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Phylogeography and genetic diversity of the populations of Gobius niger (Gobiiformes: Gobiidae)
Hradečný, Jakub ; Vukićová, Jasna (advisor) ; Perdices, Anabel (referee)
Gobies (Gobiiformes: Gobiidae) are the most speciose fish family and the most abundant fish group of the European seas. Yet, the population genetic diversity has been studied in only a few European goby species. Although the ocean is seemingly a continuous habitat, there are barriers to gene flow in marine environment in form of e.g. straits or marine currents. The black goby (Gobius niger) is a demersal marine fish with planktonic larvae, inhabiting the coastal waters of Europe, north Africa and the Mediterranean and Black Sea coast of the Middle East. The current work examined individuals from 28 localities across the distribution range of the species in order to study the population genetic diversity. The analyses of two mitochondrial markers (cytochrome b and D loop) revealed a complex structuring of the population and a pronounced intraspecific diversity (maximum uncorrected p-distance 6.1 %). The population is divided into four very diverse haplotype groups, with unexpected geographic pattern. While the population inhabiting the Atlantic Ocean and the North Sea is generally genetically homogeneous, with all examined individuals bearing haplotypes belonging to a single haplotype group, the Mediterranean population is very complex, displaying a presence of four haplotype groups, some of which...
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Phenology of mangroves
Hradečný, Jakub ; Koubek, Tomáš (advisor) ; Sklenář, Petr (referee)
The mangroves are a globally important ecosystem with an important value for many organisms, humans included. Many of the organisms are addicted to leaf production, as a part of their diet. These foliovorous organisms are directly affected by mangrove phenology, which presents differences on the global scale. It seems possible that the phenology is influenced mainly by annual temperature oscillations and its changes mark the start and the end of phenological periods. The phenology of mangroves can be influenced by another climatic factor too, as for instance rainfall or salinity. In the latitudes of 20ř, the phenological phases show unimodal mode with the long duration of phenology periods, usually longer than one year. Closer to the equator, the phenology of the plants becomes to change into a bimodal mode, with more than one peak of phenological event per year. In the area of the equator, the phenology of the plants changes into a multimodal mode, without differences during the whole year. This ideal model can be changed by local climatic extremes changing the mangrove phenology into a different mode.
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