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Lesbian Identity as a Stigma?
Kalinová, Pavla ; Maříková, Hana (advisor) ; Grygar, Jakub (referee)
This thesis raises the question to what extent remains lesbian identity relevant as a stigma in the Czech Republic. The theoretical part shows how sexuality and homosexuality in particular is influenced and shaped by society. I draw predominantly from scientific texts of foreign origin and for information relating to the Czech Republic I draw from Czech resources. My approach to the study of sexuality is constructivist. The research part of my study I drew from the analysis of semi-structured interviews with lesbian women. Initially, I offered an insight on what it means to be lesbian by the bearers of lesbian identities themselves. In the central part of my study, I explained in what context and why are the lesbian identities usually experienced as a stigma. As part of everyday life lesbian identity manifests itself as a stigma especially when a lesbian did not come out and treats her own identity as a stigma herself. By doing so she brings tension into interactions, especially with people who she is closer with, because she constantly deals with the control of information about her lesbian identity. Dissimulation of lesbian identity gets even harder in case that she is in relationship with a woman. Such a thing is necessarily connected with closeting the relationship, which makes it difficult for the...
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Moral boundaries between Christians and atheists
Koloušková, Barbora ; Šanderová, Jadwiga (advisor) ; Grygar, Jakub (referee)
This paper deals with an idea of boundaries that christians and non-christians construct and the way these boundaries emerge and reproduce. Based on the analysis of twelve in-depth interviews, I show that the concept of moral boundaries is relevant for the relationship between christians and non-christians. Although many emphasize tolerance and understanding, they define themselves as opposed to each other in many ways. Christians consider God's commandments to be the source of morality, non-christians think it is rooted in people themselves. Christians consider relationship with God, love and good christian life to be the highest values and they think non-christians prefer money, health and family. Those admit these values, but they emphasize that being christian does not automatically mean being a good person. As a respond to today's situation, I analyze creating social distance and symbolic boundaries against ethnic and national minorities. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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Formation of witness testimonies collected at CVH Malach
Strouhal, Matěj ; Grygar, Jakub (advisor) ; Kabele, Jiří (referee)
Ve své práci ukazuji na svědeckých záznamech přístupných v Malach jakými způsoby je utvářeno svědectví. To ve své práci vnímám jako specifický žánr, který je ovlivňován zároveň diskursem a pravidly vyprávění. Ve své práci se pokouším ukázat způsoby, tomu dochází, a tím přispět k lepšímu pochopení svědectví jako takového. Důvodem této snahy je pak mimo jiné i vzrůstající míra využívání svědectví k vzdělávacím účelům, ve kterých se původně doplňkové funkce ve vzta historiografii dostává svědectví stále více prostoru i jako vlastnímu zdroji informací. Skrze výpovědi pamětníků je svědectví schopné přenášet nejen prosté informace, ale díky své autenticitě také emoce a morální apel. Ve své práci na materiálech USC Shoah Foundation Institute ukazuji způsoby, kterými dochází jak k omezování vyprávění diskursem, tak příklady, ve kterých nachází vyprávění v diskursu oporu, či taková, ve kterých se projevuje moc vyprávění nad diskursem. K tomuto závěru docházím na základě analyzování oficiálních dokumentů nadace USC Shoah Foundation Institute. Mezi ně patří podklady pro tazatele a pamětníky, které mají zmiňovaní k dispozici dříve, než je videozáznam pořizován. Dále pak návody pro katalogizování a indexování získaných svědeckých záznamů a příručka pro uživatele archivu. Ve druhé části analýzy se pak soustředím na obsah...
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The limits of the anthropological language in the works of Eduardo Viveiros de Castro and Marilyn Strathern
Klouček, David ; Grygar, Jakub (advisor) ; Tesárek, Jan (referee)
This thesis aims to compare the work of Eduardo Viveiros de Castro and Marilyn Strathern in terms of their meta-anthropological argumentation. To this end, an interpretation of the key moments of both authors' work is undertaken, with a focus on the theory of anthropology. For Eduardo Viveiros de Castro, the text focuses mainly on his conceptual work associated with the ontological turn. The concepts of perspectivism and multinaturalism and their thought context are introduced. For Marilyn Strathern, attention is focused on her melanesianist monographs in order to present the specifics of her argument, concepts such as the dividual and relationality are briefly introduced, and the author's critique of certain social science frameworks of analysis is mentioned. The intersection of the works is seen in the motif of perspective, but the work also draws attention to the limitations associated with the search for intersection. In the comparison, the author tries to create a contrast in the authors' approach by reconstructing selected parts of their arguments, which are always viewed through the logic of the other's work. The resulting confrontation shows the limits of both authors' works in terms of their concreteness and points of contention. Thus, through the optics of Strathern, de Castro does not...
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Landscape, Place, Space: a case study of Vraný nad Vltavou
Sequensová, Linda ; Uherek, Zdeněk (advisor) ; Grygar, Jakub (referee)
The topic of this diploma thesis is the suburban landscape, place and space of the Vrané nad Vltavou municipality located in close proximity to the capital city of Prague. The author approaches the suburban landscape as a specific type of landscape, which combines elements of urban and rural character. The author describes the manifestations of this landscape liminality using ethnographic methods and demonstrates the diversity of spatial structures with her own visual documentation, together with a depiction of the specificity of not only the researched landscape, but also the specificity of the suburb itself in the Czech context. Through the concept of the landscape applied in the socio-anthropological discourse, the author connects the material aspects of the natural environment with the social level of ideas, feelings, and experiences that everyone forms in contact with the landscape. In this sense, the landscape is never finished and neutral, but on the contrary, it is constantly negotiated and confirmed in the daily interactions of human and the landscape. The same holds true of the landscape, which is the subject of suburbanization processes changing its character. Therefore, on the one hand, the author depicts the character of the researched suburban landscape, on the other hand, she maps...
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How elderly people cope with loneliness: comparative study of coping strategies
Hottková, Lucie ; Grygar, Jakub (advisor) ; Hasmanová Marhánková, Jaroslava (referee)
This masters's thesis focuses on coping strategies elderly people use to cope with their loneliness. The thesis uses twenty semi-structured interviews with the elderly living in nursery home and community-dwelling elderly, which are then compared. Theoretically the thesis is based on Robert Weiss's typology of social and emotional loneliness and the current knowledge of the relationship between health and loneliness and coping strategies. The major results are that experiencing loneliness does not differ between the two selected groups, which contradicts the conclusions of previous research and that health was an important aspect in both groups. Further the thesis concludes that no relationship was found between the number of coping strategies the elderly use and their loneliness. Loneliness of the elderly in relation to the concept of coping strategies, in addition with comparassion of the elderly living in nursery home and community-dwelling elderly, is not greatly discussed topic in the Czech Republic. Thus, the master's thesis constibutes to the discussion within the Czech context on the coping strategies the elderly people use to cope with their loneliness and the differences or similarities between the two selected groups.
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Food and Nostalgy: an ethnographic perspective of the Russian food stores in Prague
Prudnikova, Elizaveta ; Grygar, Jakub (advisor) ; Hrešanová, Ema (referee)
The Russian food stores in the Czech Republic can be considered representations of the food practices for the Russian-speaking immigrant community. Despite the common notion that financial gain is a primary focus, I would like to argue that these food stores are the public spaces that link the immigrant's past and present surroundings and plays the role of the communicative bridge with their native's social network. The thesis studies the Russian food stores in Prague as a way of public space that is crucial for maintaining their cultural identity and presents as a medium during the cultural shock for the Russian-speaking immigrants represented by a common theme - nostalgia. By employing an ethnographic approach along with the discourse analysis, I attempt to demonstrate the ways of the mentioned public space being a part of the food practices for this community. The findings should contribute to the understanding of the processes and ways of assimilation in Russian-speaking immigrants, along with their national identification. Furthermore, the thesis opens a discussion regarding the accessible tools of cultural and social involvement of immigrants into the Czech community.
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Czech migrants in Poland from the perception of transnationalism
Roztočilová, Zuzana ; Uherek, Zdeněk (advisor) ; Grygar, Jakub (referee)
The work deals with the current Czech emigration to Poland. It examines how its representatives perceive their integration into Polish society and at the same time maintain transnational social ties in the Czech Republic. The author is based on the theory of transnational migration. Within this the- ory, migrants maintain ties with both the new country and the country of origin. This creates a transnational social network that connects the space of two states. At the same time as this process, however, an integration process is underway. Migrants thus integrate into the host society without breaking ties with their homeland. The imaginary space in which migrants find themselves is called the transnational social field in which migrants' identities are formed. These migrants are referred to as transmigrants. In the theoretical part of the work, the author introduces the theoretical basis of re- search on transnational migration and transnational identity. He also deals with general migration to Poland and Czech minorities in Poland. In the second part, he explains the research methodology, focusing mainly on the (auto) biographical approach, data collection techniques and their analysis. The author conducted a total of 11 in-depth interviews, which she analyzed by coding. It summa- rizes the results...
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Community housing. A Case study of the community project Bydlinská zahrádka
Hlávka, Martin ; Balon, Jan (advisor) ; Grygar, Jakub (referee)
This master's thesis looks into sociological perspectives on shared housing, or cohousing, and it is based on a case study of a project in Těšíkovská bydlina. The thesis picks up on the sociological studies of the community, which narrow down the influence of communities, and neighborly relations on the formation of shared housing. The thesis also describes various models of living together and provides specific examples of cohosing projects in various European countries. The second part of the thesis palces focus on the Bydlinská zahrádka project itself, where it employs the techniques of semi-structured interviews, narration and observation for a qualitiative study of the community. Drawing on the data garnered in this research, this work criticizes Tönnies' concepts of Gemeinshaft and Gesselschaft and further places the principles of shared living in our country in comparison with modern European trends. The work thus brings out a unique perspective on the phenomenom of cohousing in the Czech context and contributes to the discussion of why this way of living finds such a small response the Czech Republic.
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