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Woman's calling in the philosophical and theological reflection according to Edith Stein
Smolová, Helena ; Novotný, Vojtěch (advisor) ; Ventura, Václav (referee) ; Machula, Tomáš (referee)
The presented doctoral dissertation titled "The Vocation of a Woman in the Philosophical and Theological Reflection of Edith Stein" characterizes the development of the anthropological concept of Edith Stein (1891-1942), a philosopher of Jewish origin, and it concentrates particularly on this author's philosophical and theological reflection of a woman. This dissertation intends to comprehend, how Stein defined the mutual relation between philosophy and theology, or rather philosophical and theological anthropology, and how this comprehention showed in the particular stages of her creative work at formulating her anthropological concept. It also focuses on the understanding of the relation between the terms "natural" and "supernatural" in Stein's anthropological concept. The dissertation is devided into seven chapters including the introduction and the conclusion. It works with Stein's texts that were published in the series "Edith Steins Werke" and "Edith Stein Gesamtausgabe". These texts focuse on philosophical and theological anthropology (Chapter 4 and 5) and on theory of upbringing and education (Chapter 6). Stein's autobiographical writings and letters became fundamental for composing her biography, which is prepended to the actual dissertation theme (Chapter 2). The biography should help to...
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The Principle of Double Effect
Černý, David ; Payne, Jan (advisor) ; Machula, Tomáš (referee) ; Vohánka, Vlastimil (referee)
The principle of double effect has a very long history and continues to play an important role in ethical and bioethical discussions. However, the principle has been subject of incessant debates in the last few decades and many ethicists and bioethicists have explicitly denied its validity and applicability to solving important moral dilemmas. Many authors endorsing consequentialism have claimed that the principle of double effect, based on an intention-sensitive ethics, is not valid as a moral principle. Their rejection of the validity of this principle follows a well- established ethical tradition according to which intentions have no role in the moral evaluation of human actions. This dissertation has three overall aims: i) It aims at showing, in the course of textual analysis and interpretation of Aquinas's œuvre complete, that Thomas Aquinas was indeed the first author who explicitly discusses actions with one good and one bad effect and can be therefore considered the founding father of all subsequent moral tradition endorsing the principle of double effect. ii) Secondly, it demonstrates that from a historical point of view it is inadequate to continue to talk about "the principle of double effect". In the moral tradition from 13th century to present days more than one principle of double effect...
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The Principle of Double Effect
Černý, David ; Payne, Jan (advisor) ; Machula, Tomáš (referee) ; Vohánka, Vlastimil (referee)
The principle of double effect has a very long history and continues to play an important role in ethical and bioethical discussions. However, the principle has been subject of incessant debates in the last few decades and many ethicists and bioethicists have explicitly denied its validity and applicability to solving important moral dilemmas. Many authors endorsing consequentialism have claimed that the principle of double effect, based on an intention-sensitive ethics, is not valid as a moral principle. Their rejection of the validity of this principle follows a well- established ethical tradition according to which intentions have no role in the moral evaluation of human actions. This dissertation has three overall aims: i) It aims at showing, in the course of textual analysis and interpretation of Aquinas's œuvre complete, that Thomas Aquinas was indeed the first author who explicitly discusses actions with one good and one bad effect and can be therefore considered the founding father of all subsequent moral tradition endorsing the principle of double effect. ii) Secondly, it demonstrates that from a historical point of view it is inadequate to continue to talk about "the principle of double effect". In the moral tradition from 13th century to present days more than one principle of double effect...
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Ecclesiology Tomáš Bavorovský († 1562)
Havrlant, Jaroslav ; Pospíšil, Ctirad Václav (advisor) ; Lášek, Jan Blahoslav (referee) ; Machula, Tomáš (referee)
Charles University in Prague, Catholic Theological Faculty Thesis, Prague 2013 ABSTRACT Ecclesiology of Tomáš Bavorovský († 1562) Jaroslav Havrlant Catholic preacher Tomáš Bavorovský (Thomas of Bavorov) is still a quite unknown personality of Bohemian renaissance. He is the representative of the Church loyal to the Pope in Rome shortly before the end of the Trident council and the arrival of Jesuits to Prague. The result of my study aimed at his ecclesiological approach is my thesis, which contains five chapters. The first three chapters are concerned with common historical facts of his time as well as with life and work of the preacher. The others focus on his interpretation of the Church and the Kingdom of God. The first chapter describes specific situation of Bohemian reformation, which was different from the neighboring countries because of its Hussite tradition and Utraquistic Church. Tomáš Bavorovský worked mostly in Catholic south and west Bohemian towns (Bavorov, Český Krumlov, Jindřichův Hradec, Plzeň). Therefore I describe in short also their religious history in this chapter. The part concerning the personality of the preacher starts with describing him as a writer. In chronological sequences it presents the writers who have written about him. Even though Tomáš Bavorovský was quite famous author...
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Woman's calling in the philosophical and theological reflection according to Edith Stein
Smolová, Helena ; Novotný, Vojtěch (advisor) ; Ventura, Václav (referee) ; Machula, Tomáš (referee)
The presented doctoral dissertation titled "The Vocation of a Woman in the Philosophical and Theological Reflection of Edith Stein" characterizes the development of the anthropological concept of Edith Stein (1891-1942), a philosopher of Jewish origin, and it concentrates particularly on this author's philosophical and theological reflection of a woman. This dissertation intends to comprehend, how Stein defined the mutual relation between philosophy and theology, or rather philosophical and theological anthropology, and how this comprehention showed in the particular stages of her creative work at formulating her anthropological concept. It also focuses on the understanding of the relation between the terms "natural" and "supernatural" in Stein's anthropological concept. The dissertation is devided into seven chapters including the introduction and the conclusion. It works with Stein's texts that were published in the series "Edith Steins Werke" and "Edith Stein Gesamtausgabe". These texts focuse on philosophical and theological anthropology (Chapter 4 and 5) and on theory of upbringing and education (Chapter 6). Stein's autobiographical writings and letters became fundamental for composing her biography, which is prepended to the actual dissertation theme (Chapter 2). The biography should help to...
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Efficient cause and principle of causality
Machula, Tomáš ; Sousedík, Stanislav (advisor) ; Moural, Josef (referee) ; Kolář, Petr (referee)
Tato práce si klade za cíl prozkoumat a srovnat základní rysy dvou velkých filosofických proudů dvacátého století, kde probíhaly významné diskuse o kauzalitě, tj. novotomismu a analytické filosofie. Prací, které by si všímaly vzájemných souvislostí těchto dvou směrů, není příliš mnoho. Do značné míry je to pravděpodobně dáno i tím, že mezi oběma směry panovala jistá animozita. Pro novotomisty byli novopozitivisté, na něž analytická filosofie v mnohém navazuje, příliš antimetafyzičtí a materialističtí, a pro novopozitivisty a analytické filosofy by li novotomisté zase příliš úzce svázáni s církevním prostředím a teologií. Navíc se aktivně hlásili k významným autoritám středověkého myšlení, což u progresivně smýšlejících analytických filosofů zcela jistě budilo nedůvěru. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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Original Sin in the Church Tradition and in the Outlines of Possible Future Doctrinal Synthesis
MACHULA, Tomáš
Problematika peccatum originale, a to jak p. o. originans (prvotní hřích), tak p. o. originatum (dědičný hřích), patří mezi velké výzvy, s nimiž se současná teologie musí vyrovnat. Týká se to především původu onoho sklonu ke zlému, který je spatřován v projevu neposlušnosti prvních lidí. V promýšlení nového kontextu pro dogma o dědičném hříchu však pravděpodobně nelze očekávat zásadní a zlomový průlom jediné osobnosti a jejího myšlení. Paleta mnoha teorií a přístupů stručně nastíněná v předkládané práci, představuje kroky na dlouhé cestě k možnému řešení.
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Theology as a science?
Machula, Tomáš
The paper deals with the question whether theology is science or not. This question is very old and the article describes the history of this topic in the context of various theories of science.
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