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Language of Interaction and Communication Design
Brejcha, Jan ; Kera, Denisa (advisor) ; Strossa, Petr (referee) ; Souček, Jiří (referee)
The present work seeks to describe implicit patterns of natural language and cul- ture in human-computer interaction (HCI). Although extensive research has been done in the fields of HCI semiotics, and HCI culture, we try to bring novel insights through the semiotics perspective, and to propose a set of design guidelines for the international HCI practitioners. The steps to achieve this are: First, to define the semiotic and linguistic system of the user interface (UI) and create a related methodology, and second, to apply the acquired methodology to cross-cultural UI comparison. In the first part we propose a design and analytic method for ad- dressing UI language patterns. We defined the elements of the user-UI interaction grammar, which we then used to form our semiotic evaluation method. The semi- otic evaluation method is then compared to heuristic analysis which is already widely used in HCI. While our results show the complementarity of both the methods, semiotic analysis is able to uncover otherwise hidden aspects of the UI. The second part focuses on the ideology of the interaction. Using rhetorics and persuasion techniques the UI lead users to interact in a predetermined way. An analogy between the political and UI ideologies is showed. The third part deals with cultural differences in HCI. In...
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New media theory as ontology of the computer code
Kera, Denisa ; Vlasák, Rudolf (advisor) ; Smetáček, Vladimír (referee) ; Petříček, Miroslav (referee)
The work establishes new media studies in relation to different disciplines that were reflecting contemporary technologies in the 20th century. It emphasizes the likeness o f new media theory to posthumanist philosophy. New media technologies are specific due to the performativity o f the computer code and the overall phenomenon o f software that interconnect different aspects o f the organic and inorganic life. The hybrid and emergent consequences o f this integration o f machines, humans and nature radically challenges our views o f what is technology, society and even what is ontology. Ontology o f the code is an attempt to highlight the dynamic and process driven qualities o f the reality as the ground o f todays technological acceleration. With the help o f the computer codes it generates ever more complex forms o f symbiosis and hybrid collectivity like our cities and the whole globalized society. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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Authority transformation with reference to media changes
Štogr, Jakub ; Kera, Denisa (advisor) ; Jansová, Linda (referee)
The Master's thesis is focused on the concept of authority and its theoretical aspects. The concept is closely related to information and knowledge - it is therefore investigated from the information science point of view. The origin and characteristics of the concept of authority, process of authority assignment and evaluation together with the possible change in time are described in detail. The thesis also includes a summary of key findings and a reflection of current trends with high impact to media and society, i.e. cyberspace formation, acceleration of society development, extension of senses, social networks and the process of collaborative content creation.
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Urban interfaces & extensions: sensors, chips, and ad-hoc networks as tools for urban culture
Peterová, Radka ; Kera, Denisa (advisor) ; Šlerka, Josef (referee)
This thesis proposes a DIY environmental sensing approach that empowers citizens to reinvigorate people's awareness of, and concern for, pollution. Current air pollution measuring techniques are described, and a new concept of participatory sensing is presented. I argue that technological advances in sensing, computation, storage, and communication now have the power to turn the near-ubiquitous mobile phone into a global mobile sensing device, and commence the participatory paradigm employing amateurs in environmental data collection. To test the thesis, PAIR, a prototype with interchangeable sensor, was developed. It aims to enable people to sense environment on-the-go and provide users with immediate feedback. Such data can make people learn about their environment, make them aware of air pollution causes, and eventually even bring behavioral changes. Consequently, a user survey and interviews identify strengths and weaknesses of the mobile sensing device, and based on the usability requirements, we conclude design recommendations for further development. Finally, we identify the main benefits amateur data collection and participatory sensing represent for urban dwellers, and we evaluate issues and challenges they have yet to overcome.
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Audiovisual performance in the context of digital environment
Kořínek, Tomáš ; Šisler, Vít (advisor) ; Kera, Denisa (referee)
The goal of this thesis is to describe the influence of technological development on the ways in which the moving image is created and to introduce forms that this medium attains in the area of live audio-visual performances. The theoretical study approaches this topic as a historical overview of technical image, focusing on its connections with music. It thus observes specific creative processes of the avant-garde film and music video and subsequently puts them into the context of current types of moving picture created as a result of software codes. Based on the definitions of digital media's key principles, a theoretical basis is set up and then applied to the description of contemporary forms of audio-visual performances. These principles are also used for the definition of the features of software tools, numeric representations of which make it possible to work with any type of an image as with a set of mathematical functions. The main result of this thesis is thus a presentation of creative possibilities of today's image, which has - thanks to digital devices - disengaged itself from its previous technical limitation and become a fully dynamic element that can be created and modified in real time.
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Pragmatism and neopragmatism as possible epistemological approaches in library and information science
Ticháčková, Hana ; Kera, Denisa (advisor) ; Svobodová, Hana (referee)
Tématem práce je charakteristika filosofických přístupů - pragmatismu a neopragmatismu a možnosti jejich aplikace ve výzkumech knihovnictví a informační vědy. Základní myšlenky pragmatismu jsou ilustrovány na koncepcích jeho hlavních představitelů - Charlese S. Peirce, Williama Jamese a Johna Deweyho. Neopragmatismus je charakterizován na hlavních přínosech soudobého amerického filosofa Richarda Rortyho. Cílem práce je představit tyto přístupy jako vhodné koncepce pro knihovnictví a informační vědu, protože na rozdíl od převládajících pozitivistických tendenci nabízejí komplexnější pohled na problematiku oboru a přinášejí nové směry pro další výzkum.
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Social and philosophic aspects of databases: from a card catalogue to new cultural form
Jelínková, Šárka ; Kera, Denisa (advisor) ; Drobíková, Barbora (referee)
Tématem této práce je význam konceptu databáze a jeho vývoj ve vztahu k sociokulturnímu dění, a to s ohledem na aspekty, které plynou z histroií potvrzeného vztahu data, informace a znalosti. Cílem práce je objasnit fungování databází, jejich proměny v čase a postupný průnik databáze jakožto nové kulturní formy v období 19. až 21.století. Ústřední tématická linie se odvíjí od historického vývoje databáze a jejích podob vzhledem k příchozím technologiím, a dále pak od teorie uznávaného profesora kalifornské univerzity Leva Manoviche, který spatřuje v databázi novou kulturní formu. Aktuálnost práce je potvrzena rozborem technologií web 2.0, které vznikly až po vyslovení Manovichovy teorie a v současné době jsou ideálním příkladem pronikání fenoménu databáze do společnosti a její kultury. Konkrétní příklady dokládají dříve vyslovené teoretické koncepty a definují některé směry, jimiž se vývoj databází v současnosti ubírá. Na závěr jsou definovány možnosti využití výsledků této práce vzhledem k mapování pokračujícího sociokulturního vývoje.
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Research of teaching possibilities in virtual reality and in Second Life
Jůnová, Štěpánka ; Kera, Denisa (advisor) ; Koťa, Jaroslav (referee)
The thesis consists of current and traditional language teaching methods' description. Methodical approaches for language teaching in virtual reality are also described. One example of applying methodical approaches is mentioned in connection with effectivity evalutation. A project and a case study is a part of this thesis. They focus on application of different language teaching methods in Second Life. A combination of pedagogical research methods was used to carry out the project. Two goals were set in the project. The first goal was about to find out the average knowledge the students acquired depending on applied teaching method. The second goal was about to find out the average knowledge the students acquired in total. The indirect and mixed teaching methods proved as the best in the research. In the section "Project Realization" there is a final report about useful findings and recommendations for effective use of Second Life in the field of education. A video domumentation from the research can be found on enclosed CD. During the research that was originally defined by the university a new questions and problems appeared like Netspeak and language learning, question of identity when applying for a job in Second Life or how to document your teaching activities in virtual environment with the help of...
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