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An Islamic Perspective on Sexuality
Zdeněk, Michal ; Kropáček, Luboš (advisor) ; Ostřanský, Bronislav (referee)
This thesis discusses the relation between the Islamic tradition and sexuality, while focusing on sources of the Sunni Islam. It quotes from the Qur'an, hadiths, classical works of the Islamic jurisprudence and various fatwas. It deals with sexual aspects of the marital relationship, including the polygyny, with partners' rights and duties in the intime life and also with limitations given for choosing a partner. It also deals with allowed sexual relationship with slave-girl and forbidden sexual relationships like adultery or homosexual activities. It discusses the ritual purity related to sexual activities and menstruation and it also discusses male and female circumcision. It specifies a male nakedness and female nakedness and analyzes the right for pleasure and orgasm and discusses some sexual practices like coitus interruptus, masturbation or oral and anal sex. In case sof forbidden relationships, activities and practices it describes punishments.
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The Manifestation of God in Film
Duda, Miroslav ; Martínková, Libuše (advisor) ; Kropáček, Luboš (referee)
Anotation The main gaol of this study is to systematically map the manifestation of God in film with the focus on Hollywood production because it influences the whole western cinematography from its beginning to the present day. It systematically reveals various approaches to adaptation of the topic with regard to the time, cultural and social kontext. It expounds the development of the main aspects and ground of film censorship, which is considerably influenced by religion in secularized societies. It describes the techniques and approaches of individual directors to the topic.
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Alevis in the Federal Republic of Germany today
Pinerová, Klára ; Kropáček, Luboš (advisor) ; Malečková, Jitka (referee)
Title: Alevis in the Federal Republic of Germany Today Author: Klára Pinerová Department: Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Arts, Institute of Near Eastern and African Studies Supervisor: prof. PhDr. Luboš Kropáček, CSc. Alevis supported Atatürk's policy of secularization after World War I. The first President of the Republic of Turkey, Mustafa Kemal Atatürk, selected elements of Alevi culture with which to construct a new Turkish national identity. Although it appeared that the Alevi identity would dissolve and transform into a single Turkish one, in connection with changed religious policy in the 1980s, the Alevi religious movement instead began to internally mobilize and renew their cultural and religious identity. This was true not only for the Alevi movement in Turkey but also in Germany. Alevis managed to organize and create interconnected networks of organizations across Germany, Turkey and throughout Europe during the last twenty years demonstrate a confident public presence. Alevis in Germany emphasize that they are part of German society, not strangers. They established numerous clubs and organizations representative of the Alevi movement in the struggle for recognition of their rights as a religious group in Germany and in Turkey. They have integrated Alevi religious instruction...
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Politics and society in Angola in the 1970s: MPLA' s struggle for the consolidation of power
Caetano Joáo, Mário Augusto ; Kumsa, Alemayehu (advisor) ; Klíma, Jan (referee) ; Kropáček, Luboš (referee)
Politics and Society in Angola in the 70's of the 20th century: MPLA's struggle for the consolidation of power is a rigorous and meticulous work on the internal dynamics existing in MPLA, first as a movement and then as a political party, through the greatest moments, which in its development occurred. The seventies of last century represent the biggest crisis in the history of the Angolan strongest political party ever. The work seeks to highlight the political consequences but also consequences in human lives that these crises have influenced. During the 70's of the 20th century four major events bring MPLA on the verge of liberation process. On the eastern front, at the beginning of the seventies, there was an uprising in the MPLA army against the central leadership. Later, Daniel Chipenda, a member of the MPLA Steering Committee, took the lead of the rebellion. In terms of leadership in MPLA, this was the first major collapse between the Steering Committee and the MPLA social and rural bases. Right after took place another revolt, which was called Active Revolt, in May 1974 in Brazzaville, Republic of Congo where MPLA had its headquarters. It was carried out by mostly intellectual dissidents, but it brought structural catastrophic consequences for MPLA, when the 25th April 1974 in Portugal played a coup...
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Human rights in Islam
Ahmed, Mohamad-Iwhida ; Hošek, Pavel (advisor) ; Štampach, Ivan (referee) ; Kropáček, Luboš (referee)
The author presents the Islamic concept of human rights. It shows their power in Christianity and Islam, compares their approach in these two religions and then further explore the contemporary concept of human rights in Islam, chlályhodně separately particularly focuses on controversial topics such as waste from Islam, the status of women or the criminal law. It states in our environment a little-known Islamic Declaration of Human Rights in relation to the UN Declaration. Especially dedicated to the theme of reconciliation, tolerance and coexistence. "
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Attitudes of the Christians towards Islam: History - Presence - Perspectives
Machálek, Vít ; Balabán, Milan (advisor) ; Štampach, Ivan (referee) ; Kropáček, Luboš (referee)
Attitudes of the Christians towards Islam: History - Presence - Perspectives This thesis studies the Christian attitudes towards Islam, both in history and at present time. It puts the topic in the wider context of relating to "otherness" of others and examines in the framework of the inter-disciplinary approach. First chapter introduces selected concepts of religious studies, psychology and social sciences, that concern the inter-religious relations. Second introductory chapter is based on comparative religion. It analyses main accords as well as divergencies between Christianity and Islam. Third chapter deals with the history of religions. It gradually analyses phases of history in the relations between the Christians and the Muslims and the attitudes taken by the Christians towards Islam. Fourth chapter depicts the relations between the Christians and the Muslims at present as well as in the recent past. It presents the Christian views of Islam in the period between the end of the Second World War and the year 2009. The closing chapter is dedicated to the present state relations between the Christians and the Muslims. It builds on previous chapters and analyses various paradigms from the history of the Christian attitudes towards Islam, which are current in present-day Christianity. It attempts...
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Salafi Islam: its ideological sources and interpretations
Ťupek, Pavel ; Kropáček, Luboš (advisor) ; Veselý, Rudolf (referee) ; Ostřanský, Bronislav (referee)
In my dissertation entit1ed "Salafi Islam: lts Ideological Sources and Interpretations" I deal with Salafi Islam in the broader context of Sunni orthodoxy. I trace ideological roots of Salafi Islam to medieval Hanbalism with main stress put on Taqi al-Din Ibn Taymiyya. I deal mainly with two important aspects of his teaching which inf1uenced later development of Salafi thought: Salafi dogma and the question of ziyara. I explain Ibn Taymiyya's position in theology and law in the light of his conception of tawhid. Another crucial thinker of Salafi Islam is Muhammad ibn Abd al-Wahhab. His simplified interpretation of Ibn Taymiyya, as well as his radical socio-religious conceptions strongly inf1uenced and radicalized significant part of Salafi thought. As regards contemporary Salafism, I deal with its different interpretations and inner currents. Stress is put on the crucial question ofDogma and Method in Salafi discourse.
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Metaphysics and philosophy of Mulla Sadra Shirazi: existence and continuity
Dvořáková, Klára ; Gombár, Eduard (advisor) ; Kropáček, Luboš (referee)
The thesis elaborates the philosophical system of Mulla Sadra Shirazi with the aim to present synthetic character (bridging Kalam, Peripathetic school of Ibn Sina and Sufism) of late Islamic philosophical discourse where existential approaching the reality plays a crucial role in solving the quests of unity and plurality in the macro- and microcosmos. I argue that Mulla Sadra is not only reversing the primacy of essence - a dominant discourse in philosophy of his time - into a existentially perceived changing reality, but also re-defining the terms as movement, causality and teleology in particular, and metaphysics and philosophy in general. Against the static structure of essences Sadra juxtaposes a dynamic flow of existence. Every being is determined by sharing the same existence. What is causing the plurality in this world is a changing degree of this identic existence in particular beings. The existence is being modulated in time towards its higher intensities, and in the end unites with the Pure existence, ergo God. We witness the modulation of Being as an evolutionary process where every new moment is followed by continual self-evolving rather then replacing a potential state by actual. Hence, the movement becomes a continuity of a single unity. Sadra proves his concept on a consciousness of the...
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