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The mutual influence of Romani, Spanish and the other languages of the Iberian Peninsula.
Krinková, Zuzana ; Čermák, Petr (advisor) ; Elšík, Viktor (referee) ; Buzek, Ivo (referee)
The language contact of the inflectional Romani and Spanish, Catalan and other languages of the Iberian Peninsula began in the first half of the 15th century. A long- term and immediate contact between Romani and a language of the majority in several places of Europe resulted in emergence of so called Para-Romani varieties, mixed languages which predominantly make use of the grammar of the surrounding language, whereas the Romani-derived vocabulary is at least partly retained. In the Iberian Peninsula several Para-Romani varieties emerged. The process of their phonological, morphological and lexical evolution from the inflectional Iberian Romani is described in the first part of this thesis. The original form of the Iberian Romani of the 15th century was - according to our opinion - similar to so called early Romani of the Byzantine period that is supposed to end by the 14th century when the Romani language started to disperse throughout Europe. The influence of Spanish (and other languages of the Iberian Peninsula) is evident not only in the morphology and syntax, but also in phonology and semantics of the Iberian Para-Romani varieties. On the other hand, the Romani elements conserved in these varieties show archaic features as well as specific innovations and many of them can hardly be assigned...
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Verbal suppletion in Indo-European languages
Frantíková, Dita ; Bičovský, Jan (advisor) ; Elšík, Viktor (referee)
(in English): Typology of verbal suppletion on the ground of Indo-European languages is the focus of the thesis Verbal suppletion in Indo-European languages. The diachronic approach is of special interest. Description of verbal suppletion in the oldest stages of the IE languages and reconstruction of their Proto-Indo-European forms is thus aimed for (for each of the ten well-described IE language branches, one sample language is chosen, and its verbal system and suppletive verbal paradigms are described). Besides the descriptive data from individual language branches, the outcome of the thesis comprises the evaluation of the data by typological means from diachronic and synchronic view-point and its assessment in relation to frequency, semantic fields and Semantic relevance hierarchy. The thesis delivers a review of Proto-Indo-European roots in suppletive paradigms and their mutual relationships.
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Interdialectal Comparison of Lexical Borrowings in Romani
Lvová, Andrea ; Elšík, Viktor (advisor) ; Beníšek, Michael (referee)
INTERDIALECTAL COMPARISON OF LEXICAL BORROWINGS IN ROMANI III. SYNOPSIS This thesis deals with lexical borrowability in Romani dialects from the area of Central Europe. The comparison includes fifty local varieties spoken in Slovakia, Hungary, Poland and Ukraine. Fourty-eight of theese local varieties belong to the Central dialects group of Romani language, two of them belong to the North-Vlax dialects group. Data source was a transcript database of elicited questionnaries taken under the Language Atlas of Central Romani project. Using the Leipzig-Jakarta List of Basic Vocabulary for each variety, amount of borrowings, its semantic field and category, as well as donor language were observed in this comparison. The result of this work is new order of Leipzig-Jakarta List of Basic Vocabulary meanings, adopted to the Romani dialects spoken in Central Europe. IV. KEY-WORDS CATALOGUE Central European Romani, Romani dialects, lexical borrowings, lexical borrowability, Leipzig-Jakarta List of Basic Vocabulary, Language Atlas of Central Romani
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Identity in biographical narrative: The case of Slovak Roms in a Czech town.
Dienstbierová, Kristina ; Elšík, Viktor (advisor) ; Červenka, Jan (referee)
Anotation Most available studies dedicated to the identity of Roms fail to give a sutisfactory reply to some questions given by the social reality. The reason why lies in the fact that they explore the Romany identity based on culture and culture border studies. This work based on the biographical research is mapping the identity of Roms from the point of view of the participants themselves and their experience. It is focused on factors playing an imortant role when creating and reproducing the Romany identity and when giving meanings to it by its bearers themselves. The work shows that even the absence of any shared culture and social relations in the frame of the broader community it is possible to consider an etnic Romany category since it is is presented as the category not only by the Roms themselves, but by the majority society, which has a real impact on everyday live of each individual who is classified as a Rom.
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Romany phraseology in chosen texts
Koptová, Martina ; Červenka, Jan (advisor) ; Elšík, Viktor (referee)
The work describes the character of phraseology of the so-called Slovak Romani in the selected literary texts and in the light of this description, tries to find answers to the basic problems of Romani phraseology. Special attention is paid primarily to the following fields: identification of phraseologisms, description of properties, categorization, problems with translation, and specification of the vitality of phraseologisms. The work is based on theoretical conclusions made by prominent Slovak and Czech linguists found in its first part. The second part of the work is dedicated to the classification and description of excerpted phraseologisms. Each phraseologism is fitted with the following information: meaning, examples of application, variants, synonyms, antonyms, and Slovak and Czech phraseological equivalents. The work tests how well-known and lively the phraseologies excerpted from literature are by comparing their frequency of occurrence in the language of native speakers and by questionnaire research found in the third part. The focal point of the work is represented by authentical examples of how each phraseologism is used both in literature and colloquial Romani. These later may be used for compilation of a phraseological dictionary.
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Dialectological and sociolinguistic Aspects of Contact between two North - central Roma Language Subdialects in the Town of Jelšava
Samko, Milan ; Červenka, Jan (advisor) ; Pinter, Tibor (referee) ; Elšík, Viktor (referee)
SAMKO,Milan: Dialectological and sociolinguistic Aspects of Contact between two North - central Roma Language Subdialects in the Town of Jelšava [Doctoral thesis]/Mgr.Milan Samko-Charles University in Prague. Faculty of Philosophy & Art; Qualification level: doctor philosopiae (PhD.).- Prague:UK,2011.p.142 .+ appendix p.48. Doctoral thesis deals in with Roma language in the town of Jelšava. Subdialect of native Roma town citizens (hereinafter L1) and the subdialect of Roma citizens who moved in to the town of Jelšava (hereinafter L2). Goal of our paper is to present selected dialectological and sociolinguistic aspects of contact between L1 - L2. In pursuance of selected phenomenons we want to present contrastivity L1 - L2, lexical variation L1 - L2, extent and tenor of L1 ↔ L2 accommodation. We interpret and confront these within three generations of L1 and three generations of L2, aggregate for L1 and aggregate for L2. Our paper likes to observe the rate of change and evolutional tendencies in this area, from oldest L1 and L2 generation to youngest L1 and L2 generation. Young generation represents for us the indicator of evolutional tendencies and predictions for observation of these linguistic processes. The town of Jelšava is for us the only one known habitat in Slovak republic, where these...
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Dialectological and sociolinguistic aspects of contact between two north-central Roma language subdialects in the town of Jelšava
Samko, Milan ; Vacek, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Elšík, Viktor (referee)
SAMKO,Milan: Dialectological and sociolinguistic Aspects of Contact between two North - central Roma Language Subdialects in the Town of Jelšava [Doctoral thesis]/Mgr.Milan Samko-Charles University in Prague. Faculty of Philosophy & Art; Qualification level: doctor philosopiae (PhD.).- Prague:UK,2011.p.142 .+ appendix p.48. Doctoral thesis deals in with Roma language in the town of Jelšava. Subdialect of native Roma town citizens (hereinafter L1) and the subdialect of Roma citizens who moved in to the town of Jelšava (hereinafter L2). Goal of our paper is to present selected dialectological and sociolinguistic aspects of contact between L1 - L2. In pursuance of selected phenomenons we want to present contrastivity L1 - L2, lexical variation L1 - L2, extent and tenor of L1 ↔ L2 accommodation. We interpret and confront these within three generations of L1 and three generations of L2, aggregate for L1 and aggregate for L2. Our paper likes to observe the rate of change and evolutional tendencies in this area, from oldest L1 and L2 generation to youngest L1 and L2 generation. Young generation represents for us the indicator of evolutional tendencies and predictions for observation of these linguistic processes. The town of Jelšava is for us the only one known habitat in Slovak republic, where these...
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A Grammatical Sketch of the Romani Dialect of the Gemer Village Krasnohorske Podhradie
Rubák, Petr ; Elšík, Viktor (advisor) ; Beníšek, Michael (referee)
A Grammatical Sketch of the Romani dialect of the Gemere village Krásnohorské Podhradie Petr Rubák Abstract The primary goal of the thesis is to provide a grammatical description of the unique Romani dialect of Krásnohorské Podhradie (south-eastern Slovakia), a transitional variety between South Central and North Central subgroups of Central Romani. The body of the thesis is divided into three main chapters. The first chapter briefly deals with phonology and morphophonology, including a description of the phoneme inventory and a description of various sound changes. The second, the main chapter is devoted to morphology and contains a description of the derivation and inflection of nouns, adjectives and verbs. The third chapter is shortly devoted basic and complex syntactic structures. The linguistic data are based on linguistic elicitation using of standardized dialectological questionnaires. Keywords: Romani, grammatic, dialects, Gemer (SK)
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Prague linguistic typology: an empirical test of a supposed correlation
Láznička, Michal ; Elšík, Viktor (advisor) ; Křivan, Jan (referee)
AbstractAbstractAbstractAbstract The presented work is focused on the Prague school of typology, an approach formulated by Vladimír Skalička and pursued later by Petr Sgall or Jaroslav Popela. In the centre of the approach stands the formulation of 5 idealised language types or clusters of linguistic features. The combinatorial possibilities of these types are to be observed in the languages of the world. Prague school of typology has been a target of critique mainly as a holistic approach and due to its problematic work with typological data. The work is concerned with the possibilities of testing the validity of some of the proposals of the approach in question by means of the methods of modern typology. The possible correlation of morphological exponence and NP agreement was tested on a representative sample of 47 languages. The index of exponence and agreement was obtained for each language in the sample. No significant correlation between the indices was found. Both the symmetrical "favourability" of cumulation and agreement and "dis-favourability" of separation and agreement was ruled out. There was not sufficient data to prove or rule out the asymmetrical relationship between cumulation and agreement. KeywordsKeywordsKeywordsKeywords agreement - morphological exponence - Prague School of Typology -...
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