National Repository of Grey Literature 55 records found  1 - 10nextend  jump to record: Search took 0.00 seconds. 
A pragmatic conception of meaning and emotion in music
Sadílková, Alžběta ; Kolman, Vojtěch (advisor) ; Švec, Ondřej (referee)
The aim of the presented bachelor thesis is to define a possible form of pragmatic conception of musical meaning. To accomplish this goal, we work with three theoretical components, which we analyze and then layer on top of each other in such a way as to form a logical whole. The first of these components is the pragmatic maxim formulated by Charles S. Peirce, which defines the meaning of a fact as the sum of its possible practical consequences. In the field of music, we choose to identify the listener's emotions as these consequences, and thus the second of our components is John Dewey's theory through which we characterize emotions as consisting, first, of internal and external parts, and secondly as arising from a certain conflict. The third component, which we operate with in the framework of the thesis, is the application of the mentioned conflict to the phenomenon of musical expectation and the attempt to analyse it with the help of the insights of David Huron and Leonard B. Meyer. The latter also dealt with the problem of the connection between emotions, pragmatism and music. We therefore use his study as inspiration and a source of possible procedure methods and in the last stage of the paper we evaluate to what extent our conclusions regarding pragmatic conceptions of musical meaning and...
Wittgenstein on Ethics and Religion
Vondrášek, Viktor ; Kolman, Vojtěch (advisor) ; Hill, James (referee)
This work presents an account of Wittgenstein's conception of ethics and religion. I argue that because of the influences of the First World War, Tolstoy's Gospel in Brief and James' Varieties of Religious Experience, Wittgenstein broadened the subject of his first philosophical treatise (Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus) from logic to philosophy. In this treatise, Wittgenstein famously described the ethical and religious discourse as lacking propositions that make sense. In contrast to the Vienna Circle, that took this statement to be a 'positive' expression declaring Wittgenstein's scientific outlook on the world, I argue that Wittgenstein wanted to point out the non-theoretical character of these disciplines. He did not think that ethics and religion can be an addition to the world of scientific knowledge, because of their unscientific character. On the other hand, they can do what science cannot. They can give meaning, value to a world in which no absolute value exists. This work claims that ethics and religion, according to Wittgenstein, have a practical character. They delimit the world and help to situate the subject in it.
Philosophical Consequences of the Simultaneity Breakdown
Morkes, Daniel ; Švec, Ondřej (advisor) ; Kolman, Vojtěch (referee)
The special theory of relativity implies the relativity of simultaneity, i.e. that two different observers may not agree whether two spatially separated events happened at the same time. While Hilary Putnam argues that because of this future events are already real in the present, Henri Bergson concludes that the implications of special relativity are imaginary and thus bear no consequences for what real simultaneity is. This thesis tries to question both Putnam's and Bergson's conclusions in favor of a new Bergson inspired interpretation of the relativity of simultaneity. The critique of Putnam will consist of questioning the ontological relevance of the geometrical abstractions which Putnam takes for granted while the critique of Bergson will show that instead of interpreting special relativity Begson's account leads to rejecting it altogether. The final interpretation will build on what continues to be relevant in Bergson's account.
Gettier Problem and Redefinition of Knowledge
Leopold, Luboš ; Kolman, Vojtěch (advisor) ; Palkoska, Jan (referee)
The topic of this thesis is the Gettier problem, its significance to epistemology and its impact on the redefinition of knowledge understood as the key concept of this branch of philosophy. It conducts a survey of the history of the Gettier problem, whose roots go back to Plato's philosophy, analyses the Gettier's paper itself, published in 1963, in terms of its content and conditions that the author presumes in order to reach his ground-breaking conclusion; and finally, it presents the epistemological debate that arose after the publication of the Gettier's paper, its main trends, theories and authors, as well as the epistemological representative situations, the so called "Gettier cases".
Inferentialism and the Normativity of Meaning
Pořízková, Barbora ; Kolman, Vojtěch (advisor) ; Palkoska, Jan (referee)
Inferentialism is a philosophical theory of language and meaning which inter alia under the influence of the later Wittgenstein's work turns away from the representational theory of meaning and is replaced by a holistic theory, according to which is the meaning of an expression determined by the inferential roles. Such a conception of meaning can be tied with the claim that meaning is normative. The roots of this can be traced back to Wittgenstein's language games and the implicit idea that meaning is determined by rules and attitudes rather than by names and descriptions. This thesis should first shortly introduce the core of the inferentialist doctrine via the works of Wilfrid Sellars and Robert Brandom and then explain the statement about the normativity of meaning on the basis of the authors that defend it as well as those who criticize it and set its own position to this topic. Keywords inferentialism, meaning, normativity, language, Sellars, Brando
Wittgenstein on music
Šulc, Jaroslav ; Kolman, Vojtěch (advisor) ; Palkoska, Jan (referee)
Wittgenstein on music Wittgenstein is one of several great philosophers whose interest in music leads them to assign to it an extraordinary philosophical significance. At the same time, for his aphoristic style and also for the theory of the ineffable, he is relatively un-explicit about what this meaning should consist in. Thus, in the Tractatus, music occurs primarily as a case of a perspicuous representation, in the Philosophical Investigations as a case of a language game determined by the very fact that art is something that can be understood, and thus the problem of right and wrong rule-following arises with it. The aim of this paper is to frame Wittgenstein's attitude towards music, especially in relation to his theories of language. It may focus on early or late work as appropriate (including the cultural context of music as found especially in the Culture and Value), or consider what, if any, influence Schopenhauer's philosophy and theory of music may have had on Wittgenstein's views.
What is meaningfull proper name?
Volák, Martin ; Kolman, Vojtěch (advisor) ; Kolář, Jan (referee)
The theme of this Thesis can be characterized by one question: "What is the meaningful proper name?" The tradition of analytical philosophy is the departure point for finding the answer. The researched areas for what can be named have become not only things of the physical world but also abstract things, such as numbers. The author of this Thesis has determined the concept of truthfulness in such a way that this concept could become "Archimede' s" point for reaching the answer. The answer as such is accepted at the very beginning of the Thesis. From the perspective of language it is not the only possible answer. This answer is the only possible one, however, when viewed from the perspective of practical and pre-philosophical approach to the world - language relationship. The answer is: The meaningful proper name is any language entity for which there exist such criteria of identity that this entity can be secure1y and deliberate1y identified as a name for one conrete object; this entity must be incorporated within mutual language relationship with other language entities in such a way that it can be again recognized as a name naming the same.
Possibilistic logic and the philosophy of David Hume
Vondráčková, Lucie ; Holeček, Tomáš (advisor) ; Kolman, Vojtěch (referee)
This paper presents an enquiry in to possibilistic logic and Hume's philosophy ofAn Enquiry Concerning Hwnan Understanding. As far as being a tool for reasoning under uncertainty possibilistic logic seems to be an appropriate model for empirie theory of tt·utlL However, as we sec the possibilistic conscquence as customary transition, the possibilistic logic's ability to claim that classical flrst-order closed formula cannot be proved ceases to exist. Moreover, the possibilistic semantics coping with inconsistency becomes from this point of view senseless.
The rise and fall of Russell's 1910-1913 theory of judgment and Wittgenstein's philosphical beginnings
Soutor, Milan ; Kolman, Vojtěch (advisor) ; Marvan, Tomáš (referee)
Russellovi občas bývá jízlivě vyčítáno, že střídal filosofické pozice "jako ponožky," mám-li to říci skutečně jízlivě. Když se dozvídáme o jeho manuskriptech a o skutečnostech, že zatímco zastával jistou filosofickou pozici, již nenápadně a do šuplíku psal texty, kde načrtával alternativní teorie (a přesně takto to bylo s Wittgensteinem vyvrácenou teorií soudu), tento tvůrčí potenciál nás skutečně může udivovat, někdy zase mást, když se pokoušíme v jeho díle zorientovat. Příčiny překotného vývoje jeho filosofie ovšem spíše než v jeho povaze spočívaly v osobách, které měl štěstí potkat a kterým dal prostor do svého vývoje zasáhnout. Vždyť Russell byl na začátku své kariéry přesvědčený Hegelián. Poté, co se setkal s filosofickými názory G. E. Moora, nadšeně je přijal za své a rozvíjel dál ve vztahu k matematice. Podobného rázu bylo i Russellovo setkání s Wittgensteinem, které ovšem jak dokládá korespondence nebylo ve svém důsledku vůbec příjemné. Velice zajímavé na jeho teorii soudu je skutečnost, že tato teorie nebyla libovolným výtvorem, ale sledovala konkrétní problém, který uměla, jak jsem doufám přesvědčil čtenáře, řešit. Můžeme se tedy ptát - a to už může být předmětem další studie - zda Wittgensteinova "korektní teorie propozic," která našla své vyjádření v TLP, řeší Russellovy původní problémy, nebo...
The logic of Charles S. Peirce
Houška, Martin ; Kolman, Vojtěch (advisor) ; Peregrin, Jaroslav (referee)
Tato práce se pokouší zmapovat hlavní přínosy Charlese Sanderse Peirce v logice. Hlavní pozornost zde bude věnována Peircově teorii existenčních grafů, které jsou, mezi ostatními významnými Peircovými objevy, často opomínány. V centrální pasáži o existenčních grafech se pokusíme dostatečně jasně vysvětlit principy fungování těchto grafů a dále ukážeme některé jejich významné vlastnosti. Protože se tato práce věnuje téměř výhradně jen objevům Charlese Sanderse Peirce považuji za vhodné, hned na úvod uvést několik základních informací o jeho životě. Charles Sanders Peirce (18391914), syn Benjamina Peirce (profesora matematiky na Harvardské univerzitě), je světově uznáván jako logik a filosof, ovšem věnoval se i ekonomii, právu a sociálním vědám1. Peirce je ve filosofii znám jako čelní představitel pragmatismu a je mnohými považován za vůbec největšího amerického logika. Množství jeho publikací se pohybuje kolem 12 000 tištěných stran a jeho zatím známé a nevydané manuskripty se počítají na 80 000 ručně popsaných stran. Ač byl Peirce za svého života nedoceňován, jeho práce ovlivnila mnoho generací myslitelů po něm, jmenujme například Schrödera a Peana. Peirce sám stavěl na myšlenkovém odkazu Immanuela Kanta, dále na pracích logiků a matematiků jako byli například Leonhard Euler nebo William z Ockhamu. Charles...

National Repository of Grey Literature : 55 records found   1 - 10nextend  jump to record:
See also: similar author names
1 Kolman, Vladimír
2 Kolman, Vlastimil
Interested in being notified about new results for this query?
Subscribe to the RSS feed.