National Repository of Grey Literature 5 records found  Search took 0.00 seconds. 
Biodosimetry for persons exposed to alpha radiation: dependence on malignity (exp. work).
KŘÍŽOVÁ, Marcela
In the thesis I focus on evaluation of the effect of familiar occurrence of cancer on presence and number of micro-nuclei in blood preparations with particular groups of persons. One of the biodosimetry methods, test for presence, number and kind of micro-nuclei, was used. I was not investigating the dosages as such and connection of the number of micro-nuclei with the dose, however, I followed up the effect of potentially influencing side factor on presence and number of micro-nuclei, which is the familiar occurrence of tumour. As a lot of information about ionizing radiation, its sources, radioactivity, radio-biologically important quantities, mechanisms of effects, molecular and cellular changes and biodosimetric methods as such falls under the topic, the theoretical part of diploma project is dedicated to such information. In the practical part, evaluation of the number and kind of micro-nuclei with set groups of persons is carried out. These groups of persons are particularly exposed to ? radiation. They are employees of spa Lázně Jáchymov, former miners from already closed uranium mines in Příbram and current miners from uranium mines GEAM o. z. Dolní Rožínka. These selected persons are divided according to their workplaces into two groups, i.e. a group of persons without cancer occurrence in the family and a group of persons with occurrence of cancer in their families. The numbers of bi-nuclei cells without micro-nuclei and with micro-nuclei and the kinds of micro-nuclei were determined with all these persons using fluorescence microscope. Expression and comparison of percentages of bi-nuclei cells with micro-nuclei to total number of all bi-nuclei followed and then expression and comparison of proportion of micro-nuclei without centromeres to the number of micro-nuclei of both kinds (with centromeres and without centromeres) with all persons and groups were carried out. Based on the results gained from statistical assessment, it was found that differences between percentages of the two main compared groups of persons did not show higher genomic instability (statistically significant difference) in persons with familiar occurrence of cancer than in persons without cancer in the family. But by comparing the shares of micronuclei without centromeres was proved statistically significant difference between these main groups.
Importace of verification treatment irradiaton position of IMRT prostate
KŘÍŽOVÁ, Marcela
Prostate cancer is the most frequent oncological disease in men. Based on the disease phase and extent, patiens with prostate carcinoma diagnosis are treated with number of different therapies including radical prostatectomy, hormone therapy, chemotherapy, brachytherapy, conventional radiotherapy, conformal radiotherapy and combination of these. This Bachelor Thesis deals with prostate carcinoma treatment using a special conformal radiotherapy method - IMRT (Intensity Modulated Radiotherapy). The first section describes the disease charakter from the clinical point of view and the disease diagnosis, followed by treatment modalities. The main part examines and describes IMRT, treatment planning and resultes from statistic evaluation of irradiation position deviations. IMRT technique allows escalation of the irradiation dose while protecting critical structures. In this way the patient can be irradiated with a total dose of 80 grays (Gy). Patients are irradiated in a linear accelerator. Modulation of the radiation beam using multileaf collimator allows irradiation of different segments of target volume with different doses, so that overal homogenity of the irradiation treatment is achieved through nonhomogenous distribution of the dose. Escalation of the irradiation dose is in a close relationship with the irradiaion position and isocentre position kontrol, so that the treatment quality is guaranteed preventing damane to surrounding healthy tissue. Fixing the patient in irradiation position as well as reproductibility of the position is of essentials importance. The isocentre in irradiation position is verified efore every fraction. Verification portal images are acquired using EPID (Electonic Portal Image Device) Portal Vision LC 250 and then compared with reference verification images acquired by CT when planning the treatment. Portal images are made up of two fields of 12x12 cm size under 0 and 90 or 270 degrees. Deviations are recorded in craniocaudal, mediolateral and anterior-posterior axes, and if they exceed 3mm, the irradiation position is corrected on the irradiation table. In this Thesis, deviations in a group of 30 patients were evaluated using the Aria-Offline Review programme which is an accesory to the treatment planning system. In one third of the statistical group of patient, deviations identified using on offline review were compared with deviations identified by start efore each fraction. Dutiny statistical processing, deviations were recorded within ranges 0-3 mm, 3,1-5 mm and over 5mm. 69% of acceptable deviations were recorded within the 0-3 mm range in the craniocaudal axis, 71% in the mediolateral axis and 67% in the anterior-posterior axis. Based on a complete analysis and evaluation of the deviations we can conclude that verification of the irradiation position in treatment of prostate carcinoma using IMRT is essentials to guarantee the irradiation treatment quality. We have also verified that deviations between 0 and 3 mm are acceptable and in no way impair the treatment quality.

See also: similar author names
7 KŘÍŽOVÁ, Marie
6 KŘÍŽOVÁ, Markéta
8 KŘÍŽOVÁ, Martina
9 KŘÍŽOVÁ, Michaela
1 KŘÍŽOVÁ, Michala
6 KŘÍŽOVÁ, Monika
3 Křížová, Magdalena
6 Křížová, Marcela
7 Křížová, Marie
6 Křížová, Markéta
1 Křížová, Marta
8 Křížová, Martina
9 Křížová, Michaela
4 Křížová, Milada
2 Křížová, Miriam
6 Křížová, Monika
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