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Memory, Remembering and Recollecting in an Amazonian Village.
Škrabáková, Ludmila ; Halbich, Marek (advisor) ; Zelený, Mnislav (referee)
Memory, Remembering and Recol lect ion in an Amazonian Vi l lage Oral hi s tory of Ocaina people in a Nat ive Communi ty Nueva Esper anza in Peruvian Amazon The Ocainas are not a very numerous t r ibe ( thei r populat ion i s no more than 300 per sons) in the Amazonian region of Peru and Colombia. Since the t ime of the f i r st contact s in the 80' s, they were forced to work as rubber picker s , fal l ing pr ey to the peon sys tem of being gradual ly indebted. They were gradual ly enslaved and murder ed by the employees of the Peruvian Amazon Rubber Company which became the sel f - proclaimed ruler of the Putumayo r egion, the Ocainas ' or iginal home . Fol lowing the discovery and invest igat ion of the genocide ( later known as the Putumayo scandal ) and the ter r i tor ial confl icts between Peru and Colombia, the Ocainas and the cul tur al ly related Hui totos, Bor as and Andoques, wer e al l for ced by thei r pat rons to move to the Peruvian ter r i tory. Dur ing the mul t iple t r ans fer s in the year s to come, many died of hunger , exhaust ion and as a resul t of epidemies of impor ted di seases, most ly measles and var iola. My aim was to f ind out how the Ocainas remember thei r pas t and what i t tel l s of thei r r elat ion to i t . I t is not surpr is ing that they ar e not par t...
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Identity and Ethnicity View of the czech ethnocultural diversity in Rio Grande do Sul
Santos, Anežka ; Halbich, Marek (advisor) ; Ezzeddine, Petra (referee)
The aim of this work is to reconstruct the history of the life of the Bo?mios living in the Brazilian state Rio Grande do Sul. This will be done through identifying the importance they ascribe to their tradition, history and memory, as well as, their activity on the Rio Grande social, economic and political scene. Also, it will be necessary to map out their symbolical world - regenerate their collective memory in relationship to important circumstances that led to their immigration to Brazil and their subsequent arrival to Rio Grande do Sul. This research brings description and analysis of the cultural aspects of the Bo?mios in Rio Grande do Sul. For this purpose, the paper draws on the foundations of the life stories of the important representatives of this culture. Recently they showed a great interest in getting to know their real origins, something we could call the search for ethnic identity as a subject of the history of immigration. They founded compatriotic groups, started learning Czech language that has never been their mother tongue and attempted to renew contacts with the Czech Republic. All these circumstances served as an impulse for this research.
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Surfing as a key cause of social and cultural changes in Moroccan Taghazout
Remešová, Lucie ; Halbich, Marek (advisor) ; Varhaník Wildová, Kateřina (referee)
1 Abstract In this thesis I am focused on long-term research in a small Moroccan village of Taghazout where I had the opportunity to observe for several years the rapid changes in the local environment; a fishing village not too affected by tourism has become a popular center for surfers from all around the world and headquarters of foreign investors, which completely changed the character of the place. I first visited Taghazout in October 2010 for the purpose of surfing, I made friends with the locals and became insider to some extent. From this position I was then gaining during the research, in which I focused specifically on the case study of my main informants and friends who are Moroccan founders of a local company, that runs business connected to surfing. I have regularly visited Taghazout since 2010 at least once a year. From 2013 I started actively doing preliminary researches and the actual fieldwork lasted from October 2014 to January 2015, when I lived in Taghazout. The aim of my study was to explore and describe primarily, what changes occurred in the village due to tourism and surfing, how are these changes reflected in the functioning of my informant's company, if they consider them negative or positive and in what ways. I confronted their statements with my own observations and with...
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Tourism in ossuary from an anthropological perspective
Horáková, Markéta ; Halbich, Marek (advisor) ; Ponocná, Petra (referee)
In this thesis I will focus on tourism in the ossuary in Kutná Hora. In the first part I plan to describe theoretical background of anthropology of tourism. In the second part I will discuss the history of ossuaries and the changes in the perception of death in society. In the final part, I will present the results of my own research of tourism in the ossuary. My aim is to relate the research I conducted, through interviews transcribed, to the theoretical approaches. Furthermore, I will present my own typology of visitors of the ossuary and also focus on the motives these tourists have to visit there. Key words: tourism, tourists, ossuary, cemetery.
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Earthship as a meshwork of material flow: The Ethnography of the Self-sustaining House Construction Process
Deáková, Tereza ; Stöckelová, Tereza (advisor) ; Halbich, Marek (referee)
This thesis is based on a qualitative research which followed the construction process of a self-sustaining house Earthship that is located in the larger centre of Prague. I am making use of Tim Ingold's approach of ecological anthropology which allows me to track the lines of the material flow and the exchange of materials which take place within the house and during the construction process of the Prague Earthship. Apart from humans there are other actants involved in these construction processes, that is non-human materials and elements of the natural environment which the building is an integral part of and which it is embedded in. With the help of the Ingold's concept of meshwork I interpret the Earthship as a living and dynamic organism, which is connected to its environment and which is through its becoming involved in various social processes. The materiality of the building navigates actions of its builders and residents and directs them to changing their life style and everyday practices towards more sustainable consumption.
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Hardcore as a critical perspective
Pokorný, Lukáš ; Samek, Tomáš (advisor) ; Halbich, Marek (referee)
This work deals with ideological trends in Czech hardcore scene. In the theoretical part it reflects the historical development of concept of subcultures from the beginning until now. Following with an explanation why it is preferable to describe hardcore with the concept of the scene. The next chapter is dedicated to the history of hardcore and tries to explain the specific ethos of the times in which hardcore was born. It also serves as a contextualization of the whole phenomena. The empirical part focuses on specific themes of hardcore ideology in Czech environment without losing sight of their roles in the past. This method tries to present hardcore more like a process than some closed phenomena stuck in time. The evolution and reflection of individual themes is important if hardcore should still be considered relevant, and thus critical and able to perceive social processes. Hardcore has started as a certain reaction to reflect the era and these characteristics are considered its roots. It was not a homogenous movement, and still is not to this day. We need to be well versed in hardcore to see its potential as a critique of the society, and the concept of "the little underground" provides a good starting point. Key words hardcore, punk, ideology, subculture, scene, society, identity,...
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Etnography of Vegan Restaurant
Mikovcová, Markéta ; Halbich, Marek (advisor) ; Vandrovcová, Tereza (referee)
The aim of the thesis is to understand elements and processes, that are constituting a specific vegan Restaurant in Prague. The method used is ethnography, particularly participatory observation completed with interviews with the owner and customers. The owner as well as the Restaurant itself and as well as every individual are hybrids created by biological, spiritual, cultural, technical and many other elements. Based on the observation I have divided these elements into four big groups: philosophical, culinary, material and human. These groups are mixing, balancing and contrasting one another and together creating the Restaurant aesthetics. In each of the chapters I show different realities and I explain the Restaurant from different views according to particular elements. By uncovering their context, the relation network which creates the Restaurant is explained. Key words: ethnography, restaurant, vegan, vegetarian, hybrid
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The collapses of distant worlds
Kozina, Václav ; Halbich, Marek (advisor) ; Budil, Ivo (referee) ; Horák, Miroslav (referee)
Diploma thesis "The collapses of distant worlds" deals with interpretations of the conquista of Mexico and Peru (i.e. the conquests of Aztec and Inca empires). The basic question, which all the works considering the conquista deal with, is: how could the arrival of small groups of Spanish conquerors disrupt great Indian empires in such a short time? My thesis has two main goals: to define the typology of interpretations of the conquista and offer my own interpretation which places emphasis on the role of mentalities and cultural complexes. I have distinguished four basic types of interpretations of the conquista: 1. the metaphysical ones; 2. the technological ones; 3. the environmental ones; 4. the mentalistic ones. I used the conception of mentalities (derived from the work of Lucien Lévy-Bruhl) and the system conception of cultur, where I worked with the term "cultural complex" especially. After my approach the conquista represented the clash between two different types of mentalities: the archaic one (which Indian societies featured) and the literary one (which was developed in European societies). Differences in mentalities and cultural complexes provided advantages to the Spaniards in their struggles with the Aztecs and the Incas. So finally the Spanish conquest of Indian empires is...
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Zionist without Zeal: Imagination and Performance of Transnational Belonging
Pokorná, Anna ; Ezzeddine, Petra (advisor) ; Halbich, Marek (referee) ; Szaló, Csaba (referee)
This dissertation based on a fieldwork conducted among Czech Jewish youth during a ten-days educational touristic program Taglit-Birthright explores production of transnational space of mutual belonging. The transnational belonging to Jewish collective is produced through particular physical space of Israel through practice of tourism in collective constructed by the programme as a collective of common origin based on "blood ties". I examine participants' tourist bodily experience, performances, emotions and attitudes as a site of production and reproduction of transnational space using a concept of embodiment as ways in which the individual grasps the world around him/her and makes sense of it in ways that engage both body and mind. Transnational space created throughout the programme becomes socially constructed emotional category of "ahavat Israel", "love for Israel" that might conceal its political implications. Keywords: Transnationalism, diaspora, tourism, embodiment, Jewish youth, Taglit-Birthright, Czech Republic, Israel
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