National Repository of Grey Literature 7 records found  Search took 0.00 seconds. 
Management of Pelvic Organ Prolapse with the Use of Ultrasonography
Smažinka, Martin ; Kališ, Vladimír (advisor) ; Hubka, Petr (referee) ; Urdzík, Peter (referee)
Studies evaluating quality of life are in agreement regarding severity of symptoms and large number of cases of pelvic organs prolapse in women. Therefore, there has been a long- term effort to create optimal approach, including surgical procedures with minimal intra- and posto-perative complications. Historically performed procedures for pelvic organ prolapse (POP) are being either abandoned or modified, with some others becoming obsolete. New materials, especially artificial, have enabled new possibilities in POP management. However, unfortunately, they have also caused new types of complications, which urge the need to carefully consider any surgical indication. Worldwide mostly urogynecology teams are striving to improve the management of POP. In recent years, laparoscopic sacrocolpopexy (LSC SCP) has been performed at our center. This procedure is currently being recognized as the gold standard of surgical care. The main aim of this dissertation thesis is to evaluate surgical management used at our center with the emphasis on the importance of ultrasonographic evaluations during the pre- and posto-perative period and to evaluate its limits and possibilities during the long-term follow- up. The other aim was to determine the incidence of coincidental asymptomatic premalignant and malignant...
Delivery and the Pelvic Floor
Kališ, Vladimír ; Rokyta, Zdeněk (advisor) ; Martan, Alois (referee) ; Roztočil, Aleš (referee)
Vaginal Birth in Primiparas and Anal Incontinence Objective: An investigation of incidence and degree of anal incontinence after vaginal delivery among primiparas and characterizing of the risk factors Design: Prospective observational study Setting: Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Charles University and Faculty Hospital Pilsen, the Czech Republic Methods: 346 primiparas after consecutive vaginal delivery between 2000 and 2001 were included. All delivered in lithotomy position. Questionnaires were sent few days after delivery and then 2 and 6-9 months later. Analysis of returned questionnaires. 28 obstetric parameteres assessed. Results: 46.5% women responded. 23 women registered leakage of flatus before delivery. Two months postpartum 1 (0.6%) patient reported fecal incontinence and 22 (14.3%) flatus incontinence de novo or impaired already present incontinence. 6-9 months after delivery the same patient (0.6%) reported fecal incontinence and 16 women (10.4%) incontinence of flatus. 10 of them felt impaired quality of life. Anal incontinence gradually improved during the time (in 76%). Risk factors of developing (worsening) of anal incontinence were antenatal anal incontinence (in two months period) and women weight (or BMI) meassured at 6-9 months after birth. None of nine patients after forceps...
Obstetric interventions and pelvic floor disorders
Rušavý, Zdeněk ; Kališ, Vladimír (advisor) ; Roztočil, Aleš (referee) ; Mašata, Jaromír (referee)
Obstetric interventions and pelvic floor disorders - Abstract One of the principal objectives of obstetric interventions in the second stage of labor is prevention of pelvic floor trauma and associated pelvic floor disorders. The most commonly used and also most frequently discussed interventions are manual perineal protection and episiotomy. The majority of pelvic floor disorders are of subjective nature. Therefore, tools for objectification and severity quantification of these disorders are the key to reliable comparison and identification of the most effective interventions. The aim of the dissertation was to find the most effective modification of manual perineal protection, to compare two frequently used types of episiotomy regarding all pelvic floor disorders and finally to find a consensus on the most suitable instrument for anal incontinence severity assessment. Our studies concerning manual perineal protection experimentally described the direction and extent of perineal deformation during vaginal delivery. The subsequent studies on biomechanical model demonstrated that the most effective method of manual perineal protection in peak perineal strain reduction is when the fingers are placed on the perineum 6 cm laterally and 2 cm ventrally from the posterior commissure at both sides and are...
Technical Aspects of the Second Stage of Labor
Karbanová, Jaroslava ; Kališ, Vladimír (advisor) ; Procházka, Martin (referee) ; Záhumenský, Jozef (referee)
Obstetrical intervantion`s goal is to normalize an abnormal or pathological course of labour. In a certain case (e.g. fetal distress) this is not fully achievable. Then the goal is to accelerate the delivery without inadequate increase of risk of maternal or neonatal trauma. The aim of this dizertation thesis was to offer an up-to-date definition and to outline a proper performance of these interventions. Therefore, it was necessary to properly and timely describe the labour layout in which the accoucheur and/or the parturient happen to occurr when an intervention is to take place. It was essential to describe the quantity of perineal loading as well as to define the main vector of perineal strain and deformation. Based on the range of this deformation it was subsequently possible to adequately describe and execute some obstetrical interventions (e.g. a variety of types of episiotomy) or to evaluate a variety of modifications by means of computational modelling (e.g. manual perineal protection) that might have so tiny nuances between each other or differences that are difficult to measure because the clinical evaluation is impossible due to interindividual imprecision or very short duration of the intervention. We described the maximum strain on the perineal surface during vaginal delivery that...
To determine the indication for the use of synthetic materials in pelvic floor reconstructive surgery.
El Haddad, Rachid ; Švabík, Kamil (advisor) ; Huser, Martin (referee) ; Kališ, Vladimír (referee)
Introduction: Pelvic organ prolapse is a major health problem affecting 50% of parous women over the age of 50. The lifetime risk for pelvic floor surgery for prolapse is likely to be between 10 and 20% and a large number of patients require repeat surgery for recurrence. Cochrane review showed that mesh use at the time of anterior repair reduce the risk of recurrence. In our first study we prospectively evaluate the impact of mesh insertion during anterior repair on sexual function and quality of life. Mesh insertion may be associated with significant and in some cases serious adverse events. To justify its use, it seems necessary to identify women at high risk of prolapse recurrence. There is evidence indicating that levator ani avulsion injury is closely associated with prolapse recurrence. The aim of our second and main study was to demonstrate in a prospective randomized way that levator avulsion may be used to identify patients at high risk for failed native tissue prolapse surgery. Methods: The first study prospectively evaluated with validated questionnaires the impact of mesh insertion on quality of life and sexual function. The second study is a single-center, prospective, randomized interventional trial of two standard surgical procedures for post-hysterectomy vaginal vault prolapse in...
Obstetric interventions and pelvic floor disorders
Rušavý, Zdeněk ; Kališ, Vladimír (advisor) ; Roztočil, Aleš (referee) ; Mašata, Jaromír (referee)
Obstetric interventions and pelvic floor disorders - Abstract One of the principal objectives of obstetric interventions in the second stage of labor is prevention of pelvic floor trauma and associated pelvic floor disorders. The most commonly used and also most frequently discussed interventions are manual perineal protection and episiotomy. The majority of pelvic floor disorders are of subjective nature. Therefore, tools for objectification and severity quantification of these disorders are the key to reliable comparison and identification of the most effective interventions. The aim of the dissertation was to find the most effective modification of manual perineal protection, to compare two frequently used types of episiotomy regarding all pelvic floor disorders and finally to find a consensus on the most suitable instrument for anal incontinence severity assessment. Our studies concerning manual perineal protection experimentally described the direction and extent of perineal deformation during vaginal delivery. The subsequent studies on biomechanical model demonstrated that the most effective method of manual perineal protection in peak perineal strain reduction is when the fingers are placed on the perineum 6 cm laterally and 2 cm ventrally from the posterior commissure at both sides and are...
Delivery and the Pelvic Floor
Kališ, Vladimír ; Rokyta, Zdeněk (advisor) ; Martan, Alois (referee) ; Roztočil, Aleš (referee)
Vaginal Birth in Primiparas and Anal Incontinence Objective: An investigation of incidence and degree of anal incontinence after vaginal delivery among primiparas and characterizing of the risk factors Design: Prospective observational study Setting: Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Charles University and Faculty Hospital Pilsen, the Czech Republic Methods: 346 primiparas after consecutive vaginal delivery between 2000 and 2001 were included. All delivered in lithotomy position. Questionnaires were sent few days after delivery and then 2 and 6-9 months later. Analysis of returned questionnaires. 28 obstetric parameteres assessed. Results: 46.5% women responded. 23 women registered leakage of flatus before delivery. Two months postpartum 1 (0.6%) patient reported fecal incontinence and 22 (14.3%) flatus incontinence de novo or impaired already present incontinence. 6-9 months after delivery the same patient (0.6%) reported fecal incontinence and 16 women (10.4%) incontinence of flatus. 10 of them felt impaired quality of life. Anal incontinence gradually improved during the time (in 76%). Risk factors of developing (worsening) of anal incontinence were antenatal anal incontinence (in two months period) and women weight (or BMI) meassured at 6-9 months after birth. None of nine patients after forceps...

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1 Kališ, Vladislav
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