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Modulated ultrasonic water jet cutting – optimization of the liquid wave guide shape
Veselý, Radek ; Foldyna, Josef (referee) ; Habán, Vladimír (advisor)
High speed water jets have un-substitutable place in unconventional technologies in the machining of materials. Indeed its larger spreading is limited above all by its really high purchase price and also high costs of the operation. Certain possibility is represented by high-speed pulsating jets, which don’t put such a high pretension on arrangement of generating the pressure during the comparable operation. Probably the most effective method of the generating of pulsating water jets is ultrasonic modulation. This work could benefit to understanding spreading of pressure impulses between ultrasonic generator and output nozzle. Pulsating is solved by the numerical calculation using transfer matrix method.
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Waterjet cutting of material
Veselý, Radek ; Foldyna, Josef (referee) ; Habán, Vladimír (advisor)
This bachelor thesis describes principles of utilization of high-speed liquid jet for material machining. In the first part, basic classification of liquid jets and brief description of devices for generating high pressure liquid is presented. Next, using of continuous jets is discussed. Main scope of this work is oriented at the use of so-called pulsed jets, especially at ultrasonically modulated ones. Break-up of ultrasonically modulated high-speed pulsed jet into single pulses, impact of such pulse on the surface of disintegrated material and subsequent erosion in the impact area are described. The comparison of efficiency of modulated and continual water jets is summarized in the last part of the thesis.
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Measurement and analysis of abrasive particles velocities in AWJ
Zeleňák, Michal ; Foldyna, Josef ; Martinec, Petr ; Cárach, J. ; Gurková, Lucie ; Nováková, Daria
Abrasive water jet (AWJ) is a progressive technology commonly used in many industrial applications. Potential of this technology is high and research in the field of optimal geometry design of an injection system has not been completed yet. New designs of the injection cutting head based on numerical simulation of the flow provide important information about processes occurring during the formation of AWJ. Detailed knowledge of velocities of abrasive particles during the abrasive water jet generation is vital for the verification of the numerical model. The aim of the experimental work was to test the applicability of the LIF (Laser Inducted Fluorescence) technique combined with the PTV (Particle Tracking Velocity) processing algorithms to analyze particle velocities at the output of the focusing tube. The combination of commonly used water pressures with abrasive mass flow rate was tested and the obtained results of abrasive particles velocities are presented in this paper.
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Visualisation and quantitative analysis of flat continuous water jet structure
Ščučka, Jiří ; Zeleňák, Michal ; Foldyna, Josef ; Lehocká, D. ; Votavová, H.
The results of an experiment focused on the visualisation and structural analysis of flat continuous high-speed water jet used in descaling process are presented in this paper. The aim of the work was to test the applicability of the shadowgraph technique, combined with image processing and analysis methods, to visualise the water jet structure and analyse its main quantitative parameters. Volume percentage of water and air in the water jet structure, size of droplets and water bunches and other parameters were measured on digital images taken at various distances from the nozzle outlet. Knowledge of the water jet structure below the nozzle can facilitate an optimal setting of technological conditions of the water jetting with respect to the maximum disintegration effect on treated material. The described methods can also provide important information for development of new nozzles or entire water jetting tools for disintegration of materials.
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Erosion effects evaluation of pulsating water jet on brass EN 12164
Lehocká, D. ; Klich, Jiří ; Foldyna, Josef ; Hloch, Sergej ; Cárach, J.
The objective of this experiment is to verify an assumption that with decreasing value of feed rate, mass v material removal Δ of brass EN 12164 during cutting by pulsating water jet is increased, and to seek the mass erosion curve course depending on the change of feed rate v [mm·s-1]. The selected observed parameter was evaluated in two units of Δ [mg·s-1] and Δ [mg·mm-1]. Two mutually related experiments were carried out. In the pilot experiment, the curve originating at hydraulic power output of 15 kW was evaluated that was achieved in combination of nozzle diameter d [mm] and pressure p [MPa] - d/p [mm/MPa] = 1.0668/52; 1.3208/39; 1.6002/31. After the pilot experiment, another experiment followed in which a particular range of feed rate values v = 0.2 - 8 mm·s-1 was selected. This resulted in finding that different courses of erosion process exist for mass material removal expressed in the form of curve Δ [mg·s-1] and Δ [mg·mm-1], depending on feed rate v [mm·s-1].
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Preliminary study using pulsating water jet for bone cement demolition
Hloch, Sergej ; Kloc, J. ; Foldyna, Josef ; Pude, F. ; Smolko, I. ; Zeleňák, Michal ; Sitek, Libor ; Hvizdoš, P. ; Monka, P. ; Monková, K. ; Kozak, D. ; Stoić, A. ; Sedmak, A. ; Milosevic, M. ; Lehocká, D. ; Mihalčinová, E.
The paper deals with the study of using the selective property of ultrasonic pulsating water jet for the disintegration of bone cement which creates the interface between femoral stem and trabecular bone tissue. For investigation, commercial bone cements were used. Bone cements were tested by nanoindentation in order to review their mechanical properties. A representative sample Palacos R+G was selected for disintegration of bone cement. Bone cements samples fixed between two plexiglasses were disintegrated using ultrasonic water jet and water jet generated by self-resonating nozzle at the pressure level of 20 MPa. Visualisation of bone cement demolition was provided with high speed 1 kHz cameras with two led pulsed sources. Potential were observed for using of pulsating water jet for bone cement demoliton during femoral stem extraction.
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