|
|
Composite indicators: the construction, usage and interpretation
Hudrlíková, Lenka ; Fischer, Jakub (advisor) ; Čadil, Jan (referee) ; Hužvár, Miroslav (referee)
This thesis brings a comprehensive view on the construction, usage and interpretation of composite indicators. Methods and techniques, which can be used for constructing composite indicators, are introduced. The focus is on their contribution to the transparent solution of the problem of correlation and compensability among underlying indicators. Transparency in construction of composite indicators is a crucial requirement for obtaining reliable results and their correct interpretation. The thesis consists of two main parts. The first part is theoretically oriented. First, the problem of adequacy and subsequently a measurement of the phenomenon by means of statistical indicators are discussed. Different methods for data normalization, setting a weighting scheme and aggregation are introduced and compared. These three steps are considered to be crucial in a process of constructing a composite indicator and thus, they are the core of the thesis. The aim is to investigate an interaction of normalization methods, weight-setting and aggregation methods, since these steps are not separate. The second part of the thesis consists of two comprehensive cases. Theoretical findings are applied and empirically verified in these cases. I investigated a robustness of the composite indicator depending on a combination of selected methods of normalization, setting weights and aggregation on a set of Europe 2020 indicators. Whereas this first case dealt with the comparative analysis of methods, the second case is focused purely on one issue -- university ranking. The proposed method reacts to criticism of currently published university rankings and takes into account specifics of the particular university as well as the exogenous background characteristics. The main added value rests in a contribution to a discussion about the improvement of construction and overall quality of composite indicators including their interpretation. I pointed out the main concerns and difficulties of composite indicators that often remain unnoticed by users and even constructors. The conclusion brings several beneficial findings, which can be used for the construction of a composite indicator and an interpretation of final scores and ranking. This work can also serve as a scientific ground for further research and development of the methodology of constructing composite indicators.
|
|
|
Price calculations in national accounts
Musil, Petr ; Fischer, Jakub (advisor) ; Ondruš, Vítězslav (referee) ; Macek, Jan (referee)
The aim of this dissertation thesis is to improve price calculation used in the national accounts. The first chapter contains a description of indices and their use in the system of the national accounts. The second chapter is focused on the system of the national accounts especially supply and use tables, which are the basis for the estimate of macro aggregates at the prices of the reference period. The third chapter describes non-market services and their deflation. Output of non-market services is estimated as the sum of related costs. Input method does not allow to estimate productivity and efficiency of their provision. The main part of the chapter is devoted to the description of the developed methodology for deflation of education services in the Czech Republic, which is in line with international recommendations and enables an estimate of productivity. Using the methodology an estimate of the development of education services has been done for the year 2004 and onwards. The forth chapter deals with regional price levels and possibilities of their estimate. The description of the developed methodology as well as estimated price level for 2007 is included in this chapter. Indicators recalculated to the same price level provide quite different view on economic performance and well-being in regions of the Czech Republic.
|
|
|
Tertiary Educational Systems in the Eurepean Union
Chaloupková, Šárka ; Fischer, Jakub (advisor) ; Finardi, Savina (referee)
The thesis deals with the comparison of the 27 European educational systems. The topic covers all main aspects of education funding system at higher education level and defines the impact of funding policy on educational standard. The following part of the thesis aims at key issues of tertiary education in other countries of the European Union. The topic focuses on the main policy goals of public funding, different forms of funding mechanisms, financial autonomy and control, the extent to which access to educational institutions is free, private contributions, the system of grants, scholarships, loans and other financial and social support for learners and their families. It is described their common features and their specifics. The thesis deals with the different approach of funding higher education in time of economic growth and recession. The last part of this thesis is devoted to grouping of states based on the defined information and other data of tertiary education and to determining the sequence of the states of the European Union by the standard of education.
|
|
|
Construction of the composite leading and coincidence indicators for the Czech Republic
Zeman, Jan ; Fischer, Jakub (advisor) ; Dubská, Drahomíra (referee)
Gross Domestic Product represents the basic indicator of macroeconomic performance of the Czech economy and its importance is growing. The need to get the information on its development as quickly as possible for the necessary government actions is unquestionable, but the time taken to publish its first quarterly estimate of growth rate is significantly longer (45 days after the reference quarter) in comparison to other countries. The aim of this thesis is to attempt the construction of composite leading and coincidence indicator to estimate quarterly GDP changes, starting 30 days after the reference quarter. The methods of time series analysis, by which the relationships among GDP and indicators available in this 30-day period and possibly entering this composite leading, respectively coincidence indicator are analyzed, are used.
|
|
|
Possibilities of estimating the efficiency of financial system and granting social services
Jeřábková, Věra ; Fischer, Jakub (advisor) ; Krebs, Vojtěch (referee) ; Zelený, Martin (referee)
A significant problem of functioning the public sector is to ensure the efficiency of public expenditures. Efficiency model's creating is a dynamic process that requires regular evaluation of the socioeconomic conditions. The efficiency of financial system and granting social services is still not measured in the Czech Republic. The area of social services is affected by number of criteria and factors. So it is necessary to apply different views on evaluating the efficiency of social care, social prevention and social counseling. The efficiency of social services can not be estimated as a whole, but we should focus on different groups of social services and individual services within the group. In this thesis the efficiency is measured in the two selected residental social care services -- homes for the elderly and homes for people with disabilities. The applied methods was used only to a limited extent because of lacks of many important variables in the area of official statics. In the case of multiple criteria methods the calculation was also impeded by the availability of suitable software.
|
|
|
Total Factor Productivity Estimates
Vltavská, Kristýna ; Fischer, Jakub (advisor) ; Macek, Jan (referee) ; Čadil, Jan (referee)
The aims of the dissertation thesis are to provide the comprehensive economic-statistical viewpoint on the issue of estimating labour productivity and total factor productivity; to evaluate the quality of the available data sources and to test the usage of new inputs to the production function in the Czech Republic. The first chapter provides a theoretical basis for subsequent estimates of labour productivity and total factor productivity. The second and third chapters concentrate on a detailed definition of data sources and definitions of input and output indicators in the production function. Moreover, the second chapter introduces new approaches to the estimation of the input indicators to the production function (labour services, capital services). The fourth chapter deals with estimates of labour productivity. Specifically, the relationship of labour productivity and educational structures are examined as well as estimates for regions of the Czech Republic and estimates for non-market industry that do not allow the use of the traditional approach. The fifth chapter focuses on possible particularization and improvement of the estimation of total factor productivity using new input variables. The same chapter further compares the index number approach and econometric approach including the test of constant returns to scale. The estimation of total factor productivity in individual Czech regions is also part of the chapter.
|
|
|
Balanced Scorecard for the University of Economics in Prague
Týcová, Hana ; Neumaierová, Inka (advisor) ; Fischer, Jakub (referee)
This Masterś Thesis captures creation of methods Balanced Scorecard for the University of Economics. First, the theoretical part describes what they are nonprofit organizations and how are divided, then focuses on describing the strategy and method of the BSC. The practical part describes the University of Economics, historically and in terms of its functioning. The practical part also includes the creation of PEST analysis, Porter's analysis and the Balanced Scorecard method, which is devoted the greater part of this Masterś thesis. The results of the work is communication strategy through the strategic map.
|
|
|
The use of mathematical and statistical modeling for the estimates of consumption of fixed capital and stocks of non-financial assets
Sixta, Jaroslav ; Hronová, Stanislava (advisor) ; Fischer, Jakub (referee) ; Macek, Jan (referee)
The aim of this dissertation thesis is to compile a systematic methodical approach for fixed assets as a national methodology. It focuses on stocks, consumption of fixed capital and capital services. The thesis is divided into three parts and six chapters. Chapter one and chapter two are used as a general theoretical base for chapters 3 to 5. Chapter 3 is based on a standard approach to the perpetual inventory method (PIM) as it is used in the Czech Republic. Chapter 4 is devoted to capital services and to an alternative approach to PIM. It is not used in the Czech Republic until now. Estimates are an integral part of the chapter. Chapter 5 describes capital services for other non-market producers, both methodology and estimates are covered. The impact of the change of the so-called cost method used for the estimates of output of other non-market producers on gross domestic product is calculated. The change consists in the substitution of consumption of fixed capital by capital services. Chapter 6 summarizes and explains the consequences in terms of national accounts.
|
|
|
Possible Approaches to Measuring of Social Progress:over The Stiglitz Commission´s proposals
Stanislavová, Barbora ; Mazouch, Petr (advisor) ; Fischer, Jakub (referee)
The aim of my work after collecting and studying the available literature is to describe how to measure the social progress, which indicators of this term can we use, what are their disadvantages and mention proposals to improve them or create new, more complex indicators recommended by the so-called Stiglitz Commission. A short charter also deals summary of Stiglitz life. It also pays particular attention to term sof GDP, the quality of life and sustainable developement, for which estimates the Commission wals to find such a comprehensive indicator that would provide all neceséry informatik about these concepts. In my work I also try to capture the most important shortcomings the Commission sees on the gross domestic product.
|
|
|
Analysis of factors affecting labour productivity
Hájková, Marcela ; Fischer, Jakub (advisor) ; Dubská, Drahomíra (referee)
Thesis deals with the indicator labour productivity per worker in the various sectors of the economy, and analyzes two factors that affect productivity, defined as follows - the form of ownership and the highest level of completed formal education of workers. The first part compares labour productivity per worker and labor productivity per hour in the Czech Republic and for industries. Another part is devoted to the impact of the indicator public gross value added in the overall gross value added on labor productivity in terms of level and in terms of growth. In the last part is quantified the level of education of workers in industries using several methodologies, subsequently is discussed the impact of education on labor productivity.
|
guest ::
RSS feed.