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Analysis of dual diagnoses in the Outpatient Service for children and adolescents of the Department of Addictology
Jandáč, Tomáš ; Šťastná, Lenka (advisor) ; Harsa, Pavel (referee) ; Čerešník, Michal (referee)
Univerzita Karlova 1. lékařská fakulta Studijní program: doktorský Studijní obor: adiktologie Mgr. Tomáš Jandáč Analýza duálních diagnóz v provozu Ambulance dětské a dorostové adiktologie (abstrakt v anglickém jazyce) Analysis of dual diagnoses in the Outpatient Service for children and adolescents of the Department of Addictology (abstract in English) Disertační práce Školitelka: Mgr. Lenka Šťastná, Ph.D. Konzultant: doc. MUDr. et PhDr. Kamil Kalina, CSc. Praha, 2023 Abstract Background - With the emergence of the new concept of child and adolescent addiction medicine and the Czech Guidelines in Addiction Medicine, there is a need to describe the target population of children and adolescents with dual diagnoses. Although this issue is well described in the adult population, there is insufficient support in the czech literature for the pediatric population. Aims - The aim of the study is to determine the prevalence of dual diagnoses in patients of the Outpatient Service of Children and Adolescent Addictology of the Department of Addictology of the 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague. Another aim is to determine whether and what relationships exist between the type of substance used or between non-substance dependence and other mental illnesses. The third...
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Prevalence of kratom use among 8th and 9th-grade students in primary schools in the Nymburk district - a questionnaire survey
Škabradová, Barbora ; Jandáč, Tomáš (advisor) ; Votavová, Aneta (referee)
Background: Mitragyna Speciosa - a plant, more commonly known as kratom, that has a history and tradition in Southeast Asia for centuries. In recent decades, it has been gaining popularity worldwide. In addition to its benefits, which include energizing, pain and stress relief, and reducing opiate withdrawal symptoms, kratom use carries health risks along with the development of addiction. In the Czech Republic, kratom is not yet legislated, its use is not regulated and everyone, including children, has access to it. Aims: The aim of this study was to map the lifetime prevalence among 8th and 9th graders in the Nymburk district and patterns of use, their awareness in terms of effects, risks and availability, sources of information about kratom and attitudes towards it. Methods: The data were collected using a paper questionnaire in four primary schools in the Nymburk district. The schools were selected by random sampling. 287 pupils participated in the survey. Results: 17.8% of pupils had experience with kratom. Boys reported experience more often than girls. More than half of the respondents with experience have used kratom at most twice, got it for free from a friend and tried it out of curiosity. The most well-known desirable effects in pupils' minds were feeling calm and relaxed and increased...
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Alcohol use among college students who belong to the LGBTQ community
Šilhavá, Tereza ; Vacek, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Jandáč, Tomáš (referee)
Background: Being non-heterosexual is still not fully accepted in the Czech Republic and research shows that the stressors that affect community members, negatively impact their mental health and therefore can among others cause substance abuse. Studies to date point to the distinct role of alcohol in this community and its increased use. Aim: The aim of this study was to map and describe alcohol use among university students aged 18-26 years who identify as members of the LGBTQ community. Three hypotheses were established for the realisation of the objective. The hypotheses chosen are as follows: Homosexual men have higher scores on the AUDIT questionnaire than homosexual women. Bisexual people have higher scores on the AUDIT questionnaire than people who identify as homosexual. Respondents who score higher on the AUDIT questionnaire suffer more from internalized homophobia. Methods: The work was carried out as a quantitative research, an online questionnaire which contained 39 items was created. The questionnaire was distributed through social networks and groups that bring together university students and the LGBTQ community. 122 respondents participated in the research. The data collected was processed using Microsoft Excel and further processed in the statistical program Jamovi. Descriptive...
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Psychiatric comorbidity in the context of family factors in ADDA patients with a primary addiction diagnosis
Slopovská, Hana ; Jandáč, Tomáš (advisor) ; Kulhánek, Adam (referee)
Background: Psychiatric comorbidity means the concurrence of an addiction diagnosis with one or more psychiatric diagnoses in a given individual. Psychiatric comorbidities are one of the frequent complications not only in children and adolescents, and the family background can also have a major influence on their emergence and development. Aim: The aim of the thesis is a more detailed description of the occurrence of psychiatric comorbidities in the pediatric and adolescent outpatient clinic of the Addiction Clinic (ADDA) patients with a focus on family factors that may be related to the occurrence of dual diagnosis in the given population. Methods: ADDA patient data, which comes from two sources (FONS and the SAL questionnaire), will be used to process the research, which will then be matched and anonymized. Correlation analysis will be used to analyze the data. Results: The study, which took place in the years 2015-2021, included a total of 157 respondents aged 8-18 with a primary addiction diagnosis. There were a total of 61 children with psychiatric comorbidity. The most frequently present comorbidity was hyperkinetic disorder (15,3 %). A total of 14 % of families from the total group and 11,5 % of children with comorbidities are at risk of addiction. Conclusion: According to the results of our...
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The influence of the institutional treatment on the phenonemon of self-esteem of patients in recovery from addiction diseases at the department of addictions of the Psychiatric Hospital Kosmonosy
Filipová, Zdeňka ; Šťastná, Lenka (advisor) ; Jandáč, Tomáš (referee)
Baseline: Self-esteem is often perceived as an indicator of emotional and mental well-being and life satisfaction. How we perceive ourselves is also important for our environment. Addiction disrupts the attitude towards oneself, and self-esteem becomes problematic. Therefore, it is important to focus on strengthening self-esteem in therapy. Goals: To determine the change in self-esteem of patients undergoing inpatient treatment for addiction at the Department of Addiction Treatment of the Kosmonosy Psychiatric Hospital. To demonstrate the influence of the studied categories (education, occupation, number of treatments and length of addiction) on self-esteem. To compare the change in the subjective perception of psychological quality of life in relation to self-esteem. To analyze the change in psychological and physical health. To recommend possible interventions based on the findings. Methods: This is a quantitative research conducted using questionnaires administered at the beginning and at the end of treatment. The Rosenberg Self-esteem Scale was used to assess self-esteem. The Schwartz Therapy Assessment Scale measuring the psychological aspect of quality of life was used as an additional measure. To assess treatment outcome, the Maudsley Addiction Profile questionnaire was administered,...
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Attitudes of healthcare workers towards tobacco smoking and smoking cessation: a questionnaire survey
Krejčí, Veronika ; Kulhánek, Adam (advisor) ; Jandáč, Tomáš (referee)
Background: Non-smoking staff and a non-smoking environment are prerequisites for high- quality health care. Despite this, the prevalence of smoking among healthcare workers is still high. Healthcare workers represent a specific group that should be informed about the harm of smoking. The aspect that strengthens the motivation to smoke among healthcare workers seems to be the demanding nature of work in hospital, which is associated with a higher level of stress. Part of the ethical issue of smoking is delegating one's work duties to other people and disrupting collegiality and relationships in the team in general. Aims: The aim is to determine the proportion of smokers and non-smokers in a selected sample of non-medical healthcare workers. To further identify what role a cigarette plays in the smokers' working day and how the consequences of smoking during working time are subjectively perceived. To determine the level of motivation to quit smoking and awareness of a smoking cessation program offered by the employer. To determine whether smoking affects interpersonal relationships in the workplace. Material and methods: Quantitative data collection in the form of an online questionnaire via the Google Forms platform was chosen for the implementation of the research. The basic set of research...
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Negative emotional states as a cause of relapse in the context of aftercare - case study
Poláchová, Petra ; Vondráčková, Petra (advisor) ; Jandáč, Tomáš (referee)
Background: Treatment and aftercare experience shows that addiction clients do not orient themselves to their experience, perceiving it as threatening with a habitual tendency to avoid it. Negative emotions can act as triggers for relapse, for this reason it is important to pay attention to the topic of emotions also in the aftercare phase. Aims: The aim of this paper is to describe how negative emotional states and so-called core emotions contribute to the maintenance of addictive behaviour in the aftercare phase. In the practical part, the therapeutic work with a client is presented, focusing on the treatment of two relapses, within the theoretical framework of the cognitive-behavioral model of relapse prevention and using elements of the psychotherapeutic approach of Emotion- Focused Therapy. Methods: A qualitative research method was chosen in the form of a case study of a client of a aftercare centre who had experienced two relapses. Ethical aspects of the work were observed. Results: The case study illustrates the client's motivation to avoid negative emotional states through the use of alcohol, thereby easily achieving the necessary calming and release from intrapsychic and external environmental pressures. Two main sources can be considered as triggers for relapses: feelings of loneliness...
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Relationship between the frequency of patient's visits to the Outpatient Addiction Treatment Clinic for Children and Adolescent depending on the presence of dual diagnosis
Svobodová, Barbora ; Jandáč, Tomáš (advisor) ; Rolová, Gabriela (referee)
BACKROUND - The area of addictological care, which focuses on children and adolescents, has moved forward considerably in recent years, yet this target group is still insufficiently described in comparison with, for example, the adult population. The presented thesis deals with the issue of dual diagnoses in patients of the Outpatient Addiction Treatment Clinic for Children and Adolescents. AIMS - The aim of the diploma thesis is a more detailed view of the types of diagnoses occurring among patients of the Outpatient Addiction Treatment Clinic for Children and Adolescent and the search for the possible regularity of the occurrence of the same pattern of these diagnoses (psychiatric diagnoses of patients associated with the use of addictive substances or non-substance dependence). Furthermore, the thesis focuses on the number of patient visits, i.e. the number of visits to the facility achieved by patients with different diagnoses. METHODS - The obtained data were processed using correlation analysis and descriptive statistics. The research included all patients who visited the outpatient clinic in 2015-2021. RESULTS - The most common major diagnoses in ADDA patients are pathological gambling (F63.0) and cannabinoid dependence (F12.2), the most common associated diagnoses are behavioral disorders,...
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Psychiatric Comorbidity of Patients Addictology Clinic
Linhartová, Hana ; Šťastná, Lenka (advisor) ; Jandáč, Tomáš (referee)
Background: Many patients and clients visiting addiction treatment facilities suffer from other psychiatric illnesses in addition to addiction. The treatment and especially the prognosis of these patients are all the more complicated to decide on. And they rquire more time and effort being put in them. It is also necessary tu educate the staff about the pitfalls of said clients. Psychiatric comorbidity prolongs tratment time and icreases the chance of patient relapsing. Aim: Aim of this work was to determine and map the prevalence of comorbidities of patients in the Addiction Clinic. Methods: A retrospective study was conducted from already collected data on patients who visited the Addiction Clinic at least once in 2021. The following information was provided about patients: Age, sex, region, date of visits, established diagnosis according to ICD-10. These data were subsequently adjusted clients with non-substance addiction and clients without a diagnosis of addiction or problematic use were removed. Results:The research file contains 201 clients, of which 111 are men and 90 are women. The average age of clients is 44 years. The most preferred substance is alcohol (61 %), followed by sedatives and hypnotics (13 %). 48 % of all patients in the Addiction Clinic have one or more comorbidities. The...
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