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Probiotics and prebiotics in food and other products
Langová, Denisa ; Havlíková, Šárka (referee) ; Trachtová, Štěpánka (advisor)
Theoretical part of this thesis focuses on present state and research of probiotics and prebiotics, their use for microflora modulation of host and their beneficial effects on the health of individuals. Furthermore thesis deals with efficiency of probiotics strains, which depends on the food matrix and other various factors. The experimental part focuses on the identification of chosen bacterial strain, which is contained in probiotics product. It is realized due the isolation of bacterial DNA by phenol extraction and by use of magnetic particles and subsequent analysis of obtained DNA by polymerase chain reaction (PCR).
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Isolation of PCR-ready DNA from probiotic products for baby nutrition
Mantlová, Gabriela ; Havlíková, Šárka (referee) ; Španová, Alena (advisor)
The aim of thesis is focused on isolation of DNA in quality for polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and the identification of probiotic bacteria. From six probiotic supplements for children were isolated PCR-ready DNAs using magnetic carriers P(HEMA-co-GMA). Isolated DNA was amplified by genus-specific and species-specific primers. DNAs of Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium and Streptococcus genera were identified as: L. acidophilus, L. rhamnosus, L. casei, B. bifidum, B. longum ssp. longum, B. breve, B. longum ssp infantis, B. animalis and S. thermophilus. The identification corresponded with the data declared by the producers.
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Substantive Review of Arbitral Awards in International Commercial Arbitration
Havlíková, Štěpánka ; Brodec, Jan (advisor) ; Růžička, Květoslav (referee)
Substantive Review of Arbitral Awards in International Commercial Arbitration Arbitration is a form of alternative dispute resolution, which enables the parties to resolve their dispute outside the courts. The advantage of arbitration is especially its speed and effectiveness in resolving the dispute. In general, arbitration awards in international commercial arbitration are final and binding on both parties and cannot be challenged by any form of appeal. This master thesis aims to find the answer to the question under which circumstances the parties to the arbitration proceedings may reach a substantive review of arbitral awards. The first part of the master thesis (chapters 2, 3 and 4) examines the approach of the UNCITRAL Model Law, the New York Convention on the Recognition and Enforcement of Foreign Arbitral Awards and the European Convention on International Commercial Arbitration to the substantive review of arbitral awards. The second part of the master thesis (chapters 5 and 6) deals with the legal framework for arbitration proceedings in the Czech Republic, Germany, Australia and the United Kingdom, with respect to the substantive review of arbitral awards. Using comparative method, the author compares the regulation of the arbitration proceedings in the selected jurisdictions. The last...
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Prescribing of potentially inappropriate medications in the old age - negative outcomes
Havlíková, Šárka ; Fialová, Daniela (advisor) ; Kostřiba, Jan (referee)
Introduction: Older persons represent a quickly growing segment of the population worldwide and more vulnerable population to various adverse drug reactions and adverse outcomes. Many explicit criteria of potentially inappropriate medications (PIMs) have been developed in different countries in order to improve the quality and safety of geriatric prescribing and to reduce the risk of drugs in older adults. The aim of this diploma thesis was to summarize (using narrative literature review) the negative outcomes of potentially inappropriate medications documented in pharmacoepidemological studies published by 2016 year. The outputs of diploma thesis create a part of the effort of the research subgroup "Aging and Changes in the Therapeutic Value of Medications in the Aged" and EU COST Action initiative IS1402 (2015-2018). Methods: The literature review using PubMed and Web of Science datasets during the period 10/2015 - 1/2017 was conducted. 421 studies were identified during the primary literature search and after thorough consideration of abstracts 67 (16%) of studies were selected for works on summary tables (354 of studies were excluded because in these studies only prevalence of PIMs, no negative outcomes were documented, or PIMs were defined based on implicit criteria or full text of articles...
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Voltammetric Determination of Chloramphenicol and Chlorambucil on Amalgam Electrodes
Havlíková, Štěpánka ; Fischer, Jan (advisor) ; Zima, Jiří (referee)
This diploma thesis is focused on the determination of chloramphenicol by differential pulse voltammetry (DPV), DC voltammetry (DCV), cyclic voltammetry (CV) and adsorptive stripping voltammetry (AdSV) on a meniscus modified silver solid amalgame electrode (m- AgSAE). For the determination of chloramphenicol the optimum conditions were found and under these conditions concentration dependences were measured and then limits of quantification were determined. The influence of pH of BR buffer was tested. For determination of chloramphenicol by DCV pH 7 was chosen as an optimum background and pH 8 was chosen as an optimmum for DPV determination. Under these conditions linear dependences were obtained in the concentration range of 1·10-6 - 1·10-4 mol·l-1 . The limit of detection of chloramphenicol by DCV was 2.3·10-6 mol·l-1 . The limit of detection of chloramphenicol by DPV was 2.1·10-6 mol·l-1 in distilled water, 2.9·10-6 mol·l-1 in river water and 4.2·10-6 mol·l-1 in drinking water. Electrochemical behavior of chloramphenicol was studied by cyclic voltammetry in BR buffer with pH 2, 6, 8, 12 and then mechanism of reduction of chloramphenicol was propose based on available literature. Chloramphenicol was determined in drug Spersadex by DPV in BR buffer with pH 8. The optimal conditions for determining...
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Yield of preventive examinations in the office of general practitioner in the meaning prevention of colorectal carcinoma
Havlíková, Šárka ; Hovorová, Helena (advisor)
The topic of his thesis "The yield of preventive examinations in surgery practitioner for adults in prevention of colorectal cancer " I chose based on the seriousness of this issue, and therefore the estimated High probability with which this problem will meet in their further exposure to the medical field, anticipated surgery. My selection partly due to several weeks of practice and the department of surgery at the hospital Sisters of Mercy of St.. Charles Borromeo Petrin hill in Prague, where I could stand by and assist at several operations for colorectal cancer under leadership of head physician. Sequens, PhD. To me again revealed in complexity of the whole issue and the need for early preventive measures such as the above-mentioned preventive examinations in general practitioner doctor The incidence and the mortality rate for colorectal cancer include the Czech Republic compared to the sad world firsts. More precisely, the relative first mortality in men and second in women (1995). Another alarming fact is the fact that mortality from this neoplasm is increasing (for both women and men). Since 1970 to 1995 increased mortality from colorectal cancer in the Czech Republic 61% for men and almost 44% in women. It is therefore very important research within identify risk factors for the development of...
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Isolation of PCR-ready DNA from probiotic products for baby nutrition
Mantlová, Gabriela ; Havlíková, Šárka (referee) ; Španová, Alena (advisor)
The aim of thesis is focused on isolation of DNA in quality for polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and the identification of probiotic bacteria. From six probiotic supplements for children were isolated PCR-ready DNAs using magnetic carriers P(HEMA-co-GMA). Isolated DNA was amplified by genus-specific and species-specific primers. DNAs of Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium and Streptococcus genera were identified as: L. acidophilus, L. rhamnosus, L. casei, B. bifidum, B. longum ssp. longum, B. breve, B. longum ssp infantis, B. animalis and S. thermophilus. The identification corresponded with the data declared by the producers.
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