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"The Maidens' War" in Old Czech Chronicles
Vokurka, Vratislav ; Škarpová, Marie (advisor) ; Jaluška, Matouš (referee)
This bachelor' thesis focuses on narratives about the so-called "Maidens' War" in 12th to 17th-century chronicles of the Czech Lands, particularly in the two oldest ones: the Latin-language Chronica Boemorum by Cosmas of Prague and the so-called Dalimil Chronicle, composed in Old Czech. By analysis and comparison of the structure and selected motifs of both narratives, main similarities and differences between them are identified. Possible interpretations of selected motifs are presented. The thesis also attemps a critical reflection of past research about the story's possible origin as well as past approaches to how Cosmas' and Dalimil's narratives should be understood and what literary genre they should be assigned to. Finally the thesis offers a brief overview of other (mostly literary) material in which the "Maidens' War" story is presented.
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Disguise in the Romances of Tristan
Širůčková, Magdaléna ; Šuman, Záviš (advisor) ; Jaluška, Matouš (referee)
This bachelor thesis deals with the topos of disguise in Tristan legends of the 12th and 13th centuries. The main aim is the analysis and interpretation of five disguises: the leprous, the fool, the pilgrim, the minstrel and the monk. The work is based on primary French and German texts from Béroul to Eilhart of Oberg. The analysis relying on seven different versions of the legend allow us to glimpse the phenomenon of disguise in all its richness. The bachelor thesis summarizes the general form of the disguise and the role it plays within the Tristanian myth. It also illuminates the extent to which the mask serves to fulfil Tristan's intentions and what those intentions actually are.
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A Typology of Otherness in Travelogues from Late Medieval Bohemia
Hanžlíková, Petra ; Jaluška, Matouš (advisor) ; Škarpová, Marie (referee)
In this thesis we focus on how late medieval Bohemian travelogues are formed and how their authors work with the otherness they encounter in foreign lands. The texts of the "panoš Jaroslav", Václav Šašek z Bířkova and Gabriel Tetzel form the basis. For comparison, the travelogues of Martin Kabátník and Jan Hasištejnský of Lobkowicz are also presented in less detail. The analysis focuses first on the travelogue's claim to truthfulness. Thus, the aspects contained in the text that help to gain the recipient's trust in the information and in its authenticity are presented. The most frequent features of travelogues are detailed descriptions, subjective opinions, eyewitness accounts or bodily experiences. Subsequently, the text deal with the issue of the narrative persona that mediates otherness to the readers. The focus is on how the author as narrator manifests himself in the work, what mask he puts on for the reader and what we can judge about him on the basis of the work presented. Most noticeable is information regarding the author's background, his specific focus on certain areas and his linguistic or historical knowledge. Then there is also the relationship to religion or other qualities or personality traits derived mainly from various slight references, and consequently from the author's...
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Prophetia de duobus draconibus. Merlin's prophecies in medieval anglo-welsh conflicts
Jauernig, Jakub ; Nejedlý, Martin (advisor) ; Jaluška, Matouš (referee)
Diploma thesis Prophetia de duobus draconibus - Merlin's prophecies in medieval anglo-welsh conflicts deals with a political use of prophecies in a struggle between an English monarchs and Welsh princes. The most important among the prophecies are those revealed by Merlin. These include an interpretation of the combat between the red and the white dragon, which represent Wales and England. This thesis focuses on the character of Merlin the prophet, the medieval interpretation of the prophecies and their ultimate use in a political argumentation.
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The Cantigas de Santa Maria as a means of self-presentation of the king Alfonso X the Wise
Jaluška, Matouš ; Drška, Václav (advisor) ; Suchánek, Drahomír (referee)
The thesis deals with a method of self-presentation employed by the king of Castile Alphonse X the Learned (†1284) as it appears in his Marian songbook Cantigas de Santa Maria, where the king proclaims himself to be a troubadour of the Virgin Mary, thus creating a double character of king-troubadour. The first part presents an analysis of the »king« aspect of this double character and the alfonsine concept of monarch as a comprehending head of the people. In the second part the troubadour persona of the king is scrutinized with special emphasis on proximity between those two concepts. It is shown along the way how the close relation with the saint enables the king to enrich his secular regal power with a touch of sanctity independent of Rome.
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Literary and mythological trajectories of "Forefather Bohemus"
Deči, Vojtěch ; Jaluška, Matouš (advisor) ; Činátlová, Blanka (referee)
In his work, the graduate reflects the literary and mythological aspect of the founding figure of the "Forefather Bohemus" in the Czech literary environment. In the theoretical part of the work, he will think about the processes of mythology of history that take place around this character, and based on a comparison of key works he will present his own approach. The practical part will consist of interpretive probes into selected canonical texts: the chronicles of canon Kosmas, the so-called Dalimil and Václav Hájek of Libočany on the one side, and modern fictional works by Žofie Podlipská and Rudolf R. Hofmeister on the other. Keywords Forefather Bohemus; folklore; myth; national epic; chronicle.
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Aelred of Rievaulx and his Work De spirituali amicitia: between Tradition and Individualism
Smetanová, Zuzana ; Adámková, Iva (advisor) ; Jaluška, Matouš (referee)
This work deals with the personality of the English Cistercian monk and abbot of the 12th century Aelred of Rievaulx and his work "On Spiritual Friendship" (De spirituali amicitia). It aims to analyze Aelred's work in the broader context of Aelred's life, his other works and contemporary theological-philosophical concepts and ideals. It further intends to place him in the tradition of late ancient and medieval reflections on friendship and love with an emphasis on the monastic environment. The author made a translation and analysis of De spirituali amicitia's most important passages and compared them with Aelred's sources and originals. These include among others the work of Marc Tullio Cicero Laelius de amicitia, the writings of St. Ambrose and Augustine and the Bible. The thesis is concluded with an analysis of Aelred's "individuality", which is spread throughout his work and which is interpreted using the current discourse on individuality in the Middle Ages. Therefore, the author tries to define Aelred's place "between tradition and individualism".
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Authors as Teachers. Jan Hus' Mirrors of a Sinner and Prologues of Tomáš of Štítné
Fenclová, Tereza ; Jaluška, Matouš (advisor) ; Škarpová, Marie (referee)
This thesis focuses on two Czech medieval popularizers of theological knowledge: the controversial preacher Jan Hus and the lay theologian Tomáš Štítný of Štítné. The main goal of this thesis is to map the ways, which these authors use to act as authorities and teachers in front of their readers. At the same time, in this thesis we try to show how are these ways different with regard to the different positions of our authors. The source texts for this research are prologues of Tomáš of Štítné from his works Knížky šestery o obecných věcech křesťanských, Řeči besední and Vyšehradský sborník, and Hus' religious treatise Mirror of the Sinner.
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Eschatology in Rozmlouvání člověka se smrtí
Činčurová, Bára ; Škarpová, Marie (advisor) ; Jaluška, Matouš (referee)
The aim of the thesis is to analyze the concept of eschatology in the late medieval Czech poem Rozmlouvání člověka se Smrtí. Fistly, it summarizes previous research regarding the poem, which provides the thesis with a starting-point for further analysis. Then, it focuses on analysing the concept of the last things of man in Rozmlouvání and relates the findings with christian eschatology and eschatology of the Bible. Starting with death, it analyses the definition of the entity, its physical appearance and the imagery the poem uses to describe death. It focuses on the relation between death and the devil and intertwining of the first death with the second death, which is very prominent in the poem. Next, it turns its attention to the concept of soul and body, analysing their relation with respect to the thought of Saint Augustine and Saint Thomas Aquinas, and attempts to describe their separation and subsequent reunion during the resurrection of the dead. In the last chapter, it focuses on the destiny of man after death - first, the fate of the soul in the afterlife, then the ultimate destiny of resurrected man. It attempts, for example, to provide proof, that there is, in fact, the concept of underworld in Rozmlouvání, though not explicitly named; or to identify the intertwining of hell with second...
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