|
|
Analysis of the conflict in Nagorno-Karabakh 2020
Sedláček, Ondřej ; Horák, Slavomír (advisor) ; Brisku, Adrian (referee)
The bachelor's thesis analyses the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict that took place in 2020. Coexistence between Armenians and Azerbaijanis in the region has become almost impossible after the conflict of the 1990s. Azerbaijan's occupation of internationally recognised territory and the subsequent stalemate over the future of Nagorno-Karabakh led to renewed military escalation. The thesis focuses in particular on the role of the two main allies of each actor in the conflict and the impact on the resulting geopolitical position in the region. On the Armenian side, the role of Russia and for Azerbaijan the support of Turkey. The aim of the thesis was to identify how the position of Russia and Turkey in the region changed after the abovementioned military conflict. The sector method was used as the initial method for this analysis and the Copenhagen School of Security Studies was the inspiration. In this thesis, the influence of the states under study was examined in each sector. Furthermore, taking into account the outcome of the war, the recognition was reached that Turkish influence in the region has significantly increased and will continue to play a key role in the future.
|
|
|
The Road to Democracy in Communist Countries: Exploring the Influences in Transformation including nationalism
Xu, Jingjing ; Svoboda, Karel (advisor) ; Hanley, Seán (referee) ; Horák, Slavomír (referee)
This research delves into the transformative political journeys of Eastern Bloc countries following the disintegration of the Soviet Union, emphasizing the distinct paths they embarked upon-ranging from democracies to autocracies. Central to this exploration is the potent role of nationalism, particularly the dynamics of inclusive and exclusive nationalism, in steering these transitions. Through comparative analyses, the study unravels the complex interplay of factors that influenced the trajectories of these nations. The findings not only map the road to democracy in communist countries but also illuminate the profound influence of nationalism on such metamorphoses. By shedding light on these intricate dynamics, the research offers a robust framework for understanding and guiding democratic transitions in other regions, emphasizing the nuances of nationalism that can either bolster or hinder the pursuit of democratic ideals. Key Words: Eastern Bloc, Political Transformation, Democracy, Authoritarian Regimes, Nationalism, Post-communist
|
|
|
Seeking Reconciliation between Georgia and Abkhazia: The Bottom-Up Approach since 2008
Salát, Patrik ; Brisku, Adrian (advisor) ; Horák, Slavomír (referee)
The diploma thesis deals with the reconciliation process between Georgia and Abkhazia after 2008. It focuses on the bottom-up approach to reconciliation and its potential for the transformation of protracted and unresolved conflict. As bilateral negotiations at the political level between Georgia and Abkhazia have been stuck since 2006, this approach may be the only tool to disrupt the current status quo. Nevertheless, the research results show that this potential is quite limited in Georgia. The current discourse about the conflict that supports the status quo is related to ethnic identity and is also supported internationally. Middle-range leaders who are a significant part of the civil peace process between Georgia and Abkhazia have attempted to disrupt this discourse. Still, even their willingness to compromise is limited by a myth-symbol complex. Moreover, participants in peace projects are not homogeneous groups that aim to disrupt the current discourse. The research results show that reconciliation outside the state level has contributed at least to the preservation of negative peace because its participants mostly avoid stereotypes, do not feel negative emotions towards the other side, and reject violence as a tool for conflict resolution.
|
|
|
Evaluation of the physical basis of the de facto state in the case of South Ossetia using Bjørn Møller's definition of statehood.
Dumpík, Marek ; Horák, Slavomír (advisor) ; Šír, Jan (referee)
This bachelor thesis deals with de facto states, precisely the case of South Ossetia, which it assesses in terms of its statehood. Bjørn Møller's definition of statehood, which distinguishes between three dimensions of the state - institutional, conceptual, and physical basis - was used to assess the South Ossetian case. This bachelor thesis addresses the physical base dimension: the economy, territory, and population. The thesis also uses the approach of strong, weak, and failing states, which is used to define the indicators more precisely under study for each component of the physical base. The thesis is divided into three main sections. In the first theoretical part, the theoretical approaches used in the thesis are introduced, and with their help, the indicators under study are proposed. The second part then presents an overview of key historical events, which provides the necessary context for the third part, which deals with the physical base of South Ossetia itself. The aim of the paper is then to answer the question of whether South Ossetia can meet the requirements placed on the state in the dimension of the physical base.
|
|
|
Hybrid war concept in the context of Israeli state activities
Wildová, Tereza ; Horák, Slavomír (advisor) ; Kalhousová, Irena (referee)
The bachelor's thesis focuses on Israel's involvement in the Syrian Arab Republic in the context of the concept of hybrid warfare.The text of the thesis is divided into three parts. The first part outlines the theoretical grasp of the concept of hybrid warfare, and how the concept is treated, scholarly discussion about the concept, and which tools and actors are considered relevant. The second part traces the Israeli engagement in Syria itself, in terms of the various methods employed, as well as the motives and interrelationships, and the legislative anchoring of Israeli activities. The third part attempts to answer the research question : "Why does Israel resort to the use of hybrid warfare against the Syrian Arab Republic and what tools does it use to do so?" with the following sub-questions "To what extent is this use offensive or defensive?", "What does Israel use to justify its actions in Syria in the context of international law?". Using theoretical analysis and a single case study as methods to develop the thesis, it was found that Israel resorts to its actions for several reasons, the main one being the issue of its security. Israel fears the deeper involvement of Iran and its allies and seeks to maintain its regional hegemony. Israel's actions in Syria can be seen as both offensive and...
|
|
|
Seeking Reconciliation between Georgia and Abkhazia: The Bottom-Up Approach since 2008
Salát, Patrik ; Brisku, Adrian (advisor) ; Horák, Slavomír (referee)
The diploma thesis deals with the reconciliation process between Georgia and Abkhazia after 2008. It focuses on the bottom-up approach to reconciliation and its potential for the transformation of protracted and unresolved conflict. As bilateral negotiations at the political level between Georgia and Abkhazia have been stuck since 2006, this approach may be the only tool to disrupt the current status quo. Nevertheless, the research results show that this potential is quite limited in Georgia. The current discourse about the conflict that supports the status quo is related to ethnic identity and is also supported internationally. Middle-range leaders who are a significant part of the civil peace process between Georgia and Abkhazia have attempted to disrupt this discourse. Still, even their willingness to compromise is limited by a myth-symbol complex. Moreover, participants in peace projects are not homogeneous groups that aim to disrupt the current discourse. The research results show that reconciliation outside the state level has contributed at least to the preservation of negative peace because its participants mostly avoid stereotypes, do not feel negative emotions towards the other side, and reject violence as a tool for conflict resolution.
|
|
|
Labour Migration and Covid-19 pandemic: The Socioeconomic Impacts of the Crisis on Tajik and Kyrgyz Migrants' Remittances
da Silva Costa, Deise Karoline ; Horák, Slavomír (advisor) ; Jordanová, Anna (referee)
This work compares the role of the remittances sent by the migrant workers from Tajikistan and Kyrgyzstan in the Russian Federation. It also examines the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on the living conditions of the migrant workers and their households. Both countries presented to be similarly susceptible to the crisis. The remittances in both cases are applied to cover the general expenses of the migrants' households. Although Kyrgyzstan is a member of the Eurasian Economic Union, the text showed that it brings it a few advantages concerning the labour migration compared to Tajikistan. However, the overall macroeconomic impact of COVID-19 was not sufficiently different, if compared to the outcomes of Tajikistan, which is not an EAEU member state.
|
|
|
The collectivization in Kazakhstan: the emergence, problems and impact on Kazakh population
Michal, Vojtěch ; Horák, Slavomír (advisor) ; Jordanová, Anna (referee)
This bachelor thesis focuses on collectivization in Kazakhstan and its consequences in this autonomous soviet socialistic republic. At the beginning of the thesis, principles, problems and process of collectivization generally in Soviet Union are described. Afterwards, the collectivization and sedentarization of nomads in Kazakhstan is presented and analyzed. The thesis also focuses on main problems of collectivization in Kazakh ASSR, consequences of it and discovers the main reasons why collectivization ended up as such a catastrophe with famine killing 1,5 million people and making other 1 million emigrate. In the end, the thesis answers a question, whether this outcome of collectivization was intended or not.
|
|
|
Dynamic of Turkish-Azerbaijan relations in the 1990s
Jafarli, Faig ; Horák, Slavomír (advisor) ; Brisku, Adrian (referee)
With the emergence of the multipolarity and the formation of new entities in the Eurasian space that happened after the collapse of the USSR in the 1990s, Turkey search for new ways economic, cultural and political alliance. Turkey decline role in the West-East tensions and was forced to turn into the East. The optimal way out of this situation was a rapprochement with Azerbaijan, from both national and ethnical point of view. Thus, the master's thesis aims to analyze the Turkish-Azerbaijani relations in the 1990s. For this purpose, the following tasks have been set. To analyse rapprochement trends in relations between Azerbaijan and Turkey after the independence and to examine the role of internal and external factors in this area, as well as the role of the legal framework in relations that were build.
|
|
|
Informal Power Structures in Georgia during Eduard Shevarnadze period (1992-2003)
Mirgatia, Edisher ; Horák, Slavomír (advisor) ; Brisku, Adrian (referee)
The main goal of the thesis is to investigate and describe the causes and mechanisms of the strengthening of informal power structures in Georgia between 1992 and 2003. The case examined in this investigation are two structures of informal powers - "National Guard" and "Mkhedrioni". The research ultimately proves the dependence of Shevardnadze's rule on these powerful structures, as well as the conditions at the time, when Shevardnadze ruled with the help of related clans, his friends and acquaintances. The work analyses the power position of these structures in his government. From the point of view of the emergence of informality, the description of Shevardnadze's government in Georgia during the period of communism in the years 1972-1985 is key to the research. The research here focuses on the tools he used to gain power through his use of informal action. As part of the research, special attention is also given to organized crime and its involvement in politics.
|
guest ::
RSS feed.