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Aerodynamic design of the last stage of a steam turbine
Jeřábek, Lukáš ; Fiedler, Jan (referee) ; Kracík, Petr (advisor)
Diploma thesis deals with calculations of a steam turbine with two uncontrolled extraction points according to the assignment, aerodynamics of the last two stages and operating range with respect to ventilation, range of performance and straining of the last blading under the large condensation pressure deviations. For the first three stages the calculation of prismatic action blades is executed. The fourth and the fifth stages are designed with inconstant reaction over the blades length and their calculation is executed with constant circulation method. For these stages, aerofoil design with respect to their aerodynamic qualities is carried out using Bézier curves. During the whole time verification process of aerofoils qualities, their energy losses and isoentropic Mach number distribution is executed in MISES program in cooperation with Doosan Škoda Power.
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Heat transfer on sprinkled tube bundle
Copek, Tomáš ; Pospíšil, Jiří (referee) ; Kracík, Petr (advisor)
This bachelor thesis named Heat transfer on sprinkled tube bundle deals with experimental assesment of heat transfer coefficient on sprikled tube bundle. Its goal is to measure, compare and evaluate values and trends of heat transfer coefficient on external surface according to flow rate of cooling water. Evaluation will be focused on size of pitch between tubes, type of tubes surface and influence of temperature gradient. Measurement was ongoing at atmospheric pressure. Warm water flowing in tube bundle is cooled by cold sprinkling water. Tube bundle consists of ten tubes located horizontaly beneath each other with smooth, grooved or sanblasted surface. Distance between tubes vary from 15 to 35 milimetres. Measurement of two temperature gradients 15-40 and 15-45 (15°C is temperature of sprinkling water in distribution tube; 40°C or 45°C is temperature of water entering the tube bundle) is carried out for each pitch and tube surface.
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Steam Engine
Flimel, Lukáš ; Kracík, Petr (referee) ; Fiedler, Jan (advisor)
This thesis is intented on piston`s steam engines. The first part of this thesis is about history, developing, using conceptions, regulation and practical using of piston`s steam engines.In the seconde part of this thesis is made thermal and solidity calculation and construktive solve of steam engine.
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Daily launches steam turbines and their impact on the life of the turbine
Štěpánová, Lenka ; Kracík, Petr (referee) ; Fiedler, Jan (advisor)
This thesis concentrates on the problem of steam turbines, which require daily cycling by reason of an unstable nature of the energy source. The first part focuses on the current trends which have caused still increasing demand for steam turbines designed for every day start-ups. There is a description of the steam turbine start-up procedure and the heat transfer theory thanks to which the list of the critical parts of the steam turbine has been selected and with respect to these critical points has been created the draft of technical measures for the turbine. The thesis is finished with an evaluation of the life of the steam turbine casing as one of the critical parts and with a proposal for a calculation of a start-up time of the steam turbine.
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Condensing steam turbine
Šikula, František ; Kracík, Petr (referee) ; Fiedler, Jan (advisor)
The topic of this thesis is a project of condensing steam turbine, which uses as an energy source heat waste from high output combustion engines. In the first part of the thesis, there is a general overview of different types of combustion engines and their thermodynamic cycles. There are also explained important features, which are essential for running of combustion engines. In the second part, there is a theoretical explanation of steam turbine. The main part of the thesis is a project of condensing steam turbine with an integrated gearbox. At first there are chosen basic conceptions, which influence the project; then there is calculated an algorithm for thermodynamic calculation for each turbine module. At the end, there is conducted a simplified calculation of a gearbox and there is also a calculation of payback period of the designed steam turbine. There are made drawings, which are all base on the previous calculations. There are drawings of sectional views of each unit and there is also a drawing of construction arrangement of steam turbine with a generator.
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Steam turbine for steam-gas block
Kober, Ondřej ; Fiedler, Jan (referee) ; Kracík, Petr (advisor)
This master’s thesis deals with the design of two variants of a condensing steam turbine for a steam-gas unit. In the first variant, steam bleeding from the turbine for low-pressure regeneration is considered, in the second variant heat regeneration would be provided by a heat recovery steam generator, which is not the subject of the master’s thesis. Three unregulated steam extractions for the deaerator and two low-pressure heaters are considered for the turbine with steam bleeding. Both turbines were designed with an impulse governing stage and a reaction blading. The result of the design of bleeding variant is a turbine with a speed of 7000 min-1 with 7 cones, 33 stages with power output of 13,69 MW and an efficiency of 81,83%. The turbine without bleeding has a speed of 6500 min-1, 7 cones, 38 degrees, power output of 14,13 MW and an efficiency of 81,97%. The consumption characteristics are given for both turbines at the end. For the steam bleeding turbine, a drawing of the turbine section is attached to the thesis.
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Design of a cooling circuit for heat removal from a steam turbine condenser
Susna, David ; Pospíšil, Jiří (referee) ; Kracík, Petr (advisor)
This thesis deals with the problems of wounding of low potential transferred from steam turbine condenser. First, in the theoretical part variations of steam condenser design are described. Then there is a description of variations of cooling cycles and possibilities of their operation range. In second part of the thesis there are two common cooler options chosen. Those are wet cooling tower with natural draft and dry chiller with forced draft. Two types of cooling liquid are chosen to be used for dry cooling. These are water and the other one is 50 % mixture of water and propylene glycol. Based on the calculation results of both cooling cycle variations appropriate pumps are chosen, fan for forced convection respectively. Parts of the thesis are also projection drawings for both calculated variations.
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Condensing steam turbine
Krška, Jan ; Kracík, Petr (referee) ; Fiedler, Jan (advisor)
This master’s thesis deals with the design of a condensing steam turbine for certain parameters. In the initial part of the thesis, a research on steam turbines and types of blading is carried out. The computational part of the thesis is divided into several subchapters which have been made into larger chapters. One of the chapters deals with the thermodynamic calculation of the flow section of a steam turbine for a clamp power of 5 MW, a speed of 11,000 min-1 and a pressure of 0,1 bar (a). The calculation has been optimized for several basic operating parameters that the steam boiler is capable of achieving with respect to the highest possible thermodynamic efficiency of the plant. The work includes the evaluation of the results in the form of a graph. After the calculations for all steam parameters have been performed, the point was selected which with it’s values meets the requirements for the highest thermodynamic efficiency. The optimum operating parameters of this turbine are such that the turbine at a nominal temperature of 490 °C and an operating pressure of 65 bar (a) achieves a clamp power of 5190,220 kW. The thermodynamic efficiency of the steam turbine is 85,07 % and the reheat factor is 1,0634. Subsequently, basic dimensioning calculations were performed. The calculations are followed by a chapter entitled discussion where some important steps are evaluated. The master’s thesis also contains an appendix. It is a conceptual longitudinal section of a steam turbine.
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Steam Turbine for Biomass Power Plant
Ingr, Adam ; Fiedler, Jan (referee) ; Kracík, Petr (advisor)
This master‘s thesis deals with thermodynamic calculation of condensing steam turbine with controlled extraction point for heat exchanger, into biomass power plant block. Rated output of steam turbine is 6.5 MW and rated output of heat exchanger is 4.5 MW. At the beginning of the thesis is explained the heat scheme and the effect of heat regeneration on the design of turbine. Attention was also paid to the heat equation of individual thermal diagram devices and the calculation of the steam mass flow rate. The next part is focused on thermodynamic calculation of the turbine, followed by mechanical stress calculations. The calculation is divided into preliminary design and detailed calculation. At the end, the performance analysis of the designed turbine is made.
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Technology Power to X
Řezník, Dominik ; Baláš, Marek (referee) ; Kracík, Petr (advisor)
The bachelor thesis deals with technologies for the electricity storage based on its conversion into another form of energy ("Power to X"). It considers the possibility of their use for the storage of electricity generated by renewable energy sources, which should gradually replace conventional electricity production in coal-fired power plants. The first chapter of the thesis is devoted to the current and possible future state of the electricity sector in the Czech Republic and a description of selected electricity generation technologies. The second chapter contains a classification and description of technologies suitable for electricity storage – their functional principles, advantages and disadvantages or e.g. possibilities of further use of products obtained by means of conversions are included. In the third chapter, selected parameters of these technologies are illustratively compared in created graphs, each containing two parameters. The results of the comparison are then continuously discussed.
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