National Repository of Grey Literature 182 records found  1 - 10nextend  jump to record: Search took 0.00 seconds. 
Public Procurement and Budgeting of Municipalities
Šafářová, Kristýna ; Kalabiška, Roman (advisor) ; Janský, Petr (referee)
This thesis analyzes the spending behavior of municipalities regarding public contracts, mainly the relationship between municipal public procurement spending and fixed capital formation, using a unique panel dataset containing data on 3,404 Czech municipalities for the years 2011- 2022 made specifically for this purpose. The relationship was found significant and positive regardless of other municipalities' characteristics: size, regional affiliation, and political affiliation. Although the distribution of spending on public procurement during municipal election terms pointed to a certain degree of opportunistic spending in the years of elections, no definitive conclusion could be made for the subset of parties present both in the municipal and national government at the same time. It was also found that in most cases, the established national political parties ruling in municipalities are more likely to invest in all three main contract types (construction works, services, supplies) as opposed to having no contract when compared to independent candidates. A prediction of future short-term gross fixed capital formation was ruled out as unreliable using the dataset in question. JEL Classification C55, C81, H57, H72 Keywords public procurement, budgeting of municipalities, municipal capital...
Analysis of the 2024 state budget expenditure in light of the 2019 pre-crisis year
Janský, Petr ; Kolář, Daniel
Our analysis compares the 2024 state budget proposal approved by the government with 2019 state budget results. The interim period includes two major events with a number of significant economic impacts - the coronavirus and Russia’s aggression in Ukraine. We compare the percentage increases in key state budget expenditures with the 40.6% increase in prices and the 33.9% increase in nominal gross domestic product (GDP) over the same period, 2019-2024. Comparison that takes inflation into account is indicative of the change in the real value of spending, while comparison accounting for GDP growth shows the change in the shares of spending in GDP.
The impact of Brexit on the activity of banks: 2013-2021 country by country reporting data
Hatalová, Lucia Mária ; Janský, Petr (advisor) ; Sivá, Soňa (referee)
The withdrawal of the United Kingdom from the European Union marks one of the most important events in recent history. The consequences of Brexit, particularly the loss of passporting rights in the services sector, have had severe adverse effects on British trade because it created barriers and challenges for British businesses to access the EU market and vice versa. This thesis aims to contribute to the existing literature on the impact of Brexit on financial ser- vices, specifically focusing on the banking sector. I use the country-by-country reporting data spanning from 2013 to 2021 to investigate the activity of 44 Eu- ropean banks. Using the turnover of the banks as a substitute for measuring banking activity, I estimate the gravity model employing the PPML and OLS estimators. The results indicate a negative effect of 24% on the turnover of British banks abroad relative to the domestic turnover. This suggests that the loss of pass- porting rights and the subsequent regulatory changes decreased the international operations of UK-based banks. In contrast, EU-based banks experienced 30% higher turnover in partner countries than domestically. 1
The determinants of motion picture box office performance in the Czech Republic
Usov, Artem ; Polák, Petr (advisor) ; Janský, Petr (referee)
This thesis examines factors influencing box office performance in the Czech Republic. With an original dataset of over 1400 observations spanning 2013- 2022, the thesis explores the impact of the following factors: country of origin, user reviews, production budget, star power, awards, and holiday releases. The ordinary least squares estimation method is used for the analysis. Findings reveal that movie performance is positively affected by Czech origin, user re- views, production budget, star power, and awards. This research contributes to understanding the Czech movie market and offers insights for policymakers, producers, and distributors. Further research opportunities include analyzing sequels' effects, marketing spending, and further clarification of the role of re- viewers. JEL Classification D80, D49, C50 Keywords movie, revenue, analysis, the Czech Republic Title The determinants of motion picture box office performance in the Czech Republic Author's e-mail 10822023@fsv.cuni.cz Supervisor's e-mail petr.polak@fsv.cuni.cz
Who is most affected by price increases? Differences in inflation for different types of households 2020–2023
Janský, Petr ; Kolář, Daniel ; Šedivý, Marek
Between January 2020 and March 2023, prices in the Czech Republic rose cumulatively by an unprecedented 33%. In this study, we demonstrate the differences in price inflation experienced by different types of households.
Effect of Enhanced Financial Transparency on Foreign Aid Captured by Elites
Žalman, Jan ; Palanský, Miroslav (advisor) ; Janský, Petr (referee)
This thesis estimates the capture of foreign aid in developing countries, where elites divert the aid intended for economic growth and poverty reduction to offshore bank deposits in tax havens. Using publicly available data, we analyze the relationship between aid disbursements and offshore deposits and find that while the aid capture persists since 1990, the enhanced financial transparency has had a diminishing impact. We also investigate the role of portfolio invest- ment and corruption, emphasizing the importance of addressing these issues to ensure effective aid redistribution. Our findings suggest that the individu- als benefiting from the flow of funds to tax havens during aid disbursements are likely ruling elites, highlighting the need for greater transparency in aid distribution. JEL Classification F35, O19 Keywords aid capture, offshore bank deposits, foreign aid, fi- nancial transparency, tax havens Title Effect of Enhanced Financial Transparency on For- eign Aid Captured by Elites 1
What Drives the Location of Profits: Examining the Behavior of Multinational Enterprises from Country-by-Country Reporting
Boukal, Tomáš ; Janský, Petr (advisor) ; Palanský, Miroslav (referee)
Multinational enterprises (MNEs) are increasingly using offshore financial centers to pay lower taxes on their profits. This behavior has distortive effects on the global economy, as the concentration of MNE activities resembles the global map of taxation. In this thesis, I exploit the OECD country-by-country reporting statistics to analyze the determinants behind the location of profits. I employ a gravity model and demonstrate that profits are highly sensitive to geographical proximity, with both physical and societal distance being significant factors. Furthermore, my findings suggest that, first, the existing literature's definition of financial secrecy lacks a conclusive role in attraction of extra profits, as its effects are likely to be already conveyed through taxation. Second, regarding the profits specifically located in offshore jurisdictions, a reverse gravity relationship exists, where multinationals are willing to incur extra costs to shift profits to more distant tax havens, revealing yet another geographical aspect of taxation.
Profit shifting of European banks: Evidence from Global Reporting Initiative data
Sůva, Daniel ; Janský, Petr (advisor) ; Pavlova, Alena (referee)
This thesis investigates the profit shifting practices of European banks using country-by-country reporting data. The main contribution is the first use of Global Reporting Initiative reports by hand-collecting a sample of six banks. The thesis estimates the banks' effective tax rates in two ways, highlighting the advantages and limitations of each method. Additionally, the study com- pares the economic activity, employees, and tangible assets in tax havens and estimates multiple models to estimate the amount of shifted profits into tax havens. The analysis finds no significant connection between the effective tax rate of jurisdiction and booked profits, which is in contrast to a large body of existing literature. It concludes that the sampled banks do not systematically use tax havens but confirms a positive relationship between a bank's size and its participation in profit shifting. The thesis also highlights the correlation between tax transparency and lower tax avoidance among the sampled banks, which is in line with the hypothesis that increased transparency can increase tax revenue.
(Not) increasing social benefits in 2012–2023: an overview
Janský, Petr ; Kolář, Daniel
In this overview, we map trends in the value of social benefits over the past ten years and compare them to trends in inflation, average salaries and old age pensions. If the real purchase power of benefits is to remain stable, they should be raised at least at the same rate as inflation. If we want social benefits to continue to provide the same level of financial security, keeping pace with economic developments in the long term, then their value should rise at approximately the same rate as the average salary, and spending on benefits should increase at approximately the same rate as GDP.
Global corporate tax reforms and how they might reduce profit shifting of multinational corporations
Pravda, Matúš ; Janský, Petr (advisor) ; Palanský, Miroslav (referee)
Global corporate tax reforms and how they might reduce profit shifting of multinational corporations Matúš Pravda 3rd January 2023 This study examines whether global corporate tax reforms might increase tax revenue which was reduced by the profit shifting of multinational corpora- tions. These reforms have been built on the minimum corporate tax rate and redistribution of undertaxed profits. Tax revenue gains of jurisdictions under all three tested global models show significant improvement in contrast to the status quo. Pillar II proposal would bring USD 198 billion in extra revenue, METR proposal USD 305 billion and the Tax deficit model USD 214 billion in 2017. However, significant differences are observed between geographical re- gions and income groups. North America and the EU are the largest recipients of extra tax revenue whereas Africa and Latin America & the Caribbean Islands are the smallest. Income group results show the same composition with high- income countries contributing by around three-quarters to the extra revenue gains. BEFIT Scenario 2 would result in USD 33 billion in extra tax revenue for the EU Member States, which is double the amount of Scenario 1. 1

National Repository of Grey Literature : 182 records found   1 - 10nextend  jump to record:
See also: similar author names
25 JANSKÝ, Petr
11 Janský, Pavel
11 JÁNSKÝ, Pavel
25 JÁNSKÝ, Petr
11 Jánský, Pavel
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