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Calcium volume and ratio effect in food of freshwater pearl mussel (Margaritifera margaritifera) on its survival and growth rate
Macháček, Vojtěch ; Horáčková, Jitka (advisor) ; Tichá, Kamila (referee)
The freshwater pearl mussel (Margaritifera margaritifera) is a protected critically endangered species in the Czech Republic, whose juvenile stages are currently unable to survive and grow on many streams, partly due to the absence of quality food with sufficient calcium supply. Pearl mussels only live in oligotrophic rivers and streams, which are generally poor in calcium. However, they need enough calcium in their food, as they use it, among other things, to build a hard shell. It is not yet clear in what form pearl mussels take calcium in their diet, but it is clear that some of its forms are a key factor for the growth and survival of juveniles. We therefore focused on the study of various forms of organic calcium in their diet (fine particulate organic matter, further shortened as "detritus") and further feeding experiments to evaluate their suitability. Within this work, detritus was collected in thirty-five localities in the upper Vltava and Blanice river basins in three seasons in two years. Samples originated both from main river channels, their tributaries and springs. Afterwards, two organic forms of calcium in the samples - citrate and oxalate - were quantified. Then, twenty localities with different contents of both forms of calcium were selected from the tested samples, from which...
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Limit factors for survival of Unionoidea in the freshwater hyporeal with a focus on Margaritifera margaritifera
Macháček, Vojtěch ; Horáčková, Jitka (advisor) ; Barák, Vojtěch (referee)
This bachelor thesis deals with physical, mechanical, chemical and biological factors that limit the occurrence, survival and reproduction of large bivalve molluscs of the Unionoidea superfamily. Accent is placed on freshwater pearl mussel (Margaritifera margaritifera) for which a rescue action plan is being implemented in the Czech Republic, as it is one of the most endangered bivalve mollusc in our country and in Europe. In addition to the already thoroughly explored factors as - water temperature, conductivity, river dynamics, river bed structure, pH, concentration of various forms of nitrogen, phosphorus and oxygen, and the interaction of large bivalve molluscs with other animals, I deal with relatively new issues of pesticides and pharmaceuticals. These are appearing in the streams due to human (in)activity, and we know almost nothing about their impact on large freshwater bivalve molluscs. I also deal in more detail with the issue of calcium, which is essential for bivalve molluscs, because they make their shells out of it, although it is not yet clear which form they accept.
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Floodplain mollusc fauna of the lower Elbe and its tributaries -its history, ecology and changes induced by invasion plant species
Horáčková, Jitka
The molluscs are very suitable model of invertebrate group for ecological and palaeoecological studies for their specific traits. In the first part of the thesis, we showed based on available fossil mollusc successions that development of the floodplain mollusc fauna took place quite different way in various river floodplains, depending on their specifics and geographical location, because especially the ones situated in the chernozem area of the Czech Republic had very different history. Detailed processing of five fossil mollusc successions in the lower Ohře River floodplain confirmed the impoverishment of recent forest malacofauna does not relate to natural processes only (chapters 3 and 10), but it arises from historical development of this area which was under permanent stress of the human settlement and agricultural utilization (chapter 1) since the coming of the Neolithic people. We made similar conclusions in case of another 11 fossil mollusc successions in the neighbouring České Středohoří Mts. (chapter 2). In the second part of the thesis (chapter 3), we investigated the ecological patterns responsible for species richness and composition of the floodplain mollusc fauna are especially the elevation and humidity gradient, and then vegetation type and its biomass, light conditions of the...
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Hodnocení pěstitelských a plodových znaků u vybraných hrušní v sadech Libina podniku ÚSOVSKO a.s.
Horáčková, Jitka
This diploma thesis is focused to observed growth characteristics, phenological phases, fertility, yields, pomological traits, diseases, pests and needs for chemical protection of selected pears varieties. Practical part was focused to two plantations on different rootstocks in orchards company Úsovsko a.s. in north Moravia. The particular captures describe extent area of intensive pears orchards in integrated and organic growing systems in Czech Republic. There are mention Individual stages of phenological phases, description of orchards management during fruit develop and presence pathogens. All results are processed in the tables and graphs. From conclusions were drawn up a possible step and recommendation. Pears orchards are profitable fruit in Czech Republic and in the world. This diploma also confirms, that observed orchards belongs to economically perspective and costs-effective.
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Limit factors for survival of Unionoidea in the freshwater hyporeal with a focus on Margaritifera margaritifera
Macháček, Vojtěch ; Horáčková, Jitka (advisor) ; Barák, Vojtěch (referee)
This bachelor thesis deals with physical, mechanical, chemical and biological factors that limit the occurrence, survival and reproduction of large bivalve molluscs of the Unionoidea superfamily. Accent is placed on freshwater pearl mussel (Margaritifera margaritifera) for which a rescue action plan is being implemented in the Czech Republic, as it is one of the most endangered bivalve mollusc in our country and in Europe. In addition to the already thoroughly explored factors as - water temperature, conductivity, river dynamics, river bed structure, pH, concentration of various forms of nitrogen, phosphorus and oxygen, and the interaction of large bivalve molluscs with other animals, I deal with relatively new issues of pesticides and pharmaceuticals. These are appearing in the streams due to human (in)activity, and we know almost nothing about their impact on large freshwater bivalve molluscs. I also deal in more detail with the issue of calcium, which is essential for bivalve molluscs, because they make their shells out of it, although it is not yet clear which form they accept.
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Microhabitat diversity of mollusc communities of plain forest in Křivoklátsko PLA
Applová, Eliška ; Juřičková, Lucie (advisor) ; Horáčková, Jitka (referee)
The thesis deals with the main factors influencing the presence of molluscs in the temperate forests located on a plain in the Křivoklátsko PLA. Křivoklátsko is very unique area of Central Europe because of its natural forests. In addition to that, molluscs can serve as bioindicators of a environmental quality. The research confirmed a significant dependence of the mollusc species diversity on site humidity, soil nutrients and soil reactions, using the Ellenberg indicator values. The results also proved the local dependence of mollusc abundance on moisture and the presence of large pieces of deadwood on the site, as the greatest number of individuals were found in the microhabitat "terrain depression", where the humidity of the environment is higher, and under a fallen tree (or at the bottom of a growing tree, if a dead log was not present at the location). The continuity of the plain forests of Křivoklátsko is probably the cause of a higher species diversity of molluscs, compared to similar types of forests in Central Europe.
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The role of discipline of Primary Art School Pupils
Horáčková, Jitka ; Heřmanová, Alena (advisor) ; Třísková, Soňa (referee)
The role of discipline of Primary Art School pupils This bachelor thesis is focused on the issue of discipline and self-discipline in the process of individual education at the Primary Art School. The main emphasis is given to the music field and its instrumental department. The author focuses mainly on socio- psychological aspects of the subject in connection to other related disciplines - pedagogical psychology, pedagogy and sociology. The whole thesis is based on the Christian view of a man and his upbringing. The work has a theoretical and practical part. The theoretical part presents opinions on this issue from various points of view found in available professional literature. It deals mainly with the initial terminology, the question of discipline, but the main emphasis is placed on the process of socialization in its entirety, which includes the theme of family, school, peer groups etc. The result is the internalization of standards and values in the life of an individual and the influence of motivation and will in the process of formation of Self-discipline, which is a precondition for self-realization. The practical part is based on a questionnaire survey of pupils and teachers of the music field of the Primary Art School. The surveys explore various perspectives of pupils and teachers on...
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Floodplain mollusc fauna of the lower Elbe and its tributaries -its history, ecology and changes induced by invasion plant species
Horáčková, Jitka ; Juřičková, Lucie (advisor) ; Pokorný, Petr (referee) ; Čejka, Tomáš (referee)
The molluscs are very suitable model of invertebrate group for ecological and palaeoecological studies for their specific traits. In the first part of the thesis, we showed based on available fossil mollusc successions that development of the floodplain mollusc fauna took place quite different way in various river floodplains, depending on their specifics and geographical location, because especially the ones situated in the chernozem area of the Czech Republic had very different history. Detailed processing of five fossil mollusc successions in the lower Ohře River floodplain confirmed the impoverishment of recent forest malacofauna does not relate to natural processes only (chapters 3 and 10), but it arises from historical development of this area which was under permanent stress of the human settlement and agricultural utilization (chapter 1) since the coming of the Neolithic people. We made similar conclusions in case of another 11 fossil mollusc successions in the neighbouring České Středohoří Mts. (chapter 2). In the second part of the thesis (chapter 3), we investigated the ecological patterns responsible for species richness and composition of the floodplain mollusc fauna are especially the elevation and humidity gradient, and then vegetation type and its biomass, light conditions of the...
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Floodplain mollusc fauna of the lower Elbe and its tributaries -its history, ecology and changes induced by invasion plant species
Horáčková, Jitka
The molluscs are very suitable model of invertebrate group for ecological and palaeoecological studies for their specific traits. In the first part of the thesis, we showed based on available fossil mollusc successions that development of the floodplain mollusc fauna took place quite different way in various river floodplains, depending on their specifics and geographical location, because especially the ones situated in the chernozem area of the Czech Republic had very different history. Detailed processing of five fossil mollusc successions in the lower Ohře River floodplain confirmed the impoverishment of recent forest malacofauna does not relate to natural processes only (chapters 3 and 10), but it arises from historical development of this area which was under permanent stress of the human settlement and agricultural utilization (chapter 1) since the coming of the Neolithic people. We made similar conclusions in case of another 11 fossil mollusc successions in the neighbouring České Středohoří Mts. (chapter 2). In the second part of the thesis (chapter 3), we investigated the ecological patterns responsible for species richness and composition of the floodplain mollusc fauna are especially the elevation and humidity gradient, and then vegetation type and its biomass, light conditions of the...
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Šlechtění a použití rezistentních odrůd jabloní v ČR
Horáčková, Jitka
This bachelor's work describes the basic production forms and systems of cultivation, breeding resistant varieties of apple resistance genes, and the extent of cultivation and provides basic descriptions and characteristics of the most commonly grown, most recently bred column-resistant varieties in the Czech Republic. It also monitors their practical use in different production systems in orchards in the village Libina in the Olomouc region.
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