National Repository of Grey Literature 22 records found  previous11 - 20next  jump to record: Search took 0.00 seconds. 
Environmental Aspects of Pyrotechnic Mixtures.
Mešková, Michala ; Bednařík, Karel (referee) ; Friedl, Zdeněk (advisor)
The submitted bachelor thesis deals with the study of pyrotechnic compositions and their influence on the health and environment. It explains the nature and ingredients used in pyrotechnic compositions. During burning these compositions release different compounds, toxic or non-toxic into the atmosphere in large quantities. In this work the issue of toxicity of selected alkali, alkaline earth metals and the other harmful metals was explored. The pyrotechnic compositions containing Ba, As, Pb and Cd were investigated in more detail. When burning the pyrotechnic compositions release noxious substances into the air first. Then these substances reach due to wet or dry transport mechanism the other components of the environment and mix with them. These compounds have diverse negative effects both on humans and the environment and other animals.
Possibilities of waste glycerol reprocessing
Hýža, Bohumil ; Friedl, Zdeněk (referee) ; Kizlink, Juraj (advisor)
The aim of my bachelor thesis is to describe the possibilities of waste glycerol reprocessing. The thesis is purely theoretical and the information were obtained from various literary sources. Introduction of the study deals with the technological aspects of production of biodiesel by esterification of vegetable oils with methanol. Futhermore, there is described the amount of biodiesel produced in various countries around the world. In the theoretical part of the study are mentioned physical and chemical properties of glycerol and its traditional uses include the manufacture of nitroglycerin, the pharmaceutical use, etc. There are presented different technological methods for processing large quantities of glycerol too, such as steam reforming, which generates syngas which can be used for production of liquid fuels via Fischer-Tropsch synthesis. There is also desribed reduction of glycerol to propylene glycol with hydrogen. Other methods are dehydroxylation of glycerol to 1,3 - propanediol, halogenation of glycerol to produce epichlorohydrin, the catalytic dehydration of glycerol to acrolein and 3-hydroxy-propionic aldehyde, oxydehydration to polyacrylic acid, glycerol butylation over the Amberlyst catalyst and the formation of glycerol-tert-butyl ethers used as additives for fuels , polymerization of glycerol to polyglycerols, glycerol hydrothermal conversion to lactic acid catalyzed by alkali, esterification of carboxylic acids and glycerol to form glycerol esters, selective oxidation of glycerol to glyceric acid, tartronic acid and dihydroxyacetone, and glycerol as an additive for cement.
Biotransformation of nitro aromates
Tomeček, Jaromír ; Bednařík, Karel (referee) ; Friedl, Zdeněk (advisor)
Contamination by nitroaromatic compounds, such as explosives, pesticides or other nitroaromatic compounds, is worldwide environmental problem. This text focuses on contamination by compounds from military and ammunition industry, most especially 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT), 1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazinane (RDX) and 1,3,5,7-tetranitro-1,3,5,7-tetrazocane (HMX). First goal of this work is to provide the reader with a aerobic biodegradation and transformation processes of nitroaromatic compounds named above. The second goal is to compare the toxicity of initial nitroaromates and their transformation intermediates.
Chirality and its importance in environmental organic analysis
Svobodová, Dagmar ; Friedl, Zdeněk (referee) ; Čáslavský, Josef (advisor)
This bachelor thesis is elaborated as literature search focused on the characterization of chirality and its importance for the environment. This work also gives review of the analytical methods and procedures aplicable for the chiral analysis of the organic pollutants. Obtained information showed that the importance of the chirality in the environmental chemistry is great. Individual enantiomers exhibit different toxicity and biological activity in the environment and therefore their monitoring by chiral analytical methods is essential.
Modern detection methods of energetic materials
Šesták, Jozef ; Bednařík, Karel (referee) ; Friedl, Zdeněk (advisor)
The review of modern detection methods of explosives was composed. Firstly the thesis deals with the detection methods commonly used in forensics science such as gas chromatography, mass spectrometry, ion mobility spectrometry, Raman spectroscopy and mainly their innovations. Then the thesis is focused on simple but very sensitive methods using fluorescence and chemiluminescence. At the end a methods as the results of a latest research are mentioned. The main of them are micro cantilever sensors and differential reflectometry. Security and counterterrorist warfare is main point of thesis.
Chemistry of polynitro heterocyclic compounds
Kubátková, Nela ; Bednařík, Karel (referee) ; Friedl, Zdeněk (advisor)
The review of polynitro heterocyclic compounds was written. These are substances with ability to detonate, which is caused mainly by presence of nitrogroups, which are bonded to carbon atoms in their cycles. The thesis deals with common polynitro five-membered heterocycles with one nitro atom, up to six-membered heterocycles with three nitrogen atoms. There are processed basic information of these compounds, as well as their physical-chemical properties and properties of detonation, the possibility of their preparation, which are displayed in the form of chemical reactions.
High Nitrogen Energetic Materials
Bartošková, Monika ; Bednařík, Karel (referee) ; Friedl, Zdeněk (advisor)
Literature search on high nitrogen energetic materials.
Chemistry of linear polynitramines
Teplá, Romana ; Bednařík, Karel (referee) ; Friedl, Zdeněk (advisor)
This work is focused on chemistry of linear polynitramines, their physical-chemical and explosive properties with regards to the possibility of their preparation and field of utilization as energetic plasticizers of solid propellants and smokeless powder. The use of linear polynitramines as plasticizers or energetic binders is influenced by melting temperature which increases with the number of C-N(NO2)-C units in molecule of energetic material. Linear polynitramines with lower melting temperature are utilized as plasticizers of solid propellants and smokeless powder additives. Linear polynitramines with longer chain and consequently with higher melting points could be used as binders or energetic components of rocket propellants.
Biomass as renewable energy resources
Přichystal, Lukáš ; Kizlink, Juraj (referee) ; Friedl, Zdeněk (advisor)
Bachelor’s thesis deals with an exploitation of a biomass as an energy carrier and the manners of obtaining this energy. Currently the most widely used methods of conversion of the biomass to various forms of energy, from burning to anaerobic digestion are described here. This work adverts to use the biomass not only in energetics, but also in the transport industry, as alternative fuel of vehicle engines. It describes not only the production of bioethanol from organic material, but also the techniques of hydrogen production as the fuel of future, and its use in fuel cells.
The possibilities of utilization of carbon dioxide for the preparation of dimethyl carbonate from methanol
Křenek, Jaroslav ; Friedl, Zdeněk (referee) ; Kizlink, Juraj (advisor)
Research preparation and manufacture of dimethyl carbonate from carbon dioxide and methanol, with advantage of carbon dioxide as significant waste from chemical industry.

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