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Odessa as text. Topos of the City in the Literary Works of Authors of the Odessa School
Bognárová, Ester ; Činátlová, Blanka (advisor) ; Hrdlička, Josef (referee)
(in English): This thesis deals with the literary image of Odessa in the texts of the literary generation of authors of the early 20th century known as the Odessa School. The first part of the thesis examines the category of space in literature, focusing on the researches of scholars from the Tartu Semiotic School in the area of the Petersburg text of Russian literature. At the same time, the approaches of the Tartu Semiotic School constitute the initial methodological framework of this thesis. Following the conception of the Petersburg text, main proposition of this thesis assumes the existence of a unified Odessa text of Russian (or Ukrainian) literature. Its common features and essential characteristics are identified through the analysis of selected texts by Isaak Babel, Eduard Bagritsky, Ilya Ilf, Valentin Katayev, Yevgeny Petrov, Yuri Olesha and Konstantin Paustovsky. In an attempt to provide a comprehensive insight into the problems of the Odessa text, this thesis includes chapters introducing the historical development of Odessa and its specific position within the Russian Empire. Attention is also paid to the process of formation of the Odessa myth and the characterization of the Odessa School poetics. The thesis concludes by summarizing the most important elements of Odessa text,...
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Prayer as a literary genre and its realization in contemporary Czech poetry
Sixta, Tomáš ; Hrdlička, Josef (advisor) ; Šidák, Pavel (referee)
The thesis Prayer as a literary genre and its realization in contemporary Czech poetry deals with the question of prayer as a literary genre in poetry and then whether and how this genre is realized in contemporary Czech lyric poetry. This leads to two main focuses of this thesis. The first is theoretical research in the field of literary genres and the second is its application to specific poems. The first part deals primarily with various definitions of prayer as a literary genre in Czech and foreign literature. On the basis of their critical reflection, the thesis then goes on to discuss several key points in the study of prayer in literature, in order to present an attempt to define prayer as a literary genre itself, which divides it into a scale of four points, two of which are particularly relevant to literary scholarship (prayer in the narrower sense based on formal relatedness to the religious pattern; prayer in a broader sense based on addressing a sacred entity) and two more peripheral (prayer as a primarily religious act and a genre of church literature; a theological conception that sees all poetry as prayer). The second part of the thesis deals with specific examples of poems-prayers in collections of Czech lyric poetry published after 2010. First, three more extensive interpretations...
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Aspects of the landscape issue in Czech and Polish spiritual oriented literature of the twentieth century.
Matuszkiewicz, Iwona ; Hrdlička, Josef (advisor) ; Činátlová, Blanka (referee) ; Czajkowska, Agnieszka Maria (referee)
The dissertation Aspects of Landscape in Polish and Czech Literature of 20th Century: Stanisław Vincenz as a Middle European Writer and Czech Interwar Literature concerns landscape and spacial issues in the Hutsul tetralogy of Stanisław Vincenz (1888-1971) entitled On the High Uplands. The dissertation presents philosophical bases of landscape (Plato, Nietzsche, Cassirer, Jung, Bachelard, Heidegger) implicitly present in Vincenz's literary work. Wide theoretical spectrum was used to describe different aspects of Vincenz's universalism (Vincenz's Cosmos) founded on a real landscape of Eastern Carpathians. Those aspects concern mainly semiotic (the idea of World Scripture), mythical (Hutsul Odyssey, Slavonic Atlantis,) and philosophical (Poetics of Dwelling) meanings of landscape. Concepts of regionalism and closer homeland were used as starting points for reflecting spacial affinity between Vincenz's tetralogy and Czech interwar literature (Ivan Olbracht, Jaroslav Durych, Jiří Langer, Josef Váchal) in a wide Middle European context.
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Motive of the city in the prose of Ladislav Fuks
Marková, Tereza ; Činátlová, Blanka (advisor) ; Hrdlička, Josef (referee)
This bachelor's thesis deals with the motive of the city in three prose works by Ladislav Fuks, which are Pan Theodor Mundstock, Spalovač mrtvol and Variace pro temnou strunu. The aim of the work is to investigate how the space of the city appears in these works and what characteristic features it has. The work is methodologically based mainly on literary- topological studies of Czech authors and the monograph Citlivé město by Daniela Hodrová. Formally, the work consists of three parts. In the first, the literary space is discussed and the possibilities by which it and its concrete realization, the city, can be approached, are outlined. In the second part, the space of the city in Fuks's prose is approached and then viewed from the point of view of literary topology and semiotics. The third part focuses on the (mostly) common features of the city within individual works.
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Melos and opsis. Acoustic and visual aspects of Zbyněk Hejda's poetry
Staša, Vít ; Šebek, Josef (advisor) ; Hrdlička, Josef (referee)
The aim of the thesis is to characterize the concepts of mélos and opsis, the sound and visual aspects of poetry, as essential elements contributing to its effectiveness. Theoretically, the thesis is based on texts by Jonathan Culler and Northrop Frye, supplemented by the views of several Czech literary scholars. The interrelation of sound and visual realms is the basis for the interpretation of Zbyněk Hejda's poetry collections Všechna slast, A tady všude muziky je plno and Blízkosti smrti. Keywords Melos, opsis, Zbyněk Hejda, poetry, sound aspects, visual aspects
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Nowhere and Somewhere: Utopia, Dystopia and Their Relative Location
Pomahač, Ondřej ; Pokorný, Martin (advisor) ; Hrdlička, Josef (referee)
The work criticizes the dichotomy utopia - dystopia, especially the way the two are being defined as genres in some theoretical reflections representing that represent the main approaches to the theoretical concept of utopia and dystopia. The work also analyses sample literary texts traditionally labelled as utopias or dystopias. In the first part we review some definitions and present their shortcomings. Consequently, we reject the attempts to make general definitions as they fail to become reasonable basis for literary research. The texts being accounted for are the classical utopias and dystopias: Thomas More's Utopia, Tommaso Campanella's The City of the Sun, Francis Bacon's New Atlantis, Yevgeny Zamyatin's We, Aldous Huxley's Brave New World and George Orwell's 1984. The second part offers a comparative approach to the text analysis based on textual relationships and the assemblage of text (the rules for building the text structure). Apparently, such analysis spares the need to make general definitions of the terms and to look for the nature of utopia and dystopia.
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Meanings of Literary Childhood Spaces: The Garden in Twentieth-Century Literature
Izdná, Petra ; Hrbata, Zdeněk (advisor) ; Heczková, Libuše (referee) ; Hrdlička, Josef (referee)
Meanings of Literary Childhood Spaces: The Garden in Twentieth-Century Literature focuses on the analysis of selected twentieth-century childhood novels for adults with regard to the relationship between child character and fictional space, and reflects generally accepted cultural concept of paradisal childhood and its images in literature. In theory, the dissertation is inspired by the treatises on spatiality of human existence by phenomenologists, such as Martin Heidegger, Jan Patočka, Maurice Merleau-Ponty and O. F. Bollnow. It also elaborates insights of the Garden archetype in literary history. The critical reading of selected works examines phenomenological issues, such as child specific perception of space, nature as an extension of the human consciousness, sacred space, home, intimacy of space and death of space. Furthermore, it describes features the literary garden acquires by the union with the child in twentieth-century literature (childhood paradisal gardens, character of divine chid, character of child hermaphrodite, dynamism between fictional house and garden, garden as a miniature of the universe and children games as the imitation of Creation).
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Prague in views in literary works of post-february exile authors
Kaprálová, Klára ; Češka, Jakub (advisor) ; Hrdlička, Josef (referee)
ENGLISH ABSTRACT This dissertation is focused on Prague in views in literary works of post-february exile authors, which emigrated after year 1948: Egon Hostovský, Zdeněk Němeček and Jiří Kovtun. The picture of Prague, which we can (re)construct from their works, is different in each case. In the novel Nezvěstný of Egon Hostovský dominate followings motives: gray, weak contours, theatricality, panoptic and a metaphorical description of February Prague. The main features of the works of Zdeněk Nemeček are: close relationship between teller and main character, short dialogs, view from above, sad feelings and feeling of separation. Konvtun's work named Pražská ekloga is specific with irony (it is evidently a product of considerable time span from the other described events), naturalistic features and war atmosphere. The authors associate a considerable relationship to Prague and their contributions to the programme "Slovo a svět" of the Radio Free Europe, in spite of their different life stories and poetics. The main theoretic result of the diploma is city poetology of Daniela Hodrová ("Citlivé město"). Interpretive interest isn't limited only to the mentioned literary works, in the diploma are also considered data from the periodic newspapers and other professional literature. The objective of the...
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Analysis of a cosmic egg motif in creation myths
Tvrdá, Pavlína ; Král, Oldřich (advisor) ; Hrdlička, Josef (referee)
The aim of this thesis is to compare similar cosmogonic narratives in Indian and Chinese culture. The most important elements are the motives of the egg and the giant/god who is formed from it. Comparative method consist of the comparison of the meanings and interpretations of the motives of these two elements, depending on the expectations and character of the source of this mythological narrative. Final findings are, that the importance of both motives in the texts and their participation in the process of creation of the world change chronologically, due to changes in religious, philosophical and social preferences. In Indian cultural environment in the begining, the vague motive of the egg slowly emerges and becomes a single creative element, gaining importance and continues to the stage where it reaches the same level of importance as the cosmic being. The primordial being on the other hand, loses its function of cosmic matter and passes it to the egg. The being itself then plays an active role rather than an object. China, for its religious scepticism suppressed motive of the egg until it was completely removed from texts. The primary role is played by the cosmic giant whose role is not focused on the creation of the world itself but the desintegration of the giants body, representing fission...
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Death as an artifact: aesthetisation of death in works of Georges Rodenbach and Jiří Karásek ze Lvovic
Zvoníčková, Michaela ; Vojvodík, Josef (advisor) ; Hrdlička, Josef (referee)
The aim of the submitted thesis is a comparison of symbolism of a double in Georges Rodenbach's Bruges-la-Morte and Romány tří mágů of Jiří Karásek ze Lvovic. We will focus maily on death as a key motif of literature at the fin de siècle and a motif that is, in works we are examining, closely linked with the existence of a double. We will inspect motif of a double in the context of psychological states of mind. The choice of compared texts was motivated by the process of self disintegration. The process of self disintegration is closely connected with the process of depersonalisation which appears when a subject makes contact with a soulful space or a object. Cities (Bruges, Venice, Prague) which are the scene of this self disintegration take a special place in the literature of symbolism as a urban space of art and death at once. Despite mutual relation of life and art, the strange tension, and the phenomenon of annihilation, is still present within this relation.
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