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Photon-upconverting nanoparticles as a novel background-free label in immunoassays
Farka, Z. ; Hlaváček, Antonín ; Mickert, M. J. ; Skládal, P. ; Gorris, H. H.
Photon-upconverting nanoparticles (UCNPs) have become an attractive label in immunoassays because their anti-Stokes luminescence can be excited by the NIR laser and detected in the VIS region without optical background interference. Further advantages of UCNPs include good photostability, large anti-Stokes shifts, and multiple narrow emission bands that can be used for multiplexed detection. We have developed a competitive upconversion-linked immunosorbent assay (ULISA) for detection of the pharmaceutical diclofenac (DCF) in surface waters. Silica-coated UCNPs (50 nm in diameter) with carboxyl groups on the surface were synthesized and conjugated with the secondary anti-IgG antibody. The structure and monodispersity of the nanoconjugates was studied by TEM and agarose gel electrophoresis. Using a highly affine anti-DCF primary antibody, the optimized ULISA provided a detection limit of 50 pg·mL−1.
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Characterization of upconversion nanoparticles by fluorescence spectrometry and capillary electrophoresis
Vaněčková, T. ; Zítka, J. ; Hlaváček, Antonín ; Adam, V. ; Vaculovičová, M.
Upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) are a novel class of luminescent tags for applications in life and material sciences. Unlike traditional fluorophores, UCNPs exhibit emission of shorter wavelength under near-infrared excitation (typically 980 nm). In this work, we have examined these unique photophysical properties by fluorescence spectrometry and capillary electrophoresis. UCNPs co-doped with Yb(III) and Er(III) were characterized using laboratory-made fluorescence spectrometer. We have exploited and evaluated two excitation sources and the dependence of the fluorescence of UCNPs on the relative excitation power. Moreover, capillary electrophoresis with laser-induced fluorescence (CE-LIF) detection was for the first time used for characterization of the nanoparticles. It was proved that CE-LIF is a valuable method to be used for investigation of upconversion luminiscence and monitoring of the interactions of UCNPs with other molecules of interest.
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Russian Poetry at the Beginning of 21st Century
Tiazhkun, Antonina ; Hříbková, Radka (advisor) ; Hlaváček, Antonín (referee)
This diploma thesis is written on one of the least investigated and the least known areas of the Russian literature - contemporary Russian poetry. The aim of this thesis is to propose certain perception of, on one hand, the artistic patterns and contents, and, on the other hand, of the historical, cultural, social and aesthetic significance of the contemporary poetry. The key principles of the current poetic scene include the shift of the literary paradigm, aesthetic pluralism, and variety of the artistic styles. This work consists of three parts. The first chapter describes the theory of the forming of the post- Soviet literature, as well as its state after the second half of the 1980's until the present day, in the context of social, cultural and literary factors. The features and certain phenomena of the current literary process are also discussed within the first chapter. The second chapter examines the main aesthetic trends of the contemporary Russian poetry. The last part of the thesis provides the look upon the problematic and thematic characteristics as well as the stylistic features of the contemporary poetry. The research is based on the analysis of the works of some of the most outstanding contemporary Russian poets, which were included in the representative sample of this thesis: A....
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Country drama in the works of L. N.Tolstoy and brothers Mrštíkové
Dembická, Lucie ; Hříbková, Radka (advisor) ; Hlaváček, Antonín (referee)
The key feature of realism in drama is capturing a person including all it's problems and flaws. Authors L. N. Tolstoj and Mrštík brothers in Government of darkness and Marysha congruently focused on life in countryside and the negative, almost destructive, way in which cities and their culture influence it. The aim of this thesis was to capture the main motives in the changes of life in Russian and Czech countryside. This analysis concludes that the most significant shifts are in peoples' morals, mostly due to the fact that both individuals as well as the whole society were intensively driven to earn and accumulate wealth, even at the cost of happiness, health or, sadly, human life. Tolstoj's drama also captures in more detail and depth abandonment of religion in pursuit of personal profit. Although the religious motive is an inherent part of rural mentality, it's mostly missing in the play by Mrštík brothers, who themselves were atheist. Significant space in those plays has been dedicated to female characters. They are described as either dominant, manipulative women with clear goals, or the authors emphasize their vulnerability and lack of experience. Matrjona and Lízalka are mature women whose main goal is to financially provide for their childs without any regard for their children's...
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Marina Tsvetaeva and Czech Literature Environment
Sotnikova, Valeriya ; Hlaváček, Antonín (advisor) ; Hříbková, Radka (referee)
TITLE: Marina Tsvetaeva and Czech Literature Environment ABSTRACT: This thesis deals with the Czech period of life of a Russian poet Marina Tsvetaeva (1892-1941), her relationships with the local cultural society and its members, and Czech influence on her works. This study identifies the main acquaintances that affected her life and art in a frame of Czech period (mainly Anna Teskova, Mark Slonim, Frantishek Kubka, etc.). This thesis also describes cultural and social context, in which Russian immigration of the 20th century lived. There are governmental aids, periodical publications that were supported by the immigrants, main unions and communities that both - Czech intelligence and Russian immigrants supported. This thesis also describes in detail the communication between Marina Tsvetaeva and Anna Teskova, even within the French period. The final conclusion shows that, despite Tsvetaeva's bright connection with Czech culture, lack of knowledge and reluctance to learn the Czech language limited her surrounding to either Russian immigrants or Czechs who spoke Russian. In spite of this constraint, Tsvetaeva was hugely supported by her close friends not only professionally, but also emotionally. This support lasted even after her immigration to France in 1925. KEY WORDS: Marina Tsvetaeva, Russian...
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Dark side of love in Russian classical literature
Škrétová, Barbora ; Hříbková, Radka (advisor) ; Hlaváček, Antonín (referee)
The thesis is thematically defined by the phenomenon of prostitution as one of the oldest trade items. The theoretical part defines the key concept of the work, i.e. prostitution, as well as the relationship between society and this social issue. A brief overview of the history of the particular handcrafts follows with all the regulations and legislation through which the leading elities tried to suppress the existence of marketable love. The practical part deals in- depth with the approach to the concept of love in Russian philosophy of the late 19th and 20 th centuries which is reflected in the works of authors of selected literary works. For a more detailed analysis the following authors were chosen: The Darkness and Christians by Leonid Andreyev, The Event and Nadezhda Nikolaevna by Vsevolod Garshin, novelette The Pit by Alexander Kuprin and at last the short story Fit by Anton Chekhov. To understand better the approach of individual authors toward the topic of love, particularly this motif is analysed more deeply in a separate chapter. All above mentioned literary works are presented with their historical and cultural background and their subsequent adoption by the then critics.The actual display of markable love is for ease of illustration and understanding of the analysed texts based on several key...
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Figure of the Teacher in Russian Classical Literature
Štěpánková, Jana ; Hříbková, Radka (advisor) ; Hlaváček, Antonín (referee)
My bachelor's dissertation is aimed at evaluating the social status of a teacher's profession referring to Russian classical literature. The introductory part deals with cultural- historical contexts of functioning of Russian education in 19th century. The main content of my work is to introduce and analyse the issue of social status of a teacher as an important creator of children's personality mainly according to the book The little demon by F. Sologub and short stories by A. P. Čechov. Comparing the two mentionened works and other literary references the dissertation is trying to confirm or disprove the hypothesis that the profession of a teacher in Russian literature is seen as one of the most important jobs whose aim is to educate the future generation so that it is profitable for itself and for the society. The thesis concludes that teacher figures were portrayed predominantly in a negative manner. Authoritative attitude towards the children was often intensified by the teacher's alcoholism and resulted in the pupils being physically punished on a daily basis.
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