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Nausea and vomiting in pregnancy as an adaptive mechanism
Svobodová, Tereza ; Fiurašková, Kateřina (advisor) ; Horáková, Anna (referee)
The subject of this thesis is nausea and vomiting in pregnancy, an accompanying phenomenon of pregnancy for most women around the world, which etiology and possible function is unknown. Some authors consider this phenomenon to be a by-product of pregnancy hormones or immunological changes occurring with the onset of pregnancy, while others attribute an adaptive function to it. An adaptive function would be suggested by the results of studies associating nausea and vomiting of pregnancy with a lower incidence of spontaneous abortion and with some other positive pregnancy outcomes. The two most discussed adaptive hypotheses include the "maternal and embryo protection hypothesis" and the "placental growth and development hypothesis". The aim of the thesis is to summarize and critically evaluate the findings of previous studies regarding the adaptive function of pregnancy nausea, to present them in the context of studies that perceive them as a by-product of hormones or immunological changes, to evaluate the support of hypotheses regarding their possible function and to suggest further research directions in this area.
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Effect of hormonal contraception use during relationship formation on subsequent relationship satisfaction
Fiurašková, Kateřina ; Havlíček, Jan (advisor) ; Pastor, Zlatko (referee)
Results of previous studies testing the influence of oral contraceptives on relationship satisfaction have produced mixed results. These discrepancies might be explained by the "Congruency hypothesis", which predicts that relationship satisfaction is determined by the congruency (or non-congruency) between current use of oral contraceptives and their use during relationship formation. This is because oral contraceptives appear to alter women's mate preferences, so that attraction to their partner may have changed in non-congruent women. Indeed, previous studies have shown that women in a non-congruent state were less sexually satisfied with their partner, even though they were more generally satisfied in the non- sexual aspects of the relationship. The aim of our study was to test the congruency hypothesis on two groups of couples (couples attending the Center of Assisted Reproduction, and a comparison group of pregnant women and their partners; note that in neither group were women currently using oral contraception). Based on previous studies, we expected that women who used oral contraceptives at the time of relationship formation would report lower sexual satisfaction with their partner than women who were non-users during relationship formation. The study involved a total of 660 couples from...
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