group of Czechoslovak Displaced Persons themselves. It also discusses the cooperation with the Western Allies and focuses on the territory that was administered by them after the end of the war. The focal point of the thesis is the year 1945, a period when intensive efforts to care for and repatriate Displaced Persons (as originally understood) took place. A separate chapter outlines the development of Displaced Persons as a research topic and the principal research questions associated with it. The second part of the thesis investigates the international and Czechoslovak structures that provided care for the displaced, across several temporal levels. First, the organized efforts created to care for Displaced Persons are set in the long-term institutional and ideological context. Next, it describes how the cooperation and network of institutions that were to include the Displaced Persons in their purview were planned and constituted during...
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Appreciated Officer, Unloved Commander. Bedřich Neumann and the Czechoslovak Army
Maršálek, Zdenko
Bedřich Neumann's career as a professional officer began as a Czechoslovak Legionnaire during the First World War. In the interwar army he was not one of the highhest-top generals, but he was one of the most respected experts of the “upper middle management” of the army. A steep career culminated during the Second World War with his activities first in the Resistance at Home and then with the Czechoslovak Army-in-Exile. He became one of the main targets of Communist propaganda seeking to weaken the position of the London government-in-exile, and the rise of the Communists in 1945 brought his career to a halt. After emigrating in 1948, Neumann – for the third time – became actively involved in the foreign struggle for freedom and independence of his homeland. However, the outstanding theorist and staff officer is still not appreciated even until today, and the effects of targeted slander and the denigration of communist propaganda in particular still linger on his memory.
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Czech Forced Labourers in the Occupied Norway during the Second World War
Králová, Gabriela ; Vojtěchovský, Ondřej (advisor) ; Maršálek, Zdenko (referee)
This bachelor's thesis deals with the topic of Czech workers who were forcibly deployed by the Nazi apparatus of the Third Reich to work in occupied Norway during World War II. The aim is to put this lesser-known area of research in a broader historical context and, on the basis of archives and available and newly discovered sources, to analyse the living and working conditions of these involuntarily working Czechs. The first part of the thesis provides a comprehensive picture of pre-war and Nazi-occupied Norway and presents the basic terminology of the phenomenon of forced labor. The second section briefly maps the situation in Germany and outlines the organization of forced labor, focusing on the general living and working conditions of workers. In the third part, with regard to key sources, the issue of the Czech manpower on Norwegian territory is analysed in detail. Within the final section of the thesis, statistical data, and the current view of both countries (Germany, Norway) involved in the issue of forced labor are presented.
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On the „our” Side again. Former Wehrmacht Soldiers as Soldiers of the Czechoslovak Army-in-Exile
Maršálek, Zdenko
Many Czechoslovak citizens forcibly serving with the Wehrmacht fell into captivity or fled directly to the Allies. Subsequently, many of them joined the Czechoslovak army-in-exile. After the war, however, the importance and specific numbers of these soldiers were purposefully marginalized. However, as the statistical processing of personal materials has shown, former Wehrmacht soldiers were one of the most important recruitment sources in units in both the East and the West.
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Introduction
Maršálek, Zdenko ; Neminář, Jiří
The introductory chapter of the book presents the history of research into the phenomenon of forced service to the inhabitants of the occupied countries in the German armed forces. The grant project, the output of which is the presented book, is a continuation and deepening of this research. Emphasis is placed on international cooperation and on cross-border and transnational perspectives.
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Consealed Soldiers. A National Story and Marginalization
Maršálek, Zdenko
Based on a brief description of the processes of creating collective memory, the author presents the phenomenon of creating the image of resistance during the Second World War. The fact that many citizens of the occupied countries served in the German Wehrmacht was purposefully marginalized in this picture, even though many of them entered the exile armies after their capture.
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Z nepřátelské do „naší” uniformy. Vojáci wehrmachtu ze Slánska jako dobrovolníci československé zahraniční armády
Maršálek, Zdenko
The study deals with the fate of German Wehrmacht soldiers, who volunteered from the captivity for the Czechoslovak Army-in-exile during the Second World War. The fact that at the end of the war, every third soldier of the Czechoslovak units formed alongside the Allies in Great Britain was a former German soldier, did not respond to the propaganda-shaped image of the resistance in exile, and was therefore marginalised. Colour fates of the men in this group is documented by an example of four soldiers born in the then Slaný district between 1909–1921.
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"Czech", or "Czechoslovak" Army? The ethnic and nationality composition of the Czechoslovak military units-in-exile in 1939 - 1945
Maršálek, Zdenko ; Gebhart, Jan (advisor) ; Borák, Mečislav (referee) ; Němeček, Jan (referee)
Charles University in Prague Faculty of Arts Institute of Czech Studies Historical Sciences - Czech History Zdenko M a r š á l e k ABSTRACT OF THE PhD THESIS "Česká", nebo "československá" armáda? Národnostní složení československých vojenských jednotek v zahraničí v letech 1939-1945 "Czech", or "Czechoslovak" Army? The ethnic and nationality composition of the Czechoslovak military units-in-exile in 1939-1945 tutor: prof. PhDr. Jan Kuklík, CSc. (†) PhDr. Jan Gebhart, DrSc. 2014 ABSTRACT General background One of the most important phenomena, which is important especially in current and future Europe, is the problem of the personal self-identification of individuals in the multinational and multicultural environment of higher (e.g., political) units, in particular national self- identification. For research about the problems connected with this phenomenon, the sample of the Czechoslovak units-in-exile during the World War II is an almost ideal historical model. The Czechoslovak units were, by far, the most diverse armed forces among the all exile-armies; yet this issue has not attracted the attention it deserves, neither in terms of different nationalities, nor from the perspective of ethnic issues in the units as a whole. The issue of the nationality in the resistance-in-exile was determined by the needs...
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