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Czech art around 1980 from the point of view of Cultural sociology
Ledvina, Josef ; Lahoda, Vojtěch (advisor) ; Wittlich, Petr (referee)
The subject of the presented thesis is the situation of Czech visual arts at the turn of the seventies and eighties of the twentieth century. Special attention is paid to the so-called "official art", art sanctioned by the state and Party, and its institutional basis the Czech Union of Visual Artists. On the basis of the analysis of renewed concept of Socialist Realism and hierarchy of genres presented at that time by official art criticism, destruction of the boundary separating the realm of arts from the realm of politics is argued as the main feature of the official definition of artistic production. In a sharp contrast to this official stand stood a radically different definition anchored in the tradition of modern art. According to it a true artist has to be consistently disrespectful of all external interference, be it political or economic. Through the notion of "field of cultural production" conceived by the French sociologist Pierre Bourdieu , this fundamental opposition of radically different definitions is viewed as a struggle between heteronomous and autonomous principles of hierarchisation. The autonomous position of artists excluded from the public artistic life by the process of "normalisation" ( the so-called Generation of the sixties) as well as a different though related position of...
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Sacral architecture of Max Kühn and Heinrich Fanta in Liberec
Řičánková, Alena ; Macek, Petr (advisor) ; Lahoda, Vojtěch (referee)
The subject of this thesis ist work of Max Kühn and Heirich Fanta, who belonged to the most influential architects in the first decades of 20 th century in Liberec. These two authors created a wide range of building types, but the main interest of this thesis is concentrated on their three churches, that were builded in Liberec in a short time span between years 1906 and 1911. Attention is paid to historical foundations of these buildings and to their original and present architectural form and decoration. Analyzed are used materials and technologies as well as artistic styles, which influenced construction and esthetic form of the churches. Disscused is also contemporary architectural background, inspiration and possible influence of theory, important personalities and critics, that may have lead the work of Max Kühn and Heinrich Fanta in a specific direction.
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Like in a beehive. Agglutination and cellular structures in the 20th century European architecture
Hojda, Ondřej ; Lahoda, Vojtěch (advisor) ; Švácha, Rostislav (referee)
This MA thesis takes its topic from the domain of the 20th century architecture and focuses on one of its less known currents. When designing, certain architects during this period have adopted a form that we define as cellular and agglutinative. This is supposed to mark that this architecture is composed of small, repetitive units. These units were then grouped in a freemannered and variable fashion, neglecting the classical rules of symmetry and, on the contrary, drawing the form from the internal logic of the building and its environment namely the climate and terrain. This principle is very ancient, we find it already in Çatal Höyük, the oldest known city ever, and it displays itself in various examples of the "spontaneous" "vernacular" architecture, or "architecture without architects". Nevertheless, this thesis discusses the principle solely as a concept in modern architecture. The author poses questions about the origin of this concept, how it expressed itself and what was its development. The research method is based on analysing particular buildings, then discussing the deeper theoretical and historical background. Gradually, three sorts of answers emerge. The first one lies in a profound interest for archaic cultures shared by certain architects, and also for what is still alive of these cultures,...
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The principle of chance and its influence on changes in thinking and on methods in the Czech plastic arts during the 1960's
Kulová, Eva ; Lahoda, Vojtěch (advisor) ; Klimešová, Marie (referee)
The phenomenon of chance has always given rise to a variety of reactions. Science and philosophy continuously pose questions concerning its relationship to patterns in life and to the determinacy of a universal order. Naturally, neither is art indifferent to these questions, always somehow refl ecting the thinking of its time as well as methods through which we observe the world around us. Anecdotes routinely present chance as an unconquerable opponent against which every (merely) learned skill is insuffi cient. It was not until the beginning of the twentieth century that the conscious invocation of chance received recognition as a formal artistic method, although throughout much of the fi rst half of the twentieth century its character was perceived by most as largely a means of provocation or even spite rather than as a genuinely portative, seriously considered and systematically cultivated interest refl ecting the era's more universal preparedness for its truly unprecedent ed acceptance. This study stems from the conviction that omnipresent chance, which we constantly encounter and which bears relation to the individual and his orientations and decisions, entered artistic thought organically only in the 1960's, after which art began to approach it more methodically. In terms of time, our consideration of...
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Filla's postwar School of Monumental Painting at the Academy of Arts, Architecture and Design Prague
Patková, Lenka ; Klimešová, Marie (advisor) ; Lahoda, Vojtěch (referee)
An important figure in Czech art history Emil Filla (1882-1953), painter, graphic artist, sculptor, organizer of artistic life in interwar Czechoslovakia, art theorist and critic, at the end of his life, got one more new feature again beneficial to the entire Czech cultural scene. After his return from the concentration camp at Buchenwald, where he spent all six years of war, he became a professor at the newly established Academy of arts, architecture and design in Prague. His atelier of monumental painting has become a sort of post-war phenomenon. Up to one hundred students have undergone his training in a few years (he worked at the school 1945-1953). In this unsettled period after World War II generations retarded by the war were blend with the generations who have just reached the age to take university training. That is why postwar years are rich in celebrities. Emil Filla, for his extraordinary access to the education of young artists, his personal charisma and education, also brought into his art studio a number of real personalities, who, after the beginnings of the separate tracks artists, shaped the image of Czech art in the second half of the twentieth century. Pedagogical activities offered Filla space where he could ideally integrate their practical art activities with theoretical knowledge and...
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Art, architecture and design in the space age
Wollner, Jan ; Lahoda, Vojtěch (advisor) ; Hubatová - Vacková, Lada (referee)
Cosmic inspiration influenced huge amount of different artistic material. It was the only one topic, which went through categories such as high art and popular culture, fine and applied arts, all the medias, official and independent production, state ideology and interest of common man. Thesis tries to go through these categories high and low, fine and applied, official and independent. It divils its material into thematic chapters to achieve this goal. First of them Expand your mind deals with projects of visionary architecture, which does not try to create new "cosmic" kapes but expand - with Marshall McLuhan -man's mind and senses. Then Gravitationless state describes petting loose of Earth as principal feeling of space age. Peace and Freedom play role of contradictory ideological terms to fights between politicians, artists and spaceships. How Does Space Look Like is a question for representation of cosmic topics between abstraction and realism ant the last charter Space for Children does not show reduced version of space for children but "adult" ideological construction of connection between the youngest generation and future in space. Individual chapters are preceded by theoretical introductin The World Where We Will Live Tommorow and The Word We Live In. It is a confrontation of...
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"Photopurism" in Art of František Drtikol
Froněk, Pavel ; Lahoda, Vojtěch (advisor) ; Wittlich, Petr (referee)
Author's name: Pavel Froněk School: Faculty of Arts, Charles University in Prague Program: Institute of Art History Title: "Photopurism" in Art of František Drtikol Consultant: Prof. PhDr. Vojtěch Lahoda CSc. Year: 2011 The present paper aims to explore fine art photography of František Drtikol between years 1929-1935. Most of these photos were pictures of artifical figures made by autor himself. The paper also tries to tell, if all of fineart photos of 1929-1935 can be called "photopurism" and make some of more distinctive of them known to reader. Drtikol's spiritual background is also examined and possible interpretation of artworks is attempted. Key words: František Drtikol, photography, nude body, figure, photopurism, buddhism, christianity, Antonín Mattas, Lehr und Versuchsanstalt für Photographie, Antonín Mattas, Georg Heinrich Emmerich, Gordon Craig
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Zdena Fibichová (1933-1991)
Vašátková, Vendula ; Lahoda, Vojtěch (referee) ; Klimešová, Marie (advisor)
The sculptress, Zdena Fibichová (1933 - 1991) belonged to post-war generation, which has emerged at the end of 1950's on the Czech art scene. Times of her studies on VŠUP (Academy of Arts, Architecture and Design) with Josef Wagner, was crucial for her evolution as a sculptress. Here she found not only her great example in the persona of her teacher, but she also met other artists, who shared her art tendencies and also, became her lifetime friends. In 1959, with her fellow students, Olbram Zoubek, Eva Kmentová and Vladimír Preclík (who she married), she joined the "Trasa 54". Along with this group, Zdena Fibichová, has exhibited on all collective exhibitions, not only in the 60's, but also after the revolution. Zdena Fibichová was influenced by many leading art trends at home and in Europe. She was oriented mainly to modern english sculpturing. Vitally important was her first study trip to Vence in south of France, where she became familiar with ceramic clay, later her prevailing material. Expression through more or less numerous cycles, was typical for the artist, which is emphasized by multiple approaches to a single artistic theme. So she created series of sculptures, significant by gradual reduction heading towards abstract shapes. This process escalated in the end of the 60's in the Stele and Pulpits...
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Memorial and memory in the Czech Republic after November 1989
Žáková, Eliška ; Mitášová, Monika (referee) ; Lahoda, Vojtěch (advisor)
This thesis deals with contemporary monumental and memorial production in the Czech Republic and focuses specifically on the theoretical side of the monumental genre. The first part systematically summarizes foreign research outcomes in the examined field, shows some concrete examples from abroad, and reflects the most progressive trends in today's world monumental production. The second part focuses on the Czech background. It is based on the previous theoretical findings and uses three different case studies to illustrate the core aspects of the monumental issue. The case studies deal with the Prague Memorial to the Victims of Communism by Olbram Zoubek, the Liberec Memorial to the Fighters and Fallen for the Country's Freedom by the artistic trio Stolín - Stolín - Mitášová, and the Rožnov Memorial to the Victims of the First and Second World War by Václav Fiala. Exemplary analysis is used for a more detailed description of the social, political, and esthetical context of the creation of the examined memorials, with a special emphasis on their potential to preserve historical memory. The aim of this thesis is to contribute to the creation of a theoretical basis for the contemporary thinking about the monumental genre.
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Issue of the game in the Czech visual art after the year 1989
Čech, Viktor ; Štefková, Zuzana (referee) ; Lahoda, Vojtěch (advisor)
Theme of this work is the "Game" in the meaning of system construction and social function, which have games like board games, computer games or social games. There were some interesting applications of these games in the Czech visual art after the year 1989. These games were used in many ways - they were inspirations for paintings, for New media art and also for conceptual activity. The work is separated to some chapters in which are some circles of this production analyzed. One special chapter is also focused on creations inspired by gender problematics.
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