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Research of awareness on demographic issues among university students in Czechia
Verbíř, Petr ; Rychtaříková, Jitka (advisor) ; Kalibová, Květa (referee)
Research of awareness on demographic issues among university students in Czechia Abstract The aim of this study was to find opinions, knowledge and awarness of college students in Czechia about demography and population development in Czechia and in the world. We used two methods of selecting respondents: Stratified random sampling and chain selection. We obtained responses from respondents electronically using social networks and email. We analyzed the survey in particular according to individual and summary factual and individual opinion issues. We compared the study results with the some study results from France survey in 2015 and INED survey. A total of 1,149 respondents took part in the survey, of which 35% men and 65% women. Most respondents correctly estimated the population in the world or in Czechia and also they consider demography and population development to be important topics. It was interesting that most respondents considered the total fertility rate in the Czechia to be lower than in Spain or Italy, on the contrary, they thought the total fertility rate in the Czech Republic was higher than in Ireland. Men achieved a statistically higher average score of factual issues than women. Respondents with a university degree in Natural Sciences, Mathematics and Statistics (biology, environment,...
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The specifics of Argentina in mortality from infectious and parazitic diseases in the context of Latin America
Šorelová, Michaela ; Hulíková Tesárková, Klára (advisor) ; Kalibová, Květa (referee)
The specifics of Argentina in mortality from infectious and parasitic diseases in the context of Latin America Abstract This work deals with mortality from infectious and parasitic diseases in Argentina at the turn of the 20th and 21st centuries. During this period, there was a high level of mortality from infectious diseases in Argentina, which is not common in countries where an epidemiological transition has already taken place. This thesis tries to theoretically explain the higher level of mortality from infectious diseases by describing the situation of infectious diseases in the Latin American region. It deals with the course of the demographic revolution and the epidemiological transition in the Latin American region, which had a significant impact on changes in mortality and describes the development of the incidence of specific infectious diseases in Argentina. The theoretical part is followed by an analytical explanation of mortality from infectious and parasitic diseases using the resulting indicators of mortality tables and decomposition methods used in the work. The main aim of this work was to find out what influenced the high and almost constant level of mortality from infectious diseases in Argentina at the turn of the century. The analysis was also made for selected Latin American...
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Evaluation of China's population policy
Jodlová, Adéla ; Kocourková, Jiřina (advisor) ; Kalibová, Květa (referee)
Evaluation of China's population policy Abstract This thesis discusses China's population policy and its aim is to evaluate various programs and analyze their effectiveness. The methodological part describes the base of data and indicators by which the influence of population policy can be measured. The literary review is followed by an analytical part that deals with the development of fertility in the context of population policies, postponing marriage and changing reproductive plans, which are crucial for future policy development. The effectiveness of these programs in China is assessed by comparing the effectiveness of policies in Vietnam and Japan, as well as using selected indicators. An integral part of the thesis is an analysis of the consequences of policies and an outline of possible future development. Based on the results of the analysis, China's population policy has been effective as it has achieved its goal of reducing fertility. On the other hand, the one-child policy has caused many negative consequences, which the new universal two-child policy introduced in 2016 aims to reduce. Key words: population policy, one-child policy, universal two-child policy, reproduction plans, effectiveness of programs, negative consequences
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The current situation of tuberculosis incidence and mortality in selected African states
Chmelařová, Tereza ; Hulíková Tesárková, Klára (advisor) ; Kalibová, Květa (referee)
The current situation of tuberculosis incidence and mortality in selected African states Abstract This bachelor thesis focuses on the issue of tuberculosis incidence and mortality in eight African states, which are on the list of high burden countries (Angola, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Ethiopia, Kenya, Mozambique, Nigeria, South Africa, Zimbabwe). The aim of this work is to describe the current situation of tuberculosis incidence and mortality in these states and evaluate the development of the level of tuberculosis incidence and mortality in the period of 2000-2017. Further, work evaluates the current situation of multidrug resistant tuberculosis and the results of treatment. Since we are focusing on the developing countries, where the data availability is not always good, we will also focus on the problem of data availability in our selected states. Based on the analytical part of this work, we can conclude that most of the selected states probably will not be able to achieve the 80% reduction in the tuberculosis incidence rate, compared with levels in 2015. Keywords: tuberculosis incidence, tuberculosis mortality, tuberculosis, multidrug-resistant tuberculosis, African region
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The effect of education on reproductive behaviour in low-fertility settings in Slovakia after 1992
Fekiačová, Eva ; Kocourková, Jiřina (advisor) ; Kalibová, Květa (referee)
Vzťah medzi realizovanou reprodukciou a najvyšším dosiahnutým vzdelaním je v súčasnosti jeden z hlavných faktorov reprodukčného správania. V postmoderných spoločnostiach je všeobecne spájaný s negatívnym efektom vyššej vzdelanostnej úrovne na počet narodených detí. Úroveň vzdelania neovplyvňuje len konečnú plodnosť žien, či čas vstupu do materstva. Rovnako vplýva aj na preferencie jedinca, normatívne orientácie a vývoj hodnôt. Spojitosť vzdelania a reprodukcie sa dá uchopiť vo viacerých rovinách. Predkladaná práca preto poukazuje na postojové rozdiely medzi jedincami jednotlivých vzdelanostných kategórií a ponúka na príklade Slovenska v období po roku 1992 analytické i teoretické vysvetlenie vývoja a diferencie reprodukčného správania. Kľúčové slová: vzdelanie, plodnosť, reprodukcia
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Equality: age and gender (Czechia, Denmark, France, Poland)
Černá, Tereza ; Rychtaříková, Jitka (advisor) ; Kalibová, Květa (referee)
Equality: Age and gender Abstract Diploma thesis addresses age and gender inequalities in Czechia, Denmark, France and Poland, based on Special Eurobarometer 437 and Special Eurobarometer 465. It introduces basic terms connected with inequality in society as well as terms related to gender and age discrimination. The analytical part is focused on different perceptions of age and gender inequality by respondents from four selected countries. The questions are also analysed on base on the respondent's gender and their age group, either 25-34, or 55-64 years. The conclusion of the conducted survey data analysis is, that society in Czechia and Poland inclines towards gender-based prejudices and stereotypes more, than society in Denmark and France, which may be a consequence of stronger emphasis on gender equality in Western European countries. Age discrimination is more often noticed by Czech and French respondents, but it is clear, that respondents from all four countries perceive ageism as very serious and do not see adopted anti- discrimination measures as sufficient. Key words: discrimination, inequality, stereotypes, ageing, ageism, age discrimination, gender discrimination, Czechia, Denmark, France, Poland
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Religion in the Czech Republic: Basic analysis and the relationship to selected sociodemographic topics
Růžičková, Markéta ; Kalibová, Květa (referee)
Religion in the Czech Republic: Basic analysis and the relationship to selected socio-demographic topics Abstract The aim of this thesis is to analyse the inhabitants of the Czech Republic according to religious belief using data from surveys and also individual 2011 census data. Contemporary position of religion in society is described in the first part, focusing on characteristics of believers and non-believers. Results of surveys concerning religious belief in our region are stated in detail in the next parts, oriented mainly on the period after 1989 and also comparison to Europe. The part with the analysis of differences in attitudes to problematic demographic behaviour according to religious belief follows, using the data from European Values Study and International Social Survey Programme. Individual data from 2011 census are analysed more in detail in the last part, focusing on newly spread religious groups and furthermore there is an analysis of believers using logistic regression. Keywords: religion, sample survey, Czech Republic, attitudes, atheism
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Differential infant mortality analysis in Czech lands during the interwar period
Zvonková, Štěpánka ; Rychtaříková, Jitka (advisor) ; Kalibová, Květa (referee)
Differential infant mortality rates in Czech lands during the interwar period Abstract The bachelor thesis addresses infant mortality conditions in the Czech lands in the interwar period characterized by a gradual decrease of all relevant indicators. The introductory theoretical part summarizes the current knowledge about economic and population development during the interwar period. The analytical section focuses on investigating the differential factors of infant mortality rates during the years 1920-1937 in the historical regions of Bohemia, Moravia, and Czech Silesia. First, mortality under one year of age is analyzed according to narrow age groups (neonatal and postneonatal mortality), sex, legitimacy, place of residence and then by other factors, such as nationality, religion and by causes of death. Finally, an analysis was made on the basic of infant life tables which are calculated by sex and legitimacy. The conclusion summarizes the results and answers to the research questions. Key words: infant mortality rate, Czech lands, interwar period
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