National Repository of Grey Literature 7 records found  Search took 0.01 seconds. 
Sites and Consequences of Mitochondreal ROS Production
Mráček, Tomáš ; Houštěk, Josef (advisor) ; Pelouch, Václav (referee) ; Kolarov, Jordan (referee)
The thesis consists of 8 articles (6 published and 2 submitted), which may be divided into two major lines. The first (articles 1-4) deals with mitochondrial glycerophosphate dehydrogenase. We have shown that this enzyme is capable of massive ROS production and in the presented works we studied in more detail this ROS production as well as some aspects of enzyme biogenesis, so as to better understand its physiological significance. The second line (articles 5-8) represents our studies on the potential involvement of ROS in pathogenesis of mitochondrial diseases. 1. Glycerophosphate-dependent hydrogen peroxide production by brown adipose tissue mitochondria and its activation by ferricyanide; Drahota Z., Chowdhury SKR., Floryk D., Mráček T., Wilhelm J., Rauchová H., Lenaz G., Houštěk J.; J Bioenerg Biomembr. 2002; 34(2):105-13. Indeed, this was first article to demonstrate ROS production by mammalian mGPDH. We studied oxidation of glycerophosphate by brown adipose tissue mitochondria, which are known to contain high amounts of mGPDH. We found significant GP-dependent AA- stimulated production of H2O2. To further verify our findings, we used three independent methods for H2O2 measurement - fluorescence detection with p-hydroxyphenylacetic acid, antimycine A - insensitive oxygen consumption, and luminometric...
Structural and Functional Interactions of Mitochondrial ADP-Phosphorylating Apparatus
Nůsková, Hana ; Houštěk, Josef (advisor) ; Kolarov, Jordan (referee) ; Kuda, Ondřej (referee) ; Panicucci Zíková, Alena (referee)
The complexes of the oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) system in the inner mitochondrial membrane are organised into structural and functional super-assemblies, so-called supercomplexes. This type of organisation enables substrate channelling and hence improves the overall OXPHOS efficiency. ATP synthase associates into dimers and higher oligomers. Within the supercomplex of ATP synthasome, it interacts with ADP/ATP translocase (ANT), which exchanges synthesised ATP for cytosolic ADP, and inorganic phosphate carrier (PiC), which imports phosphate into the mitochondrial matrix. The existence of this supercomplex is generally accepted. Experimental evidence is however still lacking. In this thesis, structural interactions between ATP synthase, ANT and PiC were studied in detail. In addition, the interdependence of their expression was examined either under physiological conditions in rat tissues or using model cell lines with ATP synthase deficiencies of different origin. Specifically, they included mutations in the nuclear genes ATP5E and TMEM70 that code for subunit ε and the ancillary factor of ATP synthase biogenesis TMEM70, respectively, and a microdeletion at the interface of genes MT-ATP6 and MT-COX3 that impairs the mitochondrial translation of both subunit a of ATP synthase and subunit Cox3...
Yeast colonies as a model of multicellular behaviour of microorganisms
Kuthan, Martin ; Palková, Zdena (advisor) ; Hašek, Jiří (referee) ; Kolarov, Jordan (referee)
- 32 - Závěr Již v úvodu jsem se zmínil, že mnohé laboratorní kmeny kvasinek ztratili vlivem domestikace schopnost filamentálního růstu. Ukázkovým příkladem cílené domestikace je laboratorní kmen S288C. Historie vzniku tohoto kmene je zajímavá a dokumentuje výrazný vliv genetiků na jeho vlastnosti. Velké množství kmenů S. cerevisiae používaných v laboratořích má společného předka kterým je kmen EM93. Tento diploidní kmen izoloval v Kalifornii v roce 1938 Emil Mrak z hnijícího fíku (MORTIMER and JOHNSTON 1986). Není však jasné, zda se jednalo o přirozenou mikroflóru fíků, nebo o kontaminaci komerčními pekařskými či kvasnými kmeny. Kmen EM93 je heterothalický a je schopen filamentálního růstu (LIU et al. 1996). Pro laboratorní účely ale nebyl úplně ʺpohodlnýʺ. Protože tvorba shluků buněk brání izolaci klonů vzniklých z jediné buňky a ztěžuje přesné určení počtu buněk v tekutých kulturách, snažili se genetici získat prototrofní kmen s neadherujícími, dobře resuspendovatelnými buňkami. Mnohonásobným křížením haploidních segregantů kmene EM93 s dalšími laboratorními kmeny a komerčními pekařskými kmeny vytvořil Robert Mortimer kmen S288C, jehož 90 % genomu pochází...
Structural and Functional Interactions of Mitochondrial ADP-Phosphorylating Apparatus
Nůsková, Hana ; Houštěk, Josef (advisor) ; Kolarov, Jordan (referee) ; Kuda, Ondřej (referee) ; Panicucci Zíková, Alena (referee)
The complexes of the oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) system in the inner mitochondrial membrane are organised into structural and functional super-assemblies, so-called supercomplexes. This type of organisation enables substrate channelling and hence improves the overall OXPHOS efficiency. ATP synthase associates into dimers and higher oligomers. Within the supercomplex of ATP synthasome, it interacts with ADP/ATP translocase (ANT), which exchanges synthesised ATP for cytosolic ADP, and inorganic phosphate carrier (PiC), which imports phosphate into the mitochondrial matrix. The existence of this supercomplex is generally accepted. Experimental evidence is however still lacking. In this thesis, structural interactions between ATP synthase, ANT and PiC were studied in detail. In addition, the interdependence of their expression was examined either under physiological conditions in rat tissues or using model cell lines with ATP synthase deficiencies of different origin. Specifically, they included mutations in the nuclear genes ATP5E and TMEM70 that code for subunit ε and the ancillary factor of ATP synthase biogenesis TMEM70, respectively, and a microdeletion at the interface of genes MT-ATP6 and MT-COX3 that impairs the mitochondrial translation of both subunit a of ATP synthase and subunit Cox3...
Sites and Consequences of Mitochondreal ROS Production
Mráček, Tomáš ; Houštěk, Josef (advisor) ; Pelouch, Václav (referee) ; Kolarov, Jordan (referee)
The thesis consists of 8 articles (6 published and 2 submitted), which may be divided into two major lines. The first (articles 1-4) deals with mitochondrial glycerophosphate dehydrogenase. We have shown that this enzyme is capable of massive ROS production and in the presented works we studied in more detail this ROS production as well as some aspects of enzyme biogenesis, so as to better understand its physiological significance. The second line (articles 5-8) represents our studies on the potential involvement of ROS in pathogenesis of mitochondrial diseases. 1. Glycerophosphate-dependent hydrogen peroxide production by brown adipose tissue mitochondria and its activation by ferricyanide; Drahota Z., Chowdhury SKR., Floryk D., Mráček T., Wilhelm J., Rauchová H., Lenaz G., Houštěk J.; J Bioenerg Biomembr. 2002; 34(2):105-13. Indeed, this was first article to demonstrate ROS production by mammalian mGPDH. We studied oxidation of glycerophosphate by brown adipose tissue mitochondria, which are known to contain high amounts of mGPDH. We found significant GP-dependent AA- stimulated production of H2O2. To further verify our findings, we used three independent methods for H2O2 measurement - fluorescence detection with p-hydroxyphenylacetic acid, antimycine A - insensitive oxygen consumption, and luminometric...

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