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Pedagogy of Yoga Asanas in Relationship to the Public Health
Vysoudilová, Veronika ; Malá, Jitka (advisor) ; Pánek, David (referee)
Title: Pedagogy of Yoga Asanas in Relationship to the Public Health Objectives: The aim of this thesis is to describe selected forward bend asanas according to the literature, compare the performance and instructions given during lessons with our research. We would like to find out whether a student's health condition is being asked of and considered by the tutor and whether there is a connection between the education of the tutor and their ability to provide appropriate directions. Evaluation of the possibilities for the use of yoga in physiotherapy. Methods: It is descriptive research of theoretical and empirical character, where research, observation, guided interview and comparison of acquired data were used. Results: Among the chosen asanas we found discrepancies in literature research. There were discrepancies among the theoretical background of asanas and their pedagogy in yoga classes. Two thirds of tutors do not ask about an individual's health limitations. A connection between tutors' education in yoga and ability to provide appropriate directions during classes has been not confirmed nor was a connection between medical education in the tutor and their ability to lead quality class. 20% of classes included less than three forward bend asanas and there was a class with none. Key words:...
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Pedagogy of yoga due to population heath and targeted to extension positions and their effectivness to physiotherapy.
Kozáková, Kristýna ; Malá, Jitka (advisor) ; Pánek, David (referee)
Title: Pedagogy of yoga due to population heath and targeted to extension positions and their effectivness to physiotherapy Objectives: The aim of the thesis is to clarify and collect sufficient information in the theoretical part about the anatomical, kinesiological and biomechanical aspects of the bending positions. After that, I will try to elaborate the theoretical background of yoga, its history, philosophy and a detailed description of selected bending positions (Usthrasana, Bhudjangasana, Urdhva mukha shvanasana), which are based on yoga. Grounded on the research questions in the practical part, I will assess whether there are discrepancies between the theoretical basis of the positions and the way they are taught in the classes today. I will evaluate how are the lessons currently taught in open yoga classes, whether they include those positions or not. I will also point out the use of compensatory aids and the degree education plays in this field. An integral piece of the practical part will be a summary of whether yoga classes take into an account the health of the clients. Methods: This is the theoretical-empirical character of the work. The research method is the observation and form of interview with yoga instructors on publicly accessible yoga lessons. Results: It has been confirmed...
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Pedagogy of yoga with regard to population health: a focus on rotational positions and their contribution to physiotherapy.
Hloušková, Pavlína ; Malá, Jitka (advisor) ; Stupková, Michaela (referee)
Title: Pedagogy of yoga with regard to population health: a focus on rotational positions and their contribution to physiotherapy. Objectives: The aim of the thesis is to briefly summarize the general knowledge of the positive influence of yoga on the human musculoskeletal apparatus, and then to focus on the description of the rotation movements, consdiering both terms of yoga practice and the anatomical- kinesiological (physiotherapeutic) point of view. Three selected yoga positions will be examined; Bharadvádžásana, Maríčjásana and Parivrtta trikonasana, based on literature dealing with the practice of yoga asanas. In the practical section, the discrepancies between theory and practice will be evaluated, as well as the quality of yoga provided during the lessons in relation to population health. These discrepancies will be assessed from the perspective of a physiotherapist. Methods: It is a descriptive theoretical-empirical type of research. The methods used to collect data were - search research, observation, interview. Results: Discrepancies between the theoretical description in the literature and practice have been present. It was also confirmed that the rotational positions were part of all the attended yoga lessons. The assumption that the lecturers know the health of their trainees has not...
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Effect of yoga on postural stability in patients with multiple sclerosis
Michálková, Kateřina ; Pánek, David (advisor) ; Malá, Jitka (referee)
Title: Effect of yoga on postural stability in patients with multiple sclerosis Objectives: The aim of this theses is to determine the effect of yoga practice on postural stability and potential influence on stability during gait in patients with multiple sclerosis. Secondary aim of the theses is to evaluate the effect of pranayama, asana and relaxation practice on fatigue and anxiety in these patients. Methods: There were 8 patients with clinically diagnosed multiple sclerosis and EDSS ≤ 5 without any previous experience with yoga in the research. Patients participated in 3-month yoga program, which contained 90 minutes guided classes once a week. Each class consists of pranayama, asana sequence and relaxation. In addition patients also practice at home twice a week at least for 30 minutes. The following evaluations were performed at study entry and after 3 months of yoga practice. Postural stability was evaluated using computerized dynamic posturography Smart EquiTest Neurocom and its test protocols: Adaptation Test (ADT), Sensory Organisation Test (SOT), Motor Control Test (MCT), Limits Of Stability (LOS) and Unilateral Stance (US). Subjective perception of stability was evaluated using standardized questionnaires Falle Efficacy Scale International (FES-I) and Activities specific Balance...
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Case study of the physiotherapeutic treatment of a patient after implantation of total hip replacement
Ležíková, Marie ; Malá, Jitka (advisor) ; Michálková, Kateřina (referee)
Title: Case study of the physiotherapeutic treatment of a patient after implantation of total hip replacement Aim: The aim of this bachelor thesis is to analyse theoretical knowledge and practical skills associated with the diagnosis of aseptic necrosis of the femoral head and the physiotherapeutic methods used when working with a patient with a total hip joint replacement. Summary: This bachelor thesis is divided into two parts. The general part was completed by research. It describes the anatomy and kinesiology of the hip joint. It then deals with aseptic necrosis of the femoral head and its treatment options. It maps various types of total hip joint replacements, operative approaches, indications, contraindications, and operative complications. A detailed description of physiotherapeutic care for patients with the diagnosis is also included. The second, specialised part, deals with the casuistry of a patient diagnosed with aseptic necrosis of the femoral head who has undergone total hip joint replacement. It includes the anamnesis, the entry kinesiological analysis, which served as the base for short and long-term therapy goals, the process of the individual therapeutic units, and the final kinesiological analysis. The second part concludes with the evaluation of the therapy results, in which...
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Case Study of patient After Tear of Tendon of Pectoralis Major Muscle
Al Makki, Maytham Essa M ; Malá, Jitka (advisor) ; El Ali, Zaher (referee)
Abstracts Title: Case Study of patient After Tear of Tendon of Pectoralis Major Muscle. Goals: The aim of this thesis is to discuss the rehabilitation of patient after fixing the rupture tendon of pectoralis major muscle and to review the anatomy, kinesiology and rehabilitation of this type of injury. Methods: Methods used in this study are all based on the literature given by the Faculty of Physical Education and Sport. Results: After 8 therapy sessions results of therapy were in reduction of pain level, increasing ROM in the shoulder joint and muscle imbalances. Keywords: Pectoralis major, Tendon tear, Tendon rupture, shoulder joint, shoulder pain,
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Somatic embryogenesis of norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.)
Fischerová, Lucie ; Vágner, Martin (advisor) ; Malá, Jana (referee) ; Salajová, Terézia (referee)
5. CONCLUSIONS . The development of somatic embryos on maturation meďum can be divided at anatomical level into fow developmental stages, differing in the inner struďure: stage of early somatic embryo, cylindricď stage, precotyledonary stageand cotyledonary stage. o The prolonged cultivation of coýledonary errrbryos on maturation medium leads to disintegration of the root cap, connected with starch and phenolic cornpormdsdeposition. o The time course of disctete developmental stagesis affected by PEG 4000; use of 3,75 % PBG speeds up the process of maturation by tvro weeks. Increased level of PEG (7,5%o)leads to the formation of nrpturesin ernbryohypocotyls. The content of non-structural saccharides increases during the cultivation of embryogenic culture on maturation medium due to increasing level of sucrose in developing embryos. The content of hexoses in embryos is low. The addition of 3,75 % PEG 4000 into maturation medium increases the sucrose to hexoses ratio in somatic embryos, the total amotmt of saccharides slightly decreases.7,5 %PEG leadsto hexosesaccumulationin embryos. Insertion of pre-maturation phase (without growth regulators) between proliferation and maturation increases total amount of developed embryos in a majority lines tested. cultivation of embryogenic cultues of rafts with...
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Pollution of karst watercourses in Říčka river basin
Chlopčíková, Anna ; Tůma, RNDr Antonín (referee) ; Malá, Jitka (advisor)
This bachelor's thesis is focused on the monitoring of pollution parameters in the Moravian Karst area, sampling and the analyses of samples once every 4 weeks. In total, 9 water samples were taken from 8 sampling points. Flow rate, temperature, conductivity, concentration of dissolved oxygen and pH value were measured at each sampling point. Afterwards, content of suspended solids, CODcr, BOD5, ammonia (N-NH4), nitrites (N-NO2), nitrates (N-NO3), organic nitrogen (Norg) and total phosphorus (Ptot) were determined in the samples. At the end of the thesis, the obtained results were compared with each other and with the values stipulated by Government Decree No. 401/2015 Coll. The parameters were processed into tables that provide an overview of average, minimum, and maximum values on each of the sampling points. These tables indicate values that exceed the limits set by the legislation. Also, the change of parameters in time and along the river flow was evaluated from the measured values.
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Discrepancy of extension positions used in physiotherapy
Krátká, Gabriela ; Malá, Jitka (advisor) ; Pánek, David (referee)
Title: Discrepancy of extention positions used in physiotherapy Objectives: The aim of this thesis is to describe in detail selected extinction position (bhudžangásána, úrdhvamukhašvanásána, McKenzie extension, extension from developmental kinesiology) and then using surface electromyography to verify the similarity and difference of selected muscle involvement in these positions. From these detection then conclude whether this practice often confused position brings the same or different therapeutic effect. Methods: It is the type of quantitative research to theoretical and empirical character. The research method is observing (intra experiment). Using surface electromyography was sensed electrical activity m. trapezius (superior et inferior), m. erector spinae, mm. oblique, m. gluteus maximus and m. semitendinosus in 7 subjects in the implementation of extension positions. Results: It was confirmed that for each of these positions was dominant differnt of the measured muscles. It was confirmed that the position bhudžangásána and úrdhvamukhašvanásána are described in the literature differently than is shown practical experiment. Other positions didn't confirm this statement. It was confirmed that each of mentioned positions has a different therapeutic effect. Keywords: extention position,...
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Brain activity assessment using sLORETA during modulated and physical activity.
Košťálová, Johana ; Pánek, David (advisor) ; Malá, Jitka (referee)
Title: Brain activity assessment using sLORETA during modulated and physical activity. Objectives: The aim of this thesis was to compare changes in the electrical activity of cortical and deep brain structures using sLORETA program between the resting state, active movement and passive observation of identical motion performed by the author of this thesis and the same one shown in the video. Methods: In this research participated 12 university students (8 women, 4 men). Age of subjects was between 23 and 25 years. The whole experiment consisted of five parts: 1. electroencephalography in supinated lying position with opened eyes, 2. watching a video, where the selected movement was performed by a woman, 3. watching a video, where this movement was performed by a man, 4. watching the author performing the same movement, 5. performing this movement by subjects themselves. Each of this parts lasted two minutes. The tested movement was 1. diagonal (flexion and extension pattern) of PNF method for right upper extremity. During the whole experiment was registered electric activity of the brain using a scalp EEG. Obtained EEG signal was afterwards exported to sLORETA program, which enabled us to see the collected data in 3D Talairach system and also to make a statistical assessment using a Student's...
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