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Motion programmes to influence body composition and physical fitness of seniors
Hráský, Pavel ; Holmerová, Iva (referee)
In this work we focused on the application of physical activity, which aimed to reduce the negative impact of physical deprivation and associated functional and structural changes in the musculoskeletal system. The principal criterion was the diagnosis of the organ systems of the locomotor system, focusing on the muscular system. The subsequent application of appropriate forms of exercise intervention was designed to mitigate the effects of the aging process and functional changes in the body of the senior individual. Finally, we wanted to assess the impact of changes in body composition in its own self- sufficiency and independence of older people and the quality of life of older people in terms of physical and psychosocial aspects. The most significant is the loss of muscle mass, sarcopenia development, increase fat mass with frequent reductions in body weight. The focus of our work and its specific purpose is to clarify the influence of the applied physical interventions. To assess changes in body composition are needed for our work used the method of multi Bioanalysis. Results in body composition in older adults have been evaluated and intra-individual measured data were compared with the general senior population. Kinesiology testing shortened muscle groups was carried out repeatedly to reduce...
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The level of physical activity during the week in adolescent football players
Vait, Marek ; Kokštejn, Jakub (advisor) ; Hráský, Pavel (referee)
Title: The level of physical activity during the week in adolescent football players Author: Bc. Marek Vait Head of work: Mgr. Jakub Kokštejn, Ph.D. Aim: The aim of the research was to determine the level of physical activity (PA) in the weekly mode with teenage football players in the junior category (16 - 17 years old) and older adolescents (18 - 19 years old). At the same time to evaluate the level of the PA in relation to selected health recommendations for the size of the PA. Methods: In the research participated a total of n = 66 players (players younger junior players n = 36; 15.8 ± 0.8, older adolescents n = 30 players; 17.2 ± 0.75. For testing of selected player were used 25 accelerometers, 14 of them was a type ActiGraph GT3X and 11 type ActiGraph GTM1. The level of PA was observed during seven days. Results: The average daily value of energy expenditure reached in the younger category of 10.9 ± 2.7, with the older 9.1 ± 3.2. Both categories fulfilled health recommendations. In the case of the daily number of steps, both categories have reached the recommended values, the values of the younger reached 13,625 ± 3049 and the older 11061 ± 3873.The average daily value of medium to high intensity PA exceeded both categories used worldwide recommendations for the minimum daily amount of...
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Physical activity in facilities for the elderly as a means of self-care and independence
Morávková, Markéta ; Bunc, Václav (advisor) ; Hráský, Pavel (referee)
Title: Physical activity in facilities for the elderly as a means of self-care and independence Objective: The main objective is to identify through research the possibilities of movement activities of seniors in institutions for the elderly, as a means to their autonomy, self-care and independence of the surrounding area. Senior age brings with it many challenges and constraints, whether physiological or psychological means. According to my research (Morávková 2013), these problems can actually affect by physical activity in both primary and secondary prevention. But the question remains whether seniors have the opportunity to perform physical activity. In my research, I focused on a situation where the senior placed in a facility for the elderly and is therefore totally dependent on the supply of equipment. Methods: The thesis is the first part researches topics of geriatrics and physical prevention of seniors. In the second part I follow research which I addressed to all traced facility for seniors in the Central Region, a total of 49 homes. There I poll examined whether there are controlled hours of physical activity, how they are targeted, whether this benefit seniors exploits and possibly what finances have to spend to participate those hours. Then I processed incoming data and interpreted...
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Effect of individual intervention programme on selected components of health-related fitness to proband without previous movement experience
Kovařík, Michal ; Hráský, Pavel (advisor) ; Daďová, Klára (referee)
Title: Effect of individual intervention programme on selected components of health- related fitness to proband without previous movement experience Objective: The main objective of the thesis is physical analysis and diagnosis of individual, individual intervention program creation and subsequent assessment of whether and how personally leaded program can affect selected components of health-related fitness to proband without any previous experience. Methods: For the needs of this thesis several types of measurements were used. Body composition using bioelectrical impedance analysis, postural stability - posturograph, laboratory stress test on a treadmill, terrain stress test on the athletics track, the basic movement patterns using diagnostic according to Janda, as a complementary test was chosen dynamometer to determine the strength of forearm muscles. Results: During the 16-week intervention changes occurred in many of the parameters. Individual intervention program has brought significant changes in body composition, specifically to reduce the ratio of ECM/BCM in the early phase of the program, but later was its exacerbation. Generally, the trend showed improvement in postural stability due to the generally realized PA. The intervention program did not demonstrate significant changes in...
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Comparison of lifestyle and selected health related fitness components between students of sports and students of general gymnasium
Hlinecká, Klára ; Hráský, Pavel (advisor) ; Nováková, Pavlína (referee)
Title: Comparison of lifestyle and selected health-related fitness components between students of sports and students of general gymnasium Objectives: The main objective is to compare the amount of physical activity, form of eating and spending of free time between students of sports and students of general gymnasium in the age of adolescence. Furthermore, assess whether and what is the difference between their physical fitness and body composition. Methods: The amount of physical activity, form of eating and spending of free time we recieved by written inquiries through survey based on a modified questionnaire 6. CAV 2001 for children and youth. We measured body composition by bioelectrical impedance using the device BIA 2000 M. Physical fitness monitored group was verified by six motoric tests: jumping from a distant place, sit-ups, beep test on 20m, the number of overhand grip pull-ups by boys, dwell in the overhand grip chin-ups by girls, the flamingo balance test and sit and reach test. The research sample consisted of 20 students of the sports gymnasium and 20 students of general gymnasium. Data were analyzed by using basic statistical functions and then compared. Results: It turned out that in our research group students of sports gymnasium are more physically active and proficient with more...
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Use of prevention exercises in basketball
Kejha, Pavel ; Hráský, Pavel (advisor) ; Velenský, Michael (referee)
Title: Application of compensation exercises in basketball Objectives: The main objective of this thesis is to verify the effectiveness of the compensation practise on selected muscle group and selected basketball players. Methods: In order to obtain the results the functional tests of the spine and testing of shortened muscle groups Janda (2004) were used, which were applied to a selected group of seven basketball player from two different teams. Measured values of shortened muscle groups - initial measurements (pretest) were compared with the results of the measured muscle groups (posttest) after less than three months of compensation program. Based on the results of the entrance test were designed tray compensatory exercises that players should adhere to within the specified regularity. Results: We found out that after almost three months of compensation program the state of shortened and weakened muscle groups has improved significantly. All the results are recorded in the form of tables and graphs. Keywords: Compensation exercises, basketball, muscle imbalance
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Individual movement compensation program influencing the correct postures at professional riders of BMX flatland
Tuček, Matouš ; Hráský, Pavel (advisor) ; Prokešová, Eva (referee)
Title: Individual movement compensation program influencing the correct postures at professional riders of BMX flatland Objectives: The aim of this work was to diagnosed the current state of the musculoskeletal system of selected probands. The next aim of this work was to created the individual movement compensation program based on the initial diagnosis and verify its effect. Partial goals were the introduction of the compensation program to probands, the confirmation of hypotheses and the interpretation of results. Methods of work: The thesis was based on the principle of case studies. Its idea was a creation and more importantly the appliciation of the individual three-months movement compensation program of five professional czech riders of BMX flatland. Part of this work was the kinesiology analysis which included the static and the dynamic testing, and the segment analysis on the Tanita MC-980 device. The Static test was consisted of the aspection and of the evaluation of the postures from three sides - from the back, from the front and from the side. Dynamic tests included the examination of muscle shortening, the examination of movement stereotypes and the testing of hypermobility. From other possible methods I used the interview, the observation and the peer to peer review. Results: At the...
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Recreational rowing as a form of leisure-time physical activities.
Omcirk, Dan ; Hráský, Pavel (advisor) ; Šteffl, Michal (referee)
Title of bachelor thesis: Recreational rowing as a form of leisure-time physical activities Author: Dan Omcirk Supervisor of thesis: Mgr. Pavel Hráský, Ph.D. Objective: Find out why respondents chose recreational rowing as their leisure-time physical activity. How is rowing beneficial or has negative effects to respondents perceive. Methodology: For research purposes was used public inquiry of three rowing clubs. Survey was completed by total number of 32 respondents aged from 23 to 75 years, of which 18 were males and 14 females. Results: Participants of public inquiry indicates positive changes due to recreational rowing. Respondent's development of conditional assumptions. Recreational swing is not usually recommended by doctors as a leisure physical activity. Recreational rowing is not conditioned by age of respondents. Keywords: physical fitness, physical activity, hypokinesia, rowing, endurance requirements, power requirements
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The relationships between the level of physical activity, physical fittness and somatotype in youth women soccer players.
Chlastáková, Jitka ; Kokštejn, Jakub (advisor) ; Hráský, Pavel (referee)
Title: The relationships between the level of physical activity, physical fitness and somatotype in youth women players. Author: Jitka Chlastáková Head of work: Mgr. Jakub Kokštejn, Ph.D. Aim: To find and compare the level of physical activity, physical fitness and somatotype in youth women players (U13 and U15). The next aim was to determine the relationships between physical activity, physical fitness and somatotype in youth women players (U13 and U15). Methods: The object of the research was a group of girls aged from 11 to 15 years. Out of them were 14 girls actually playing for U13 and another 14 for U15. The daily motion aktivity of this group was tested by 14 accelerometers Actigraph GT3X. The length of testing period was one week. The level of motion abilities was examined by testing battery UNIFITTEST 6-60 through four different exercises. Both somatic test and UNIFITTEST 6-60 were realized during a camp. Results: The results show that girls playing for U15 are generally more active than girls playing for U12 (4 171 133 counts > 2 809 934 counts). It proves a fact that older girls make daily on average 15 462 steps compare to 9 764 steps of younger girls. By this result U13 team does not meet the recommendation of 11 000 steps in a day. Further younger girls have reached lower amount of...
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The level of physical activity for young football players due to health recommendations
Šorna, Tomáš ; Kokštejn, Jakub (advisor) ; Hráský, Pavel (referee)
Title: The level of physical activity for young football players due to health recommendations Author: Tomáš Šorna Head of work: Mgr. Jakub Kokštejn, Ph.D. Objectives: The aim of this work is the weekly monitoring of physical activity for young football players and determine its size due to health recommendations for their age category. Then comparison of the possible difference results in selected indicators of physical activity between younger (Under 13 year) and older (Under 15 year) football players. Methods: The monitoring files consist of younger football players (n= 15; 12,6 ± 0,5 years old) and older football players (n= 15; 14,7 ± 0,5 years old). The accelerometers Actigraph GT3X were used for determining level of physical activity during the week. The written answer sheet of physical activity were used for obtaining additional information. Results: The results of monitoring of physical activity shows that both groups of players exceeded the reference value of physical activity in all its indicators. Younger and older football players significantly exceeded the daily recommended value which is 60 minutes of physical activity spent in moderate to very high intensity. In terms of energy expenditure value and the number of steps both groups achieved the shown recommended values: 11 kcal.kg...
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