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Alkaloid isolation from Fontinalis antipyretica Hedw.
Malá, Marie ; Martin, Jan (advisor) ; Kašparová, Marie (referee)
Marie Malá, Isolation of alkaloids from Fontinalis antipyretica, thesis, Charles University in Prague, Faculty Of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, 2012, 55 pages. The thesis Isolation of alkaloids from Fontinalis antipyretica, deals with quantification and isolation of substances of alkaloid character from above mentioned moss. The plant material collected in different localities in Czech Republic was extracted with methanol. The extract was subesquently used for isolation of alkaloids by HPLC method. The obtained amount of β-Carboline alkaloid was 2,4mg. The results of HPLC analysis (retention time, spectrum) of this sample were compared to harmalol standard and found the same. Finally the H NMR analysis proved, that the substance obtained by this experiment is not harmalol, but someother β-Carboline alkaloid.
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Plant secondary metabolites with anti-inflammatory activity
Michalicová, Alena ; Karlíčková, Jana (advisor) ; Kašparová, Marie (referee)
- ENG Michalicová A., Plant secondary metabolites with anti-inflammatory activity, Diploma thesis 2012/2013, Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, pp.74. Secondary metabolism of plants, building on primary metabolism, is a source of many substances - called secondary metabolites. These substances show a diverse range of effects that are currently used in pharmacy and medicine. A large number of secondary metabolites exhibit, for example, anti-inflammatory activity. The choice of plants with this effect, together with a summary of secondary metabolites (flavonoids, tannins, alkaloids, glycosides etc.), which are mainly responsible for this activity, is mentioned in my diploma thesis.
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Iron-chelating properties of fruit extracts of various elderberries
Gorová, Barbora ; Mladěnka, Přemysl (advisor) ; Kašparová, Marie (referee)
Charles University Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology Candidate: Barbora Gorová Supervisor: Assoc Prof. Přemysl Mladěnka, Pharm.D., Ph.D. Title of thesis: Iron-chelating properties of fruit extracts of various elderberries Inorganic iron is the major food source of iron in humans. It plays role in many biochemical reactions. Thus, iron metabolism disorders can lead to different diseases associated with lack of iron or iron overload. One of the possible treatment modalities of the latter represents the administration of iron chelators. Elderberry, Sambucus nigra L. (Adoxaceae), has been used in traditional medicine. The fruits of elderberry are a rich source of cyanidin-based anthocyanins as the main component. There are important differences, both in chemical and physical properties between several cultivars of elderberry. Anthocyanins might interact with metals in the gastrointestinal tract by formation of chelates. However, data on metal interactions with anthocyanins are sparse. The main aim of this study was to perform the analysis of interaction of iron with elderberry fruit extracts as a rich and cheap source of anthocyanins with cyanidin as the aglycon. In this in vitro study ten elderberry fruit exctracts were tested for iron chelating activities...
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Plant tissue culture of Juniperus virginiana L. as perspective source of podophyllotoxin
Srbová, Lenka ; Kašparová, Marie (advisor) ; Siatka, Tomáš (referee)
Charles University in Prague Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Pharmacognosy Student: Lenka Srbová Supervisor: PharmDr. Marie Kašparová, Ph.D. Title of diploma thesis: Tissue culture of Juniperus virginiana L. as a promising source of podophyllotoxin. The diploma thesis deals with the cultivation of Juniperus virginiana tissue cultures. A growth was observed at Juniperus virginiana two years old culture (variety 'Glauca' and 'Grey Owl') after adding various concentrations of phenylalanine (1 mmol.l-1, 10 mmol.l-1 and 100 mmol.l-1 ) at selected time intervals. The results show that the highest increase in callus fresh weight was detected at Juniperus virginiana variety 'Grey Owl', particularly on the 14th day after adding 10 mmol.l-1 phenylalanine. Suspension culture was successfully derived from the Juniperus virginiana two years old callus culture (variety 'Glauca').
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The influence of elicitation on the production of Trifolium pratense L. suspension culture.
Kyprová, Kateřina ; Kašparová, Marie (advisor) ; Siatka, Tomáš (referee)
Mgr. Kateřina Kyprová The influence of elicitation on the production of Trifolium pratense L. suspension culture. The proces of elicitation makes use of the kapacity of plants and plant cells cultivated in vitro to react to various stress stimuli by a number of protective reactions leading to increased accumulation of secondary metabolites. The paper examined the effect of four concentrations of calcium ions on the production of flavonoids and isoflavonoids by means in the suspension culture of Trifolium pretense L. which was elicited by an abiotic elicitor - 10 µmol solution of lead dichloride. The culture was cultivated on a Gamborg medium with an addition of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid and 2 mg.l-1 6- benzylaminopurine. The maximal content of flavonoids found by a photometric determination according to Pharmacopoeia Bohemica 2005 was demonstrated in the suspension culture Trifolium pratense L. (0,355 %) after 6 hour administration of the elicitor and a 1 mmol calcium chloride solution. In comparison with the control and elicited groups, the production was stimulated by 63 % and 25 % respektively. The maximal content of isoflavonoids (genistin, daidzein, genistein, formononetin and biochanin A) found by a HPLC metod was demonstrated in the suspension culture Trifolium pratense L. (variety DO-9)...
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In vitro cultures of medicinal plants - VI
Čvejdlíková, Zuzana ; Tůmová, Lenka (advisor) ; Kašparová, Marie (referee)
Zuzana Čvejdlíková Cultures of medicinal plants in vitro - VI Abstract This thesis deals with the plant cultivation in vitro. I studied the influence of abiotic elicitor N-(2- brom-3-methylphenyl)-5-terc-butylpyrazin-2-carboxamid (in concentrations: c1 = 8.36.10-4 mol/l, c2 = 8.36.10-5 mol/l, c3 = 8.36.10-6 mol/l) on the production of flavonoids in the callus and suspension cultures of Ononis arvensis L. The content of flavonoids was determined by photometric method. The highest content of flavonoids (about 5800 %) was observed after elicitor treatment at concentration c3 (8.36.10-6 mol/l) after 48 hours.
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Microscopy of Liquiritiae radix of different origin. II
Holečková, Dana ; Spilková, Jiřina (advisor) ; Kašparová, Marie (referee)
In the Czech Pharmacopoeia the drug Liquiritiae radix is defined as dried, unpeeled or peeled, whole or cut root and stolons of Glycyrrhiza glabra L. and/or Glycyrrhiza inflata BAT. and/or Glycyrrhiza uralensis FISH. The subject of this thesis was microscopic evaluation of roots and stolons G. glabra, G. pallidiflora, G.echinata and G. uralensis grown in the Czech Republic. Size of calcium oxalate crystals, vessels-wall, diameter width of vessels and number of medulary rays and amount of vessels were detected. By the comparision of the anatomical structure we can differentiate mainly G. pallidiflora. This thesis also summarises the information about different kinds of licorice, chemical compounds, pharmacological aktivity, further use and growing methods. Part of the thesis is photographic documentation of native preparation and pulverized drugs.
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Production of secondary metabolites in plant tissue cultures
Beránková, Petra ; Siatka, Tomáš (advisor) ; Kašparová, Marie (referee)
Production of secondary metabolites in plant tissue cultures The influence of ammonium cerium(IV) nitrate (0.055, 0.55, 5.5, 55 and 275 mg/l of medium) as a potential elicitor of scopoletin production in cell suspension cultures of Angelica archangelica L. was investigated. The cultures were cultivated in a liquid Murashige and Skoog nutrient medium supplemented with 2 mg/l 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid and 0.4 mg/l benzylaminopurine in the light or dark. The content of scopoletin was determined by high performance liquid chromatography with fluorometric detection. The elicitor treatment improved production of scopoletin. In the dark-grown cultures, the highest amounts of scopoletin in the medium as well as in cells were reached with a concentration of 0.55 mg/l, in comparison with non-elicited culture. In the light-grown cultures, the content of scopoletin was increased only in the medium with an elicitor concentration of 0.055 mg/l.
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Study of flavonoids in preparations registered in the Czech Republic.
Relovská, Magdalena ; Spilková, Jiřina (advisor) ; Kašparová, Marie (referee)
The flavonoids are compouns of the plant origin. They have a signifficant importance for the plants. They entice pollinaters, protect the plants against ultraviolet radiation a free radicals. The flavonoids are compound derived from phenylchroman. The basic structure is formed from 2-phenylchroman. If the phenyl is located in the position 3, they are named isoflavans and if it is located in the position 4, they are named neoflavans. The flavonoids were, are and still will studied from the point of their properties and effects and their probable using in the prevention and treatment of some diseases. In the present time they are used for their venopreventative effects. They are the components of food supplements, but also of the registrated drugs that are used in phlebology, respective they are combined with proteolytic enzymes. The results of the many studies show, that flavonoids have many various effects to live organism. They have signifficant antioxidant activity, have antivirotic, antibacterial and antimycotic activity, they act as antiinflammatory agents, have antiallergic effect, could decrease the blood pressure and the cholesterol level, act as inhibitors of many enzymes, have antimutagenic and anticancer effects. We also have information, that they have antidiabetic, antiadipogenic and...
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