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Child exposure to aerosol particles inside bicycle trailer during the usual ride
Nechvátalová, Karolína ; Bendl, Jan (advisor) ; Mašková, Ludmila (referee)
Bicycle trailers represent a popular way of transporting children during cycling, however increased exposure to aerosol particles due to the location of the trailer in the immediate vicinity of the cycle path surface and of the bike tire may pose a health risk. Some aerosol particles can cause respiratory as well as other severe diseases, since the surface of the paths may also contain toxic substances, such as those produced by traffic. Children are more prone to developing respiratory and other diseases than adults, and therefore more attention is needed. The aim of this project is to find out how many times are the concentrations of PM10, PM4, PM2,5 and PM1 aerosol size fractions and the particle number concentrations higher in the trailer in comparison to the cyclist in front of it at different driving speeds while driving on dusty roads and to confirm the hypothesis that the particles are resuspended from the surface of the road and penetrate into the trailer, which has not been quantified so far. The possible health consequences are also discussed in this project. We did three measurements on two roughly 200 m long dusty sections of cycle paths (Stromovka park, cycle path A22 in Braník) in Prague. For the measurement, the trailer (Chariot Cougar 2, Thule) and the box placed on the handlebar...
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Microclimate in classrooms and lecture halls throughout the year and its impact on health and focus of students
Malinda, Martin ; Zíková, Naděžda (advisor) ; Mašková, Ludmila (referee)
There is a growing evidence that thermal comfort, light levels and carbon dioxide concentration can have significant impact on alertness and performance. We have documented microclimate (temperature, relative humidity, light intensity level and CO2 concentration) in 7 different lecture rooms throughout the year. We have not measured any extreme conditions but on significant amount of lectures the microclimate conditions were not optimal. Out of 68 measured lectures 2 had median temperature below 19 řC and 13 lectures over 24 řC, i.e. out of the recommended values. On the cold lectures, students were observed to wear jackets and on the hot ones students were frequently opening windows which also suggest that the thermal conditions were suboptimal.. CO2 concentrations were suboptimal mostly in winter, when 26 out of 39 lectures had median CO2 levels above 1000 ppm which is, according to ASHRAE (American Society of Heating Refrigerating and Air-conditioning Engineers), an indicator for inadequate ventilation. Median CO2 level for all lectures from both semesters was 1060 ppm. Even though window opening effectively lowers CO2 concentrations, we found it to be as mostly a reactive behavior. It is very likely that if it would be done proactively, especially CO2 levels could be kept significantly lower. Light...
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Characteristic of aerosol particles in indoor environment of different types of libraries and archives
Mašková, Ludmila ; Smolík, Jiří (advisor) ; Hovorka, Jan (referee) ; Barták, Martin (referee)
Aerosol particles are one of the major pollutants in outdoor and indoor air. Particulate matter (PM) can be harmful for works of art by causing soiling and chemical damage, depending on particle size and chemical composition. This study includes indoor/outdoor monitoring of air quality in five archives in the CR, representing different outdoor environments: Zlatá Koruna (rural), Třeboň (small town), Teplice (industrial area), and two archives (National Library - NL and National Archives - NA) in Prague (large city with traffic). The NL and the archives in Zlatá Koruna, Třeboň and Teplice are only naturally ventilated, while NA in Prague is equipped with ventilation and filtration system. The measurements were performed during 4 intensive campaigns in different seasons of the year at every location. The measurements included particle number/mass concentrations, size distributions and chemical composition. Additional measurements were carried out in 2 museums, a depository, and a church. The aim of this study is to investigate concentrations, sources, and chemical composition of PM in the indoor environment, and to establish the relationship between the indoor and outdoor environment. The results showed that concentrations of fine particles in the indoor environment of the NA in Prague were...
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Ammonia and Ammonium Nitrate in Archives
Mašková, Ludmila ; Smolík, Jiří ; Ďurovič, M. ; Součková, M.
Ammonia in libraries and archives can damage stored materials such as pigments and metals (Grzywacz, 2006) and mediate microbial decomposition (Petushkova and Lyalikova, 1986). The aim of this study was to investigate concentrations and sources of ammonia in the indoor air of five different types of archives, and to establish the relationship between the indoor and outdoor environments.
Fulltext: content.csg -  PDF
Plný tet: SKMBT_C22016102412240 - PDF
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Optimization of internal ambient air quality in libraries and archives aimed at reduction of degradation of library and archival materials
Součková, Magda ; Vávrová, Petra ; Novotný, Jan, ; Dřevíkovská, Jana ; Paulusová, Hana ; Bartl, Benjamin ; Bartlová, Lenka ; Bacílková, Bronislava, ; Straka, Roman ; Ďurovič, Michal, ; Mašková, Ludmila ; Smolík, Jiří
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Improving Indoor Air Quality of Libraries and Archives in Order to Significantly Reduce the Degradation of Library and Archival Materials
Součková, M. ; Vávrová, P. ; Novotný, J. ; Dřevíkovská, J. ; Paulusová, H. ; Bartl, B. ; Bartlová, L. ; Bacílková, B. ; Straka, R. ; Ďurovič, M. ; Mašková, Ludmila ; Smolík, Jiří
The aim of the preservation procedure is to improve the indoor air quality in libraries and archives in order to maximally slowed the degradation process of library and archival materials. After identification the degradation risks and determination the indoor air quality will be suggested means for improvement of the indoor air quality, which will limit the degradation of stored library and archive materials.
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Effect of Dust on Properties of Collagen Materials.
Součková, M. ; Mašková, Ludmila ; Smolík, Jiří
Samples of collagen materials were exposed to dust for two years in depositories, but the total deposition of particles was very small (approx. 0.1 weight percent). For this reason to another samples of collagen materials were dust particles applied using a bag from nonwoven textile. After the artificial ageing of samples the dust was removed mechanically and properties of collagen materials were investigated.\n\n
Fulltext: content.csg - PDF
Plný tet: SKMBT_C22015121815120 - PDF
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The Effect of Dust Particles on Cellulose Degradation.
Bartl, B. ; Mašková, Ludmila ; Paulusová, H. ; Smolík, Jiří ; Bartlová, L. ; Vodička, Petr
This study focused on the changes in properties of cellulose-based paper Whatman 41, which can take place as a consequence of its contamination by dust particles. The chemical composition and size distribution of dust particles from archival repositories were analysed. After the artificial ageing, the viscosity-average degree of polymerization of cellulose DPv was measured. It was confirmed that cellulose-based paper can undergo substantial changes when contaminated by dust particles and artificially aged. The decrease of the DPv of cellulose showed a negative correlation with the deposited mass of sulfate ions in the dust particles. Considering the particle size fraction, the results suggest the decisive importance of the fine (PM1) particles. \n\n
Fulltext: content.csg - PDF
Plný tet: SKMBT_C22015120714361 - PDF
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