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Sulfonated azaphthalocyanines - synthesis and evaluation of their photodynamic activity
Jančárová, Alena ; Zimčík, Petr (advisor) ; Doležal, Martin (referee)
Charles University Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Analysis Author: Alena Jančárová Supervisor: doc. PharmDr. Petr Zimčík, Ph.D. Co-supervisor: RNDr. Miloslav Macháček, Ph.D. Title of diploma thesis: Sulfonated azaphthalocyanines - synthesis and evaluation of their photodynamic activity Photodynamic therapy is one of the methods used for destruction of undesirable cells. It combines three essentially nontoxic components: light, oxygen and a photosensitizer. Azaphthalocyanines (AzaPcs) are promising compounds with photosensitizing properties. However, their major disadvantage is their low water solubility and significant aggregation that decreases their photodynamic activity. The aim of this work was to synthesize an anionic derivative of AzaPc substituted with sulfonic groups on periphery characterized by good solubility in water and to evaluate its photodynamic properties. The first step in the synthesis was condensation of diaminomaleonitrile with benzil giving 5,6-diphenylpyrazine-2,3-dicarbonitrile. Subsequently, the cyclotetramerisation with zinc acetate in 2-dimethylaminoethanol as a solvent was performed. The final product was obtained by sulfonation with chlorosulfonic acid followed by hydrolysis with sodium hydrogen carbonate....
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Sulfonated azaphthalocyanines - synthesis and evaluation of their photodynamic activity
Jančárová, Alena ; Zimčík, Petr (advisor) ; Doležal, Martin (referee)
Charles University Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Analysis Author: Alena Jančárová Supervisor: doc. PharmDr. Petr Zimčík, Ph.D. Co-supervisor: RNDr. Miloslav Macháček, Ph.D. Title of diploma thesis: Sulfonated azaphthalocyanines - synthesis and evaluation of their photodynamic activity Photodynamic therapy is one of the methods used for destruction of undesirable cells. It combines three essentially nontoxic components: light, oxygen and a photosensitizer. Azaphthalocyanines (AzaPcs) are promising compounds with photosensitizing properties. However, their major disadvantage is their low water solubility and significant aggregation that decreases their photodynamic activity. The aim of this work was to synthesize an anionic derivative of AzaPc substituted with sulfonic groups on periphery characterized by good solubility in water and to evaluate its photodynamic properties. The first step in the synthesis was condensation of diaminomaleonitrile with benzil giving 5,6-diphenylpyrazine-2,3-dicarbonitrile. Subsequently, the cyclotetramerisation with zinc acetate in 2-dimethylaminoethanol as a solvent was performed. The final product was obtained by sulfonation with chlorosulfonic acid followed by hydrolysis with sodium hydrogen carbonate....
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Sulfonated azaphthalocyanines - synthesis and evaluation of their photodynamic activity
Jančárová, Alena ; Zimčík, Petr (advisor) ; Doležal, Martin (referee)
Charles University Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Analysis Author: Alena Jančárová Supervisor: doc. PharmDr. Petr Zimčík, Ph.D. Co-supervisor: RNDr. Miloslav Macháček, Ph.D. Title of diploma thesis: Sulfonated azaphthalocyanines - synthesis and evaluation of their photodynamic activity Photodynamic therapy is one of the methods used for destruction of undesirable cells. It combines three essentially nontoxic components: light, oxygen and a photosensitizer. Azaphthalocyanines (AzaPcs) are promising compounds with photosensitizing properties. However, their major disadvantage is their low water solubility and significant aggregation that decreases their photodynamic activity. The aim of this work was to synthesize an anionic derivative of AzaPc substituted with sulfonic groups on periphery characterized by good solubility in water and to evaluate its photodynamic properties. The first step in the synthesis was condensation of diaminomaleonitrile with benzil giving 5,6-diphenylpyrazine-2,3-dicarbonitrile. Subsequently, the cyclotetramerisation with zinc acetate in 2-dimethylaminoethanol as a solvent was performed. The final product was obtained by sulfonation with chlorosulfonic acid followed by hydrolysis with sodium hydrogen carbonate....
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Sulfonated azaphthalocyanines - synthesis and evaluation of their photodynamic activity
Jančárová, Alena ; Zimčík, Petr (advisor) ; Doležal, Martin (referee)
Charles University Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Analysis Author: Alena Jančárová Supervisor: doc. PharmDr. Petr Zimčík, Ph.D. Co-supervisor: RNDr. Miloslav Macháček, Ph.D. Title of diploma thesis: Sulfonated azaphthalocyanines - synthesis and evaluation of their photodynamic activity Photodynamic therapy is one of the methods used for destruction of undesirable cells. It combines three essentially nontoxic components: light, oxygen and a photosensitizer. Azaphthalocyanines (AzaPcs) are promising compounds with photosensitizing properties. However, their major disadvantage is their low water solubility and significant aggregation that decreases their photodynamic activity. The aim of this work was to synthesize an anionic derivative of AzaPc substituted with sulfonic groups on periphery characterized by good solubility in water and to evaluate its photodynamic properties. The first step in the synthesis was condensation of diaminomaleonitrile with benzil giving 5,6-diphenylpyrazine-2,3-dicarbonitrile. Subsequently, the cyclotetramerisation with zinc acetate in 2-dimethylaminoethanol as a solvent was performed. The final product was obtained by sulfonation with chlorosulfonic acid followed by hydrolysis with sodium hydrogen carbonate....
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