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Diagnosis of PTSD - A contribution to validization per interview and questionnaire methods
Králová, Michaela ; Preiss, Marek (advisor) ; Dymešová, Gabriela (referee)
The aim of the diploma thesis is to contribute to the validation of diagnostic methods Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Checklist-5 and Life Events Checklist-5 intended for PTSD diagnostics. For this purpose, the practical part of this work focused on finding differences between the group of respondents from the general population (N = 303) and the clinical group of people exposed to trauma (N = 28). As part of the research of this work, a clinical group of persons who were assigned PTSD criteria according to DSM-5 and DSM-IV for posttraumatic stress disorder was created. The clinical group of persons was divided into the groups "diagnosed with PTSD" and "at risk of diagnosed with PTSD" according to the fulfilled DSM- 5 criteria. The results of statistical data analysis verify the validity of the Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Checklist-5 method, in which the clinical group of people diagnosed with PTSD achieves statistically higher results than the control group, as well as the group of people exposed to trauma at risk of PTSD. A statistically significant difference was also found between the control group of people diagnosed with PTSD and the group of people from the general population in methods measuring the rate of anxiety and depressive symptoms, confirming the convergent validity of the...
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Demands of the Teacher's Proffesion on the Teachers' Voice
Králová, Michaela ; Tichá, Alena (advisor) ; Koverdynský, Luděk (referee)
This dissertation thesis deals with the demands on teachers' voice and proper use of voice in the teacher's profession. The whole thesis consists of two parts: theoretical and practical. The theoretical part is divided into nine sections: the anatomy and physiology of the vocal tract, voice developement, comparison of spoken and singing voice, psychological impact on voice, voice defects and hygiene, voice reeducation, methods of voice diagnostics and voice acoustics. The research part presents the findings of acoustic voice measurement. Students (only women) of Faculty of Education in Prague participed in the research. The objective of this part was to asses the quality of students' voice and their voice readiness for future teaching.
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Father Woodland as motivational learning environment for hospitalized and sick children
Králová, Michaela ; Jirotková, Darina (advisor) ; Hejný, Milan (referee)
This Diploma Thesis deals with the use of semantic arithmetical environment "Father Woodland" in the experimental teaching of a sick child. First aim of the thesis was to verify the motivational power of the environmment. For this purpose the experiment with a hospitalized pupil of fourth grade was realized. Second aim of the thesis was to elaboarte such educational material, which could be used in mathematical education of pupils of 2nd - 5th grade of primary school beside their current textbook at their longer stay in a hospital. For completeness materials on the general pediatric patients, their specific characteristics, needs and rights are also included. The Thesis is accompanied by both written experimental materials and all materials which were created within the work on the Diploma Thesis.
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Developmental relationship of preliteracy skills and a short term memory
Králová, Michaela ; Seidlová Málková, Gabriela (advisor) ; Kučerová, Olga (referee)
The topic of the bachelor thesis is an exploration of relationships of key pre-literacy skills (phonemic awareness, knowledge of letters, rapid automatized naming) and a short-term verbal memory. The purpose of the exploration is to seek a deeper understanding of the processes of short-term verbal memory involved in the early acquisition of reading and writing. The bachelor thesis is divided into theoretical and empirical part. The theoretical part defines the assumptions of the development of reading skills and those that we can consider as the most important in the development of reading skills based on research. The emphasis is placed on short-term verbal memory in the development of reading skills. How important short-term verbal memory is in the development of reading skills is a question of research. The question arising from these research is whether the effect of short-term verbal memory on reading is reducible on the quality of phonological processing or whether short-term verbal memory has a separable effect on the initial acquisition of reading. The empirical part of the thesis describes research carried out in two state kindergartens in the Capital City of Prague. A total of 19 children in the last year of kindergarten were given tests mapping pre-literacy skills (phonemic awareness,...
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Time orientation at kindegarten focused on the sun and the moon
Havlíková, Jana ; Kaslová, Michaela (advisor) ; Králová, Michaela (referee)
TITLE: Orientation in time at kindergarten focusing on the Sun and Moon AUTHOR: Bc. Jana Havlíková DEPARTMENT: SUPERVISOR: PhDr. Micheala Kaslová ABSTRACT: This diploma thesis deals with the development of orientation in time focusing on the Sun and Moon in preschool children as part of the attendance at kindergarten. In the theoretical part, in addition to the definition of the term of time from various disciplines, there is also an outline of the development of perception and measurement of time in terms of both evolutionary and individual development. Many activities in kindergartens are preserved for a long time, however the observation of the sky itself has slowly disappeared from education programs and plans. The practical part is focused on setting up scenarios of individual activities for observing the position of the sun in the sky, the length and direction of the sun's shadow, and the awareness of the alternation of the day with the night and the seasons. All this within the framework of action research, which was implemented in one kindergarten class. KEYWORDS: pre-mathematical literacy, preschool education, pre-school age, time, orientation in time, sun, shadow, universe, day and night
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Comparison of Pupils ́ Strategies of Solving Word Problems
Králová, Michaela ; Hejný, Milan (advisor) ; Coufalová, Jana (referee) ; Jirotková, Darina (referee)
Primary intention of this doctoral thesis is to examine the potential of mathematical word problems and comparison of various solving processes of mathematical word problems among pupils. The theoretical part of this thesis is based on definition of the term "problem" and shows how different basic psychological directions approach this concept. This is followed with narrower definition of mathematical problem with particular regards to solving process itself, its phases and factors affecting its success rate. Afterwards, the mathematical problem is put in concrete terms with mathematical word problem and its diagnostic and didactic potential is examined. Using real examples and modifications, this thesis shows concrete task situation and its practical use in teaching. The actual research processed data obtained as a result of active survey focused on analysis of solutions used by pupils, putting emphasis on occurrence and type of a mistake and the moment of its emergence. The target group was pupils of lower primary schools. This research showed significantly higher success rate of pupils lead by constructive approach. Also, it proved false certain beliefs held by some traditionalists especially about the importance of written mathematical word problems, usage of unknowns or using the routine...
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Talent shows in the CR and in the world-the analysis of selected talent formats and their procedures in the television broadcasting and thier influence on the behaviour of the audience
Králová, Michaela ; Kruml, Milan (advisor) ; Jirák, Jan (referee)
In my dissertation I survey the historic progress of the reality TV and the reality show, focussing on the specific genre of the talent shows, which stands for the current phenomenon of the entertainment industry in TV broadcasting. Using the method of the oral history I'll explain in detail the principals of running these shows on chosen formats and point out how different or same strategies can appear in shows all over the world. Further I'll focus on the structure and the level of a production, main features of the audience personality and behaviour, for example forming the relationship between the viewer and the participants on the basing on personal stories or praising and idealising the competitors. The next step of my analysis will be a depiction of the economic thesis and rules, which run the talent shows, which give them a direction and drive them on the TV market. I'll give an insight into the terms as the affective economics, building lovemarks or an inspiring fan, which are characteristic for the era of the convergence of media, which are considerably covered by talent shows. In the end my work depicts also the role of the jury and their specific trail, which are necessary for the viewer ratings and potential success of the certain show. Further my work will point out the typical marks...
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Reasons of discarding blood donors at transfusion department of Hospital České Budějovice a.s.
KRÁLOVÁ, Michaela
The topic of thesis are reasons for discarding blood donors. The aim of this thesis is to evaluace the amount of discarded blood donors and the reasons for elimination in 2015 and 2016, further implementation of pre-sampling and post-sampling tests in the Blood Bank Department of the Hospital ČB, Ltd. In the theoretical part I attend to important events in the history of transfusion medicine. Next I deal with criteria for receiving blood donors, evaluation of the blood donors and ways, amounts and frequency of blood collections. The important part of my thesis are the reasons for discarding blood donors, which are divided into temporary and permanent. There are registers, in which these donors are registered. In the methodological part I attend to pre-sampling and post-sampling tests, which are performed in the Blood Bank Department of the Hospital ČB, Ltd. At pre-sampling laboratory measurement of hemoglobin amount on HemoCue 201+ is performed. For new blood donors the blood group orientation is examined on the slide. Donors plasma, platelets or in case of chylozity blood at the last sample hematokrit is examined. Further examination post-sampling test, which are include tests of infectious markers and imunohematology. For examination infectious markers are of service analyzer Architect, tests make on this analyzer are: Ab anti HCV, Ag and Ab HIV, Ab against Treponema pallidum and HBsAg. Immunohematology tests are examination with a dispenser Qasar and imagine analyzer Duet Reader. These two devices are jointly involved in the testing of AB0 blood group and RhD, screening of irregular anti-erythrocyte antibodies and examination of a group of Rh Kell. In 2015 there were 15 048 blood donors and 360 women and 306 men were discarded. In 2016 there were 15 788 blood donors and 286 women and 211 men were discarded. The most blood donors were discarded because of unsufficient amount of hemoglobin.
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Demands of the Teacher's Proffesion on the Teachers' Voice
Králová, Michaela ; Tichá, Alena (advisor) ; Koverdynský, Luděk (referee)
This dissertation thesis deals with the demands on teachers' voice and proper use of voice in the teacher's profession. The whole thesis consists of two parts: theoretical and practical. The theoretical part is divided into nine sections: the anatomy and physiology of the vocal tract, voice developement, comparison of spoken and singing voice, psychological impact on voice, voice defects and hygiene, voice reeducation, methods of voice diagnostics and voice acoustics. The research part presents the findings of acoustic voice measurement. Students (only women) of Faculty of Education in Prague participed in the research. The objective of this part was to asses the quality of students' voice and their voice readiness for future teaching.
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Father Woodland as motivational learning environment for hospitalized and sick children
Králová, Michaela ; Jirotková, Darina (advisor) ; Hejný, Milan (referee)
This Diploma Thesis deals with the use of semantic arithmetical environment "Father Woodland" in the experimental teaching of a sick child. First aim of the thesis was to verify the motivational power of the environmment. For this purpose the experiment with a hospitalized pupil of fourth grade was realized. Second aim of the thesis was to elaboarte such educational material, which could be used in mathematical education of pupils of 2nd - 5th grade of primary school beside their current textbook at their longer stay in a hospital. For completeness materials on the general pediatric patients, their specific characteristics, needs and rights are also included. The Thesis is accompanied by both written experimental materials and all materials which were created within the work on the Diploma Thesis.
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